ABSTRACT
Ilex × attenuata 'Sunny Foster' represents a yellow leaf mutant originating from I. × attenuata 'Foster#2', a popular ornamental woody cultivar. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this leaf color mutation remain unclear. Using a comprehensive approach encompassing cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic methodologies, notable distinctions were discerned between the mutant specimen and its wild type. The mutant phenotype displayed aberrant chloroplast morphology, diminished chlorophyll content, heightened carotenoid/chlorophyll ratios, and a decelerated rate of plant development. Transcriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to chlorophyll metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis. The up-regulation of CHLD and CHLI subunits leads to decreased magnesium chelatase activity, while the up-regulation of COX10 increases heme biosynthesis-both impair chlorophyll synthesis. Conversely, the down-regulation of HEMD hindered chlorophyll synthesis, and the up-regulation of SGR enhanced chlorophyll degradation, resulting in reduced chlorophyll content. Additionally, genes linked to carotenoid biosynthesis, flavonoid metabolism, and photosynthesis were significantly down-regulated. We also identified 311 putative differentially expressed transcription factors, including bHLHs and GLKs. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf color mutation in I. × attenuata 'Sunny Foster' and provide a substantial gene reservoir for enhancing leaf color through breeding techniques.
ABSTRACT
The scientometric analysis is statistical scrutiny of books, papers, and other publications to assess the "output" of individuals/research teams, organizations, and nations, to identify national and worldwide networks, and to map the creation of new (multi-disciplinary) scientific and technological fields that would be beneficial for the new researchers in the particular field. A scientometric review of 3D printing concrete is carried out in this study to explore the different literature aspects. There are limitations in conventional and typical review studies regarding the capacity of such studies to link various elements of the literature accurately and comprehensively. Some major problematic phases in advanced level research are: co-occurrence, science mapping, and co-citation. The sources with maximum articles, the highly creative researchers/authors known for citations and publications, keywords co-occurrences, and actively involved domains in 3D printing concrete research are explored during the analysis. VOS viewer application analyses bibliometric datasets with 953 research publications were extracted from the Scopus database. The current study would benefit academics for joint venture development and sharing new strategies and ideas due to the graphical and statistical depiction of contributing regions/countries and researchers.
