Association of oral lichen planus and psoriasis: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether psoriasis disease constitutes a risk factor for OLP, by assessing the prevalance of psoriasis in a test group with OLP and the control group without. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A cohort of consecutive patients diagnosed clinically and histologically with OLP between 2014 and 2022 was analyzed. The results were contrasted with those obtained in control series matched for age and sex. The correlations between OLP and sex, age, tobacco, alcohol consumption, and psoriasis were assessed using Pearson chi-square test. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between psoriasis and OLP. For the assessment of the quality of the statistical models, the Akaike information criterion was used. RESULTS: The study involved 1,016 patients; 738 women (72.6%) and 278 men (27.4%). The average age was 59.38 ± 12.55 years. Of 508 patients with OLP, 16 (3.15%) had comorbid psoriasis, and this was 5 (0.98%) in the control group. Age, sex, smoking, and alcohol habits were not predictive variables in the relationship between psoriasis and OLP in these patients. There were statistically significant differences in relation to the number of locations, with greater extension in patients with OLP and psoriasis (P = .002). According to the multivariate analysis, the odds ratio of OLP for psoriasis was 3.13 (95% CI 1.20-9.68). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study showing the potential association between psoriasis and OLP, and the results should be considered to improve knowledge of comorbidity of OLP. Based on the results, it is recommended that clinicians collect data regarding history of psoriasis in patients with OLP, and consider possible multiple intraoral locations.

Risk of Prediabetes and Diabetes in Oral Lichen Planus: A Case-Control Study according to Current Diagnostic Criteria.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). METHODS: Prospective cohort, including consecutive patients diagnosed clinically and histologically with OLP from 2018 to 2022. Patients and controls were matched by age and gender. Fasting plasma glucose value collection from all patients. Multivariate regression analysis evaluated the relationship between prediabetes and diabetes variables according to current diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: The sample comprised 275 patients (207 women; 75.3%), mean age 59.60 ± 12.18 years for both groups. Prediabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA, 100-125 mg/dL), in 21.45% of OLP patients (59/275) and 14.55% (40/275) of control patients (p = 0.035). Patients with the atrophic-erosive form exhibited stronger association with taking oral antidiabetics (p = 0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that being over >60 years and having a cutaneous location was associated with ≥3 sites (OR 1.81 and OR 2.43). ADA prediabetes and oral antidiabetics drugs increased the probability of OLP (OR 1.60 (1.04-2.51), p = 0.03 and OR 2.20 (1.18-4.69), p = 0.017) after adjustment for sex and age. CONCLUSIONS: Because glycemia 100-125 mg/dL was associated with OLP, testing serum fasting plasma glucose seems reasonable in order to prevent development of diabetes and deal with possible complications until new studies are complete.

Complications of Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Metal-Ceramic Prostheses.

We aimed to assess the biological and mechanical-technical complications and survival rate of implants of full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses, during five years of follow-up. 558 implants (of three different brands) retaining 80 full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses were placed in 65 patients, all of whom were examined annually for biological and mechanical-technical complications during the five years of follow-up. Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression were calculated. The cumulative survival rate of the implants was 99.8%, and 98.8% prosthesis-based. Mucositis was the most frequent of the biological complications and peri-implantitis was recorded as 13.8% at restoration-level, 16.9% at patient level and 2.0% at implant level. An implant length greater than 10 mm was shown to be a protective factor against biological complications. The mechanical-technical complications were associated with implant diameter, abutment/implant connection and retention system. Loss of screw access filling was the most frequent prosthetic complication, followed by the fracture of the porcelain. Full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses show a high prevalence of implant and prosthesis survival, with few biological and mechanical-technical complications.

The development of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia in oral lichen planus. A preliminary study

BACKGROUND: Was to describe 14 cases of a proliferative verrucous leukoplakia as a clinical evolution of oral lichen planus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical and histopathological characteristics of 14 cases of OLP that progress towards a plaque-like and verrucous form were indicated, with monitoring over a period of six to 24.3 years. RESULTS: The female/male ratio was 11/3, (78.6 and 21.4%). The mean age when the first biopsy was undertaken was 56.4 years old. None of the patients smoked during the study. As bilateral reticular was clinically diagnostic criterion, the second most frequent clinical form was the plaque form (n=10; 71.4%), followed by the atrophic (n=6; 42.8%), and erosive forms (n=4; 28.5%). Clinically it spread towards attached gingival mucosa and the hard palate. In the histopathologic study, there were a predominance of hyperkeratosis and verrucous epithelial hyperplasia. Three of the cases progressed to a squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient developed two verrucous carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to demonstrate if proliferative multifocal oral lichen planus and proliferative multifocal oral leukoplakia are the same disorder but have different behaviour of malignancy for reasons of origin

Thyroid Disease and Oral Lichen Planus as Comorbidity: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: Thyroid disease has been mentioned to have a possible relation to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP). OBJECTIVE: Because goiter is considered endemic in many countries, we proposed to determine whether thyroid disease constitutes a comorbidity of OLP. METHODS: Two hundred and fifteen patients diagnosed as having OLP were evaluated concerning their serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroxine (T4) levels. The results were contrasted with those obtained in control series of the same number of subjects matched for age and sex. RESULTS: Diagnosis of thyroid disease was present in 15.3% of OLP patients (33/215) and in 5.2% (12/215) of the control group. In relation to OLP patients, the odds ratio of presence of thyroid disorders was 3.06 and that of using levothyroxine medication 3.21. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, OLP patients were associated with thyroid disease, specifically with hypothyroidism. Because most thyroid patients need T4 treatment, our findings confirmed that OLP and thyroid disease could be comorbidities.

Prevalence of black stain and associated risk factors in preschool Spanish children.

BACKGROUND: In pediatric clinical practice, it is common to be asked about the presence of black stains on teeth in children and teenagers. According to controversial etiology, it is known to be related to a low rate of caries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of black stain and associated risk factors in Spanish preschool children. METHODS: A total of 3272 children aged 6 years old (3058 non-emigrant and 214 immigrant children) living in Oviedo (Spain), were enrolled in the present study. RESULTS: The prevalence of black stain was 3.1% in the whole group. The index of primary decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft index) associated with black stain was 0.35 ± 1.123. A statistical association between black stain and the consumption of iron supplements was noted. CONCLUSIONS: The regular consumption of foods rich in iron and the use of iron supplements during pregnancy and early childhood, could favor the development of chromogenic microbiota. The prevalence of black stain did not differ significantly between non-emigrant and immigrant children in Spain.

Diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento en cirugía ortognática / Diagnosis and Treatment Planning in Orthognatic Surgery

La cirugía ortognática es una práctica cada vez más extendida y que, en el momento actual, no se aplica exclusivamente en deformidades dentofaciales extremadamente severas. Debido a sus implicaciones tanto estéticas como funcionales, los pacientes aceptan cada vez con más frecuencia someterse a este tipo de tratamientos. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en mostrar al odontólogo general algunos de los aspectos concernientes al manejo que realiza el cirujano con respecto al diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento de este tipo de deformidades. (AU)