ABSTRACT
In the C-2U fusion energy experiment, high power neutral beam injection creates a large fast ion population that sustains a field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma. The diagnosis of the fast ion pressure in these high-performance plasmas is therefore critical, and the measurement of the flux of neutrons from the deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion reaction is well suited to the task. Here we describe the absolute, in situ calibration of scintillation neutron detectors via two independent methods: firing deuterium beams into a high density gas target and calibration with a 2 × 107 n/s AmBe source. The practical issues of each method are discussed and the resulting calibration factors are shown to be in good agreement. Finally, the calibration factor is applied to C-2U experimental data where the measured neutron rate is found to exceed the classical expectation.
ABSTRACT
El presente trabajo se realizó en el HNERM, entre Setiembre de 1996 a Julio de 1998. Se realizaron 61 procedimientos quirúrgicos en animales de experimentación, 39 en canes y 22 en cerdos. De estos procedimientos 14 fueron transplante ortotópico de hígado. (TOH), 7 en canes y 7 en cerdos. Durante la fase anhepática se utilizó en 6 animales el bypass veno-venoso con bomba centrífuga sin heparinización sistémica y en 8 se utilizó el bypass veno-venoso pasivo con heparinización sistémica. Los animales fueron sacrificados 2 horas después de concluído el procedimiento, para precisar el estado de la anastomosis y la presencia o no de trombos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Liver Transplantation , Anastomosis, Surgical , Dogs , SwineABSTRACT
This study was carried at at the Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, from September 1996 to July 1998. 61 surgical procedures were performed in experimental animals, 39 in dogs and 22 in pigs. During the anhepatic phase, we used veno-venous bypass with centrifugal pumps and without systemic anticoagulation drugs in 6 animals, and passive venovenous bypass with systemic anticoagulation drugs in 8 animals. Experimental animals were sacrified two hours after the procedures were concluded in order to assess the status of vascular anastomosis and thrombus formation.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis C/transmission , Sexual Partners , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors are uncommon neoplasms. They may remain symptomless for years, and are usually of late diagnosis. A women presenting with severe acute pancreatitis diagnosed as a neuroendocrine tumor after study by the pathologist of the tissue excised at laparotomy is presented.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/complications , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Pancreatitis/complications , Acute Disease , Aged , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Family Health , Hepatitis C/transmission , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Anesthesia, General , Esophageal Perforation , Contraindications , Diagnosis, Differential , Esophageal Perforation/complications , Esophageal Perforation/diagnosis , Esophageal Perforation/surgery , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal , Male , Middle Aged , Nitrous Oxide , Pneumonia, Aspiration/prevention & control , Rupture, Spontaneous , SyndromeABSTRACT
Reportamos el estudio de 22 pacientes portadores de cáncer de esófago, que fueron sometidos a esofaguectomía transmediastinal sin toracotomía con apertura amplia del diafragma, entre 1987 y 1990 en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Nacional `Edgardo Rebagliati Martins' Lima-Perú. Como es usual en nuestro medio la mayoría de los pacientes corresponden a estadíos avanzados: 92 por ciento al estadío III, 4 por ciento al estadío II, 4 por ciento al estadío I. Las complicaciones post-operatorias entre ellas fístula cervical, disfonía, problemas respiratorios, etc., fueron tratados con éxito en forma conservadora; sólo un paciente falleció por mediastinitis y sepsis post-operatoria que representa el 4.54 por ciento de mortalidad hospitalaria. No se registró ningún caso de necrosis de víscera transpuesta, ni quilotórax. La evolución de los pacientes fue satisfactoria, normalizando la alimentación por vía oral entre los 10 a 14 días después de la cirugía y mejorando progresivamente su estado nutricional y calidad de vida
Subject(s)
Surgical Procedures, Operative , Surgical Procedures, Operative/mortality , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Peru , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Esophagoplasty , Fistula/complicationsABSTRACT
The case of a 35 year old female who had paraneoplasic syndrome during a period of one year, together with abdominal pain, is presented. Owing to the aforementioned, she was operated under the suspicion of lymphoma. The intraoperatory diagnosis was of retroperitoneal fibrosis. Physical examination showed important ascites and cachexia. Mild anemia and high sedimentation rate were found in blood test. A barium intestinal X-ray showed loop distention and a CT scan showed ascites and mesenteric thickening which were confirmed by a laparotomy. The histological study showed substantial cholagen and inflammatory infiltrate, together with giant cells of foreign body type. The different clinical presentations were reviewed as well as diagnoses, treatments, and the evolution of the disease.
