This paper retrospectively analysed the prevalence of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) in some parts of China. Between January 2013 and December 2019, we collected 4,145 respiratory samples, including pharyngeal swabs and alveolar lavage fluid. The highest PCR-positive rate of M. pneumoniae was 74.5% in Beijing, the highest resistance rate was 100% in Shanghai, and Gansu was the lowest with 20%. The highest PCR-positive rate of M. pneumoniae was 74.5% in 2013, and the highest MRMP was 97.4% in 2019; the PCR-positive rate of M. pneumoniae for adults in Beijing was 17.9% and the MRMP was 10.48%. Among the children diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the PCR-positive and macrolide-resistant rates of M. pneumoniae were both higher in the severe ones. A2063G in domain V of 23S rRNA was the major macrolide-resistant mutation, accounting for more than 90%. The MIC values of all MRMP to erythromycin and azithromycin were ≥ 64 µg/ml, and the MICs of tetracycline and levofloxacin were ≤ 0.5 µg/ml and ≤ 1 µg/ml, respectively. The macrolide resistance varied in different regions and years. Among inpatients, the macrolide-resistant rate was higher in severe pneumonia. A2063G was the common mutation, and we found no resistance to tetracycline and levofloxacin.
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Macrolides , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/drug effects , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/genetics , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Humans , China/epidemiology , Macrolides/pharmacology , Retrospective Studies , Child , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Male , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/microbiology , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/drug therapy , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Aged , Infant , Prevalence , RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics , Aged, 80 and over
