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Objective:To explore the inhibitory mechanism of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion on tumor growth in colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)based on histone lysine demethylase 4D(KDM4D). Methods:Inbred male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a CAC group,a herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group,and an inhibitor group.Except the normal group,rats in the other three groups were treated with azoxymethane(AOM)combined with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to make CAC rat models.Rats in the normal group and the CAC group did not receive interventions;rats in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group received moxibustion at Qihai(CV6)and bilateral Tianshu(ST25),2 cones for one point each time,once a day for 30 d with 1-day rest every week;rats in the inhibitor group received intraperitoneal injection of KDM4D inhibitor,5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline(5-c-8HQ),once a day for 30 d.After intervention,the general condition,colon length,tumor number and volume,and histopathological colon changes were observed.The expression of adenomatous polyposis coli(APC),axis inhibitor(Axin),cyclin D1,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-7 and MMP-9 mRNAs were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),cleaved caspase3,KDM4D,APC,and Axin proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:Compared with the normal group,the general condition was poor,the colon length was significantly shortened(P<0.01),the number and volume of colonic tumors were increased(P<0.01),the structure of glandular duct was obviously disordered with"back-to-back"and cowall phenomenon,and also high-grade adenocarcinoma formed;the protein expression levels of PCNA and KDM4D were significantly increased(P<0.01),while cleaved caspase3,APC,and Axin were significantly reduced(P<0.01);the mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1,MMP-7,and MMP-9 were significantly increased(P<0.01),while APC and Axin were significantly reduced(P<0.01)in the CAC group.Compared with the CAC group,the general condition was improved,the length of colon was significantly increased(P<0.01),the number and volume of the colonic tumors were reduced(P<0.05),and the colon tissues showed epithelial cell proliferation with enlarged and deep staining nuclei,dysplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration;the protein expression levels of PCNA and KDM4D were significantly reduced(P<0.01),while the cleaved caspase3,APC,and Axin were significantly increased(P<0.01);the mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1,MMP-7,and MMP-9 were reduced(P<0.05),while the APC and Axin were increased(P<0.05)in the colon tissues of rats in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the inhibitor group. Conclusion:Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion regulated abnormally expressed KDM4D in CAC rats,activated APC and Axin,the upstream molecules of Wnt/β-catenin pathway,inhibited abnormally activated downstream molecules of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.This may be a key mechanism of herb cake-partitioned moxibustion in inhibiting CAC tumor growth.
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Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on phosphatase and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin signaling pathway in the midbrain substantia nigra of Thy1-α synuclein(αSyn)transgenic model mice with Parkinson disease(PD). Methods:Twenty-four Thy1-αSyn transgenic mice were randomly divided into a model group,an acupuncture group,an acupuncture + moxibustion group,and a Western medicine group.Six wild-type mice in the same litter were used as the wild-type group.In the acupuncture group,Baihui(GV20)and Yanglingquan(GB34)were selected for acupuncture.In the acupuncture + moxibustion group,Guanyuan(CV4)was added on the basis of the acupuncture group.The Western medicine group was given rapamycin intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 10 mg/(kg·bw).The wild-type group and the model group were fixed without intervention.The overall rod performance(ORP)score of mice was observed in each group.The immunohistochemical method was used to detect the tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)positive neurons in the substantia nigra of mice in each group.The αSyn was detected by the immunofluorescence chemical method.The expression levels of αSyn,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,autophagy protein sequestosome-1/protein 62(SQSTM-1/p62),PINK1,Parkin,and ubiquitin-specific protease 30(USP30)proteins were detected by Western blotting assay.The expression levels of LC3B,p62,PINK1,Parkin,and USP30 mRNAs were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with the wild-type group,the ORP score,the p62,PINK1,and Parkin protein expression levels decreased significantly(P<0.01),the PINK1 mRNA expression level decreased(P<0.05),while the protein and mRNA expression levels of USP30 increased(P<0.05)in the model group.Compared with the model group,the ORP score in the acupuncture group and the acupuncture + moxibustion group increased(P<0.05);the expression level of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein in the acupuncture + moxibustion group and the Western medicine group increased(P<0.05);the protein expression levels of p62,PINK1,and Parkin increased(P<0.05),while the USP30 protein expression level decreased significantly(P<0.01)in the acupuncture group,the acupuncture + moxibustion group,and the Western medicine group;the Parkin mRNA expression level in the acupuncture group and the acupuncture + moxibustion group increased(P<0.05);the USP30 mRNA expression level in the acupuncture + moxibustion group decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture and moxibustion regulate the related molecule expression levels of PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in the Thy1-αSyn transgenic PD model mice and promote the autophagy degradation of αSyn to exert the protective effect of dopaminergic neurons.
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In recent years, with the widespread clinical application of moxibustion, the clinical trials on moxibustion research are also increasing. However, the establishment of negative control of moxibustion, also called as mimicking moxibustion, has become a major challenge in the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) . In this review, we summarized the establishment methods of mimicking moxibustion in RCTs at home and abroad, and evaluated and elaborated the design and application methods of mimicking moxibustion models from thermal effect, light radiation effect and smoke effect that generated by moxibustion, in order to provide insights for the establishment of an ideal and feasible mimicking moxibustion model in future RCTs of moxibustion.