Subject(s)
Panniculitis, Peritoneal/diagnosis , Adult , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Mesentery/pathology , Panniculitis, Peritoneal/pathology , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
Los autores presentan la experiencia de 28 pacientes con esofagitis severa tratados quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, desde 1987 a febrero de 1991, mediante esofagocoloplastía, o faringocoloplastía cuando existió compromiso del esófago cervical proximal. El 64.28 por ciento correspondió al sexo femenino y el 35.72 por ciento al sexo masculino. Las edades fluctuaron entre 15 a 75 años con un promedio de 34 años. En 10 pacientes (36 por ciento), se realizó faringocoloplastía y en los 18 restantes (64 por ciento) esofagocoloplastía. En cuanto a la morbilidad postoperatoria, correspondió en 5 casos (18 por ciento) a infecciones respiratorias, 3 casos (11 por ciento) a neumotorax, 2 casos (7 por ciento) derrame pleural y un caso presentó fístula cervical leve. Todas estas complicaciones respondieron satisfactoriamente al tratamiento médico. Dos casos (7 por ciento) con estenosis postoperatoria tardía se corrigieron con plastía cervical simple. No se presentaron complicaciones como mediastinitis, necrosis del colon transpuesto, hemorragia u otros. La mortalidad operatoria fue de 0 por ciento y la evolución actual de los pacientes es satisfactoria, teniendo nuestros primeros casos más de cuatro años de seguimiento post-operatorio
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Esophagitis/diagnosis , Caustics/poisoning , General Surgery/trends , Peru , Surgical Procedures, OperativeABSTRACT
Veinte pacientes fueron sometidos a esofagectomía transmediastinal sin toracotomía durante el período de 1987-1990, en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Nacional `Edgardo Rebagliati Martins' Lima-Perú. El 90 por ciento de los pacientes correspondieron al estadio III, 5 por ciento al estadio II y 5 por ciento al estadio I. Las complicaciones post-operatorias como fístula cervical, disfonía transitoria y complicaciones respiratorias se resolvieron conservadoramente. Sólo un paciente falleció por mediastinitis y sepsis, correspondiendo a una mortalidad hospitalaria del 5 por ciento. No se presentaron complicaciones hemorrágicas intraoperatorias, quilotórax, ni necrosis de víscera transpuesta. La esofagectomía transmediastinal es una buena alternativa en el manejo del paciente quirúrgico por su baja morbilidad, mortalidad y resultados de sobrevida semejantes a otras técnicas
Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Surgical Procedures, Operative/trends , Esophagoplasty , Esophagoplasty , Abdomen/surgery , Thoracic Surgery , Gastric Fundus/surgeryABSTRACT
Between 1987 and 1990 twenty report cases who suffered carcinoma of the esophagus underwent transmediastinal esophagectomy without thoracotomy at the Surgery Service of the Edgardo Rehabilitation Hospital. Of the report cases 90% were at stage III, 5% of stage II and 5% at stage I of the TNM Classification. Post operative complications were cervical leaks, transitory dysphonia and respiratory illness, and were solved by conservative management. Only one case died with sepsis and mediastinitis, this represents an inpatient mortality of 5%. There were no hemorrhagic complications, nor chylothorax neither visceral necrosis during surgical time. Transmediastinal esophagectomy offers a good choice for the management of surgical cases, it has low mortality, morbidity and similar survival time than other procedures.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , ThoracotomyABSTRACT
The authors present 28 report cases of severe caustic esophagitis who underwent surgery at the Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins I.P.S.S., from 1987 to February 1991. All were treated by esophagocoloplasty and when the proximal cervical esophagus was injured, by pharingocoloplasty. Eighteen patients (64.28%) were female and 10 (35.72%) male. Whose ages ranged between 15 and 75 years with an average of 34 years. Ten patients (36%) suffered pharingocoloplasty and in the remaining 18 (64%) a esophagocoloplasty (esophagogastric colonic interposition) was made. Postoperative morbidity corresponded in 5 cases (18%) to respiratory Infections, in 3 cases (11%) pneumothorax, in 2 cases (7%) pleural effusions and only one case presented a small cervical leak. All of them were satisfactory solved by conservatory medical treatment. Only two cases (7%) with late postoperative stenosis required reintervention and a simple cervical plasty was made. There were no complications as mediastinitis, necrosis of the colon graft hemorrhage. Operatory mortality was 0% and the long term follow up of all patients is satisfactory, having our first report cases more than 4 years of postoperative follow up.
