ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The ESEMeD-Spain project is an epidemiological study about mental disorders in Spain. We present 12 month-prevalence and lifetime-prevalence of the main mood, anxiety and alcohol use disorders; the influence of sociodemographic factors on its presence and age of onset of the disorders. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Cross-sectional household survey of a representative sample of the population of Spain 18 years or older. Sample size was 5.473 individuals. The WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) was used. Response rate was 78.6%. Results have been weighted to represent the population of Spain. RESULTS: 19.5% of the individuals presented a mental disorder sometime in their lifetime (lifetime-prevalence) and 8.4% in the last 12 months (12 month-prevalence). The most frequent mental disorder was major depressive episode, with a 12-month prevalence of 3.9% and a lifetime-prevalence of 10.5%. The other most lifetime prevalent disorders were specific phobia, alcohol abuse disorder, and dysthymia. Factors associated to presenting a mental disorder were being female, being separated, divorced or widowed, and being unemployed, on sick leave or incapacitated. Social phobia, agoraphobia and specific phobia appear at younger ages, while mood disorders and panic disorder appears later in life. CONCLUSIONS: The ESEMeD-Spain study can provide careful outcomes to understand the impact of mental disorders in Spain.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/epidemiology , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Mood Disorders/epidemiology , Adult , Age of Onset , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Sampling Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: El proyecto ESEMeD-España es un estudio epidemiológico sobre los trastornos mentales en nuestro país. Se presentan la prevalencia-año y prevalencia-vida de los principales trastornos del estado de ánimo, de ansiedad y de abuso de alcohol, así como la influencia de los factores de riesgo sociodemográficos en su presencia y la edad de inicio de los trastornos. Sujetos y método: Encuesta personal domiciliaria realizada a una muestra representativa de la población española mayor de 18 años de 5.473 individuos. El instrumento utilizado fue la versión del Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) desarrollada para la iniciativa Encuestas de Salud Mental de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (WHO World Mental Health Surveys). La tasa de respuesta fue del 78,6%. Los resultados se presentan ponderados a la población española. Resultados: Un 19,5% de las personas presentaron un trastorno mental en algún momento de su vida (prevalencia-vida) y un 8,4% en los últimos 12 meses (prevalencia-año). El trastorno mental más frecuente es el episodio depresivo mayor, que tiene un 3,9% de prevalencia-año y un 10,5% de prevalencia-vida. Después del episodio depresivo mayor, los trastornos con mayor prevalencia-vida son la fobia específica, el trastorno por abuso de alcohol y la distimia. Los factores asociados a padecer un trastorno mental son el sexo femenino, estar separado, divorciado o viudo, y estar desempleado, de baja laboral o con una incapacidad. La fobia social, la agorafobia y la fobia específica aparecen a edades más tempranas. Los trastornos del estado de ánimo (episodio de depresión mayor y distimia), junto con el trastorno de angustia, muestran una aparición más tardía. Conclusiones: El estudio ESEMeD-España puede proporcionar resultados necesarios para conocer el impacto de los trastornos mentales en España
Background and objective: The ESEMeD-Spain project is an epidemiological study about mental disorders in Spain. We present 12 month-prevalence and lifetime-prevalence of the main mood, anxiety and alcohol use disorders; the influence of sociodemographic factors on its presence and age of onset of the disorders. Subjects and method: Cross-sectional household survey of a representative sample of the population of Spain 18 years or older. Sample size was 5.473 individuals. The WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) was used. Response rate was 78.6%. Results have been weighted to represent the population of Spain. Results: 19.5% of the individuals presented a mental disorder sometime in their lifetime (lifetime-prevalence) and 8.4% in the last 12 months (12 month-prevalence). The most frequent mental disorder was major depressive episode, with a 12-month prevalence of 3.9% and a lifetime-prevalence of 10.5%. The other most lifetime prevalent disorders were specific phobia, alcohol abuse disorder, and disthymia. Factors associated to presenting a mental disorder were being female, being separated, divorced or widowed, and being unemployed, on sick leave or incapacitated. Social phobia, agoraphobia and specific phobia appear at younger ages, while mood disorders and panic disorder appears later in life. Conclusions: The ESEMeD-Spain study can provide careful outcomes to understand the impact of mental disorders in Spain
