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1.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 27(4): 232-239, jul.-ago. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1289221

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: medir el impacto de la terapia de resincronización cardiaca en términos de variables ecocardiográficas en pacientes de países latinoamericanos. Método: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, intervencionista, en el que los pacientes elegibles fueron llevados, por primera vez, a implante de un dispositivo de resincronización cardiaca. El objetivo primario fue valorar los cambios del tamaño y la función del ventrículo izquierdo por medio de un ecocardiograma previo al implante del dispositivo y en el sexto mes. Los objetivos secundarios evaluados fueron hospitalizaciones, cambios en la clase funcional, mortalidad, calidad de vida y un score compuesto clínico basado en estos factores de evaluación global del paciente. Resultados: para cumplir el objetivo primario se analizaron datos de 75 sujetos. La edad promedio fue de 63,7 años; 21.3% fueron mujeres y 30.7% tuvieron cardiopatía isquémica. Al sexto mes de seguimiento las mediciones de volumen de fin de diástole y sístole del ventrículo izquierdo disminuyeron en promedio 37.6 ml y 37.8 ml, respectivamente. La fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo en promedio se incrementó un 11%. El puntaje compuesto clínico mostró mejoría en el 86.4% de los pacientes en el sexto mes postimplante del resincronizador. Conclusiones: se observó remodelado inverso del ventrículo izquierdo y mejoría en el estado clínico de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca y disfunción sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo que recibieron terapia de resincronización cardiaca en el ámbito de la práctica clínica de rutina.


Abstract Objective: To measure the impact of cardiac resynchronisation therapy in terms of cardiac ultrasound variables in patients from Latin-American countries. Method: A prospective, multicentre, interventionist study was conducted, in which the eligible patients were those that had a cardiac resynchronisation device implanted for the first time. The primary objective was to assess the changes in size and left ventricular function by means of a cardiac ultrasound carried out prior to implanting the device and in the sixth month. The secondary objectives evaluated were hospital admissions, change in functional class, mortality, quality of life, and an overall assessment of the patient using a combined clinical score based on these factors. Results: A total of 75 subjects were analysed in order to complete the primary objective. The mean age was 63.7 years; 21.3% were female, and 30.7% had ischaemic heart disease. At the sixth month, the left ventricular end-diastolic and systolic volume decreased by a mean of 37.6 ml and 37.8 ml, respectively. The left ventricular ejection fraction increased by a mean of 11%. The combined clinical score showed an improvement in 86.4% of the patients in the sixth month after the implantation of the synchronisation device. Conclusions: A reverse remodelling of the left ventricle was observed, as well as an improvement in the clinical stage of patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction that received cardiac resynchronisation treatment in the setting of routine clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy , Heart Failure , Therapeutics , Echocardiography , Mortality
2.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 85(4): 284-91, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26095051

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Postprandial hypotension is a known cause of syncope in the elderly. Its prevalence is unknown in our country. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed to determine PPH's Prevalence in elderly adults of both an urban and a rural Community in the State of Queretaro. Blood pressure measurements included a basal pre-prandial record, minute 0 recording at the moment they finished the meal and every 10 min until a 90 min record was complete. We included a medical history, a mental state test for cognitive evaluation (Minimental) and Minnesota Quality of life score and a food macronutrient composition analysis. RESULTS: We included 256 subjects, 78.1 ± 8.8 years old, 195 (76.2%) female. Two-hundred and five subjects (80.1%) had Postprandial hypotension after one or both analyzed meals, with non-significant differences in the studied items. Sixty-six (26.2%) patients had "significant postprandial hypotension". Patients living in a special care facility had more postprandial hypotension than people at the family home (87-3% vs 69.8% respectively, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Post-prandial hypotension is a common finding in this elderly population. We did not find distinctive conditions or markers that allow identification of subjects at risk for postprandial hypotension and its complications. This should prompt for routine screenings in specialized facilities to prevent complications.


Subject(s)
Hypotension/epidemiology , Postprandial Period , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies
3.
Cardiol J ; 22(2): 165-71, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25299499

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Syncope is a common symptom and in most cases it is of a neurally mediated origin. Such patients have to be studied with a careful history and a physical exploration that should include simple maneuvers such as blood pressure (BP) recordings in decubitus and standing position. These tools can suggest diagnosis in a good percentage of patients without the need for expensive or invasive testing. METHODS: We carried out a prospective observational study measuring BP and heart rate (HR) with the patients in decubitus and just as they stood up. The patients were sent for a tilt table test in different specialized centers. The BP changes were compared to the results of the tilt test. RESULTS: We included 215 patients, 36.1 ± 18.8 years old, 118 (54.9%) feminine, of which 143 (66.5%) had a positive tilt test. Patients with a positive test showed a rise in systolic BP (SBP) (121.7 ± 19.1 vs. 124.2 ± 20, p < 0.005) and in diastolic BP (DBP) (75 ± 11 vs. 78 ± 11.3, p < 0.005) when compared to people with a negative one. On the other hand, percentage BP changes were significantly different (SBP 2.24% vs. 0.48%, p = 0.02; DBP 4.1% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.009). Patients with a positive test had also a lower HR on standing up (72.1 ± ± 11.1 vs. 78.3 ± 17.2, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with neurally mediated syncope showed an elevation of SBP and DBP when standing up actively, unlike subjects with a negative tilt test.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Blood Pressure , Posture , Syncope, Vasovagal/diagnosis , Tilt-Table Test , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Positioning , Patient Selection , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Syncope, Vasovagal/physiopathology , Time Factors , Young Adult
4.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 25(2): 109-117, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-723010

