ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción. La prevalencia de uso del cigarrillo electrónico (CE) a nivel mundial ha ido en aumento en los últimos años, especialmente en la población joven. Objetivo. Conocer la frecuencia, percepción y el conocimiento sobre el cigarrillo electrónico en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad privada. Metodología. Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal en el que los datos se recolectaron por medio de una encuesta en formulario de Google. Los estudiantes recibieron vía aplicación de mensajería instantánea un link para responder el cuestionario. Las variables fueron: edad, sexo, uso del cigarrillo electrónico, hábito tabáquico, seguridad, eficacia como método para dejar de fumar, conocimiento sobre la composición del cigarrillo electrónico. Resultados. Respondieron la encuesta 506 estudiantes, de ellos 219 (43,3%) afirmaron utilizar CE. El 54,8% de los usuarios de CE era del sexo masculino y 41,6% tenía entre 22 - 26 años. El 41,0% considera que los CE son seguros, que es un método eficaz para dejar de fumar (57,1%), lo utilizaría para dejar de fumar (68,5%) y que se debería permitir su uso en lugares públicos (57,1%). Un porcentaje importante «desconoce» o considera que «no tienen» en su composición, dietilenglicol/propilenglicol (57,1%), glicerina (57,5%) o nicotina (16%), entre otros compuestos que podrían contener. Conclusión. La frecuencia de uso de CE en estudiantes de medicina de esta universidad es alta, la mayoría apoya su uso y desconoce su composición. Es necesario poner en práctica estrategias de prevención efectivas e informar sobre los riesgos para la salud relacionados con su uso.
ABSTRACT Introduction. The prevalence of electronic cigarette (EC) use worldwide has been increasing in recent years, especially in the young population. Objective. To know the frequency, perception and knowledge about the electronic cigarette in medical students of a private university. Methodology. Observational, descriptive cross-sectional study in which the data was collected through a Google form survey. Students received via instant messaging application a link to answer the questionnaire. The variables were: age, sex, use of the electronic cigarette, smoking habit, safety, efficacy as a method to quit smoking, knowledge about the composition of the electronic cigarette. Results. The survey was answered by 506 students, which 219 (43.3%) stated that they used CE. 54.8% of EC users were male and 41.6% were between 22-26 years old. 41.0% consider that EC is safe, that it is an effective method to quit smoking (57.1%), they would use it to quit smoking (68.5%) and that its use should be allowed in public places (57.1%). A significant percentage «does not know» or considers that they «do not have» in their composition, diethylene glycol/propylene glycol (57.1%), glycerin (57.5%) or nicotine (16%), among other compounds that they could contain. Conclusion. The frequency of EC use in medical students at this university is high, most of them support its use and are unaware of its composition. It is necessary to implement effective prevention strategies and inform about the health risks related to their use.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Tobacco Smoking , Safety , Smoking Cessation , Knowledge , Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the contribution of short femur diaphysis length (FDL) at 19-22 weeks of gestation in the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: The study included singleton pregnant women who underwent a routine anomaly scan at 19-22 weeks of gestation at the Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital (Murcia, Spain) between August 2011 and August 2012. Fetal biometry and Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries were assessed as part of the anomaly scan, and the mean pulsatility index of both uterine arteries was recorded. Maternal obstetric characteristics, such as ethnicity, age, weight, parity, cigarette smoking, and medical history including hypertension and diabetes mellitus were collected from our database system. RESULTS: A total of 6,366 women were included in the study after excluding cases with abnormal karyotype, major fetal abnormalities, or termination of pregnancy. There were 88 cases of preeclampsia (PE) (1.4%). Logistic regression was performed including maternal and fetal characteristics. Short FDL at 19-22 weeks was significantly associated with subsequent development of PE (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.99, p = 0.025). The best model to predict PE from our sample included gestational age at scan, parity, maternal weight, chronic hypertension, mean pulsatility index in the uterine arteries, and FDL (AUC = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71-0.84). Regarding small for gestational age (SGA) neonates, there were also significant differences in FDL and FDL <5th centile between the control group and SGA newborns below the 3rd, 5th, and 10th centile. In the groups of preterm births (delivery before 32, 34, and 37 weeks), there were no differences in FDL compared with the control group (term births). DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that FDL at 19-22 weeks of gestation is an independent predictor of PE and SGA newborns.