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Objective: To observe the effect of anti-inflammatory by preventative moxibustion at Tianshu Acupoint (ST25) on UC rats, and to investigate the protective mechanism of preventative moxibustion at Tianshu Acupoint (ST25) onintestinal mucosal barrier in UC rats. Methods: A total of 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into thenormal group (NC), the ulcerative colitis group (UC), the herb-partitioned moxibustion pretreatment group (HM+P), thewarming moxibustion pretreatment group (WM+P), with 7 in each group. The HM+P and the WM+P were treated withherb-partitioned moxibustion and warming moxibustion for 7 days before the model was established. After pretreatment, the UC, the HM+P and the WM+P were given 4％ dextran sodium sulfate solution for 7 days. Observe the rat pathologicalchanges of colon tissue by HE staining, detect the protein expression in rat colon tissue by immunohistochemistry andwestern blot. Results: compared with the NC group, the pathological scores were increased, the expression of occludin, JAM1, MUC2, ZO-1 were decreased and the expression of NF-κBp65, IL-1βincreased in UC group (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the UC group, the pathological score decreased, the protein expression of occludin, JAM1, MUC2, ZO-1 increased, the protein expression of NF-κBp65, IL-1βdecreased in HM + P group (P ＜ 0.05), the Pathological scoredecreased, the Protein expression of occludin, MUC2, ZO-1 increased, the Protein expression of IL-1β decreased inWM + P group (P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusion: The herb-partitioned moxibustion pretreatment and the warming moxibustionpretreatment could increase the expression of intestinal barrier related proteins in UC rats, it may be one of themechanisms of moxibustion to relieve colonic inflammation of UC.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical efficacy between acupuncture and intravenous administration of lipoic acid and alprostadil for distal symmetric multiple peripheral neuropathy of diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture group (31 cases) and a medication group (29 cases). Patients in the two groups received basic treatment to control blood sugar within a safe range. On this basis, patients in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at Geshu (BL 17), Weiwanxiashu (EX-B 3), Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36), Taixi (KI 3), ashi points, etc. Patients in the medication group were treated with intravenous administration of lipoic acid (0.6 g) and alprostadil (10 mg). The treatment was given once a day, 10 days for a course of treatment; there was an interval of 2 days between courses, and totally 3 courses were given. The score of peripheral neuropathy of diabetes mellitus, the change of nerve conduction: velocity and clinical efficacy before and after treatment in the two groups were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the score of peripheral neuropathy was significantly reduced in the two groups (both P < 0.05), which was more significant in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) of median nerve and common peroneal nerve were significantly increased in the two groups (all P < 0.05). Compared between two groups, the SNCV and MNCV of common peroneal nerve in the acupuncture group were significantly superior to those in the medication group (both P < 0.05); the MNCV of median nerve in the acupuncture group was significantly superior to that in the medication group (P < 0.05); the SNCV of median nerve in the acupuncture group was not significantly different from that in the medication group (P > 0.05). The total effective rate was 83.9% (26/31) in the acupuncture group, which was significantly superior to 62.1% (18/29) in the medication group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture and conventional medication both have satisfied effects for distal symmetric multiple peripheral neuropathy of diabetes mellitus, and acupuncture is superior to medication on improving clinical signs of sensory disorder, reflection disturbance and muscle weakness, nerve conduction and clinical curative effect.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diabetic Neuropathies , Therapeutics , Peripheral Nerves , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Objective:To identify differentially expressed saliva proteins of oral lichen planus(OLP)patients by two-dimensional fluo-rescence difference electrophoresis(2-D DIGE)and mass spectrometry(MS).Methods:3 pairs of saliva samples from OLP patients and matched healthy adults were collected.Saliva proteins were separated by 2-D DIGE and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Results:SDS-PAGE examination showed that the electrophoresis bands were clear and protein loss was rare. Protein dots were highly reproducible by 2-D DIGE.In average,the abundance of (31 7 ±71 )saliva protein spots were found in OLP pa-tients.4 highly reproducible spots were identified to be secretory IgA1 ,zincα-2-glycoprotein,salivary amylase and serum albumin by LC-MS and they were at higher level in OLP patients than those in the healthy controls.Conclusion:Secretory IgA1 ,zincα-2-glyco-protein,salivary amylase and serum albumin are highly expressed in the saliva of OLP patients,and may be related to the occurrence and development of oral lichen planus.
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Currently, the intraoperative location of microelectrode position in the globus pallidus is subjective and qualitative; it only depends on the experience of doctors during pallidotomy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The fractal characteristic of neuronal discharge signals is analyzed for target localization; the factor of box dimension is extracted from the microelectrode recordings for identifying the neuronal structures at the depth of microelectrode. New objective and quantitative targeting technique is presented by processing clinical microelelctrode recordings of Parkinson's disease. Through the validation of clinical data and the critical appraisal by experts, the targeting technique can be used for improving the accuracy of localization in neurosurgery.