ABSTRACT

La práctica de los deportes de alto nivel es cada vez más común. En el presente trabajo se revisa una serie de conceptos sobre la muerte súbita en atletas y cómo se puede incluir el concepto de "miocardiopatía del atleta" en el conocimiento disponible hasta la fecha. La prevalencia de muerte súbita en atletas es mayor que en la población general (1.5:100,000 contra 0.2:100,000 respectivamente). Esta diferencia puede ser secundaria a ciertos cambios miocárdicos derivados del ejercicio de resistencia. Consistentemente se han estado describiendo cambios anatómicos y funcionales de predominio ventricular derecho que semejan a una displasia arritmogénica, lo que da lugar a la hipótesis de que el ejercicio de resistencia de alto nivel puede inducir una forma de miocardiopatía que explica un cierto número de casos de muerte súbita en atletas. Los profesionales de la salud deben conocer esta posibilidad de riesgo en atletas entrenados, al tiempo que deben estimular la realización de ejercicio moderado regular como una práctica saludable en la población general.


High performance sports practice is more common every day. In the present work we evaluate several concepts regarding sudden death among athletes and the recently described "Athlete's cardiomyopathy". The prevalence of sudden death among athletes is higher than among the general population (1.5:100,000 versus 0.2:100,000 respectively). This difference can be related to myocardial changes derived from endurance exercise. There are consistent descriptions of anatomical and functional changes, more specific to the right ventricle that simulate an arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. This can originate the hypothesis that such a cardiomyopathy can explain a certain number of sudden deaths among athletes. As healthcare professionals we have to be aware of this possibility among trained athletes, although we must continue to encourage moderate physical activity as a healthy behaviour among the general population.

5.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol ; 37(2): 207-14, 2014 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23998710

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pacing the right ventricle is established practice, but there remains controversy as to the optimal site to preserve hemodynamic function. AIMS: To evaluate clinical and hemodynamic differences between apical and septal pacing in pacemaker-dependent patients. METHODS: Patients receiving their first pacemaker for advanced atrioventricular block, with the atria in sinus rhythm, were randomized to receive apical (Group A) or septal (Group S) ventricular leads. After implant, with the device programmed VVI 70 beats/min fixed rate, patients underwent a 6-minute walk test and a transthoracic echocardiogram. Then, DDDR was programmed at nominal settings. The same tests were performed at 6 months and 12 months follow-up. If ventricular pacing was less than 98%, the patient was excluded. RESULTS: A total of 142 patients were included in the study. During the study year, 71 (50%) were excluded for not fulfilling the condition of 98% ventricular pacing. Groups A and S had 34 and 37 patients, respectively. Age and gender were similar in the groups. At implant, QRS duration was significantly greater in Group A (158 ms) than Group S (146 ms; P = 0.018), and the QRS axis was different: -74.5° in Group A and 1° in Group S (P < 0.001). At 1 year, the 6-minute walk improved significantly in both groups: Group A 15% (P = 0.048) and Group S 24% (P = 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased from 0.57 to 0.61 (P = 0.008) in Group S, without significant change in Group A. CONCLUSIONS: After 1 year, pacemaker-dependent patients with septal ventricular leads have better clinical and functional (LVEF) outcome.


Subject(s)
Atrioventricular Block/diagnosis , Atrioventricular Block/therapy , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Heart Septum , Heart Ventricles , Double-Blind Method , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
6.
Ital Heart J ; 5(1): 29-35, 2004 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15080578

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In rats leptin increases sympathetic activity, and an inhibitory effect on leptin synthesis and release has been demonstrated for the catecholamines, both in adipocyte cell cultures and in healthy experimental animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between leptin and heart sympathetic activity as well as changes in leptin levels after the administration of drugs that modify sympathetic activity. METHODS: We performed a randomized, blinded, before-after trial in 81 normotensive obese and non-obese subjects. They were studied before and after treatment with enalapril (5 mg every 12 hours) or clonidine (0.1 mg every 12 hours) for 7 days. RESULTS: Obese subjects had higher values for percent body fat (p < 0.0005), triglycerides (p < 0.05), leptin (p < 0.0005), and low frequency/high frequency ratio at night (LF/HFn, p = 0.05). After enalapril or clonidine treatment, leptin levels were not modified. Both drugs significantly diminished the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. In the obese group, clonidine and enalapril diminished the LF/HFn ratio (p < 0.05). The LF/HF index showed a univariate correlation with body mass index, leptin, systolic blood pressure, insulin, age and triglyceride levels. In the multiple regression analysis for factors associated with the LF/HF ratio, only leptin, age and insulin were included in the model. The r2 of the model was 0.3 (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: A higher level of heart sympathetic activity is found in normotensive obese as compared with non-obese subjects. Both clonidine and enalapril reduced heart sympathetic activity in obese subjects without a change in fasting leptin levels.


Subject(s)
Hypertension/metabolism , Hypertension/physiopathology , Leptin/blood , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/physiopathology , Adipose Tissue/drug effects , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/administration & dosage , Adult , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Body Mass Index , Clonidine/administration & dosage , Diastole/drug effects , Enalapril/administration & dosage , Female , Heart Rate/drug effects , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/drug therapy , Statistics as Topic , Systole/drug effects , Treatment Outcome
7.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 66(5): 390-9, sept.-oct. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-187738

ABSTRACT

De un total de 465 pacientes con síndrome de Wolff Parkinson White, sometidos a ablación con radiofrecuencia, encontramos evidencia de vías accesorias múltiples en 18 enfermos (3.9 por ciento): 17 tuvieron 2 vías accesorias y sólo un tuvo tres vías accesorias. En tres enfermos, hubo además fibras de tipo atriofasciculares derechas. Veintisiete vías fueron manifiestas y diez ocultas; seis enfermos tuvieron anomalía de Ebstein asociada. La localización de las vías fue: 16 vías posteroseptales o posteriores derechas, cinco vías laterales derechas, tres vías anteroseptales, una medioseptal derecha y una anterolateral. Hubo siete vías accesorias localizadas en la pared libre lateral izquierda y cinco en la región posteroseptal izquierda. En 32 de las 37 vías accesorias (86 por ciento) se realizó ablación con radiofrecuencia sin complicaciones. El tiempo total del procedimiento fue de 100 ñ 58 minutos, con un tiempo de fluoroscopía de 40 ñ 17 minutos. El número de aplicaciones de radiofrecuencia fue de 26 ñ 17, con una energía de 41 ñ 6 watts. En tres casos (8 por ciento) hubo recidiva 80 ñ 40 días después de la ablación. En conclusión, los pacientes con múltiples vías pueden ser tratados mediante ablación con radiofrecuencia en una misma sesión, con un alto porcentaje de éxito, aunque ligeramente inferior que en los pacientes con una sola vía accesoria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Catheter Ablation , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
8.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 65(6): 503-19, nov.-dic. 1995. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-167447

ABSTRACT

Reportamos los resultados de la ablación con radiofrecuencia (RF) en 50 pacientes con taquiarritmias supraventriculares tratadas en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez". La taquicardia era debida a la presencia de una vía accesoria en 355 pacientes (71 por cientos), con un total de 366 vías accesorias; sólo 11 pacientes tuvieron dos vías accesorias. El Mecanismo de la arritmia fue reentrada intranodal en 115 (23 por ciento) pacientes. Se realizó ablación del circuito de reentrada en 15 (3 por ciento) pacientes con flutter auricular y en, 11 (2 por ciento), se realizó ablación del nodo auriculoventricular (AV) por fibrilación o flutter auricular recurrente a pesar del tratamiento médico. En 3 pacientes (0.7 por ciento) se realizó ablación de una taquicardia auricular por foco ectópico y en 1 (0.3 por ciento) pacientes con taquicardia por reentrada senoauricular. La ablación con radiofrecuencia fue exitosa en 312/355 (87.9 por ciento) pacientes con vías accesorias, con un porcentaje de recurrencia en 44 casos (12.4 por ciento) y complicaciones en 6(2 por ciento). La reentrada intranodal fue tratada con éxito en 110/115 (95.6 por ciento) con ablación selectiva de la vía lenta en 92/96 (95.8 por ciento) y de la vía rápida en 18/19 (94.7 por ciento) pacientes. El porcentaje de complicaciones en este grupo fue de 7 pacientes (6 por ciento), con bloqueo auriculoventricular completo en 3 (3.6 por ciento) requiriendo la implantación de marcapaso en 2 casos. En el caso de flutter auricular, se obtuvo éxito en 13/15 pacientes (87 por ciento). Se realizó bloqueo AV completo por ablación de la unión auriculoventricular en 11/11 pacientes. Se realizó ablación exitosa en 2/3 (66 por ciento) pacientes con taquicardia auricular ectópica (TAE), y en un paciente de una taquicardia por reentrada senoauricular (TRSA). El éxito total de la serie fue de ablación exitosa mediante radiofrecuencia en 448/500 pacientes (90.5 por ciento), con 66 recurrencias (13 por ciento) y 13 complicaciones (2.6 por ciento), sin mortalidad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Catheter Ablation/methods , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/therapy , Atrial Flutter/therapy , Electrophysiology , Atrial Fibrillation/therapy , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/etiology , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/therapy
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