DNA oxidative damage in oral cancer: 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine immunoexpression assessment.

BACKGROUND: The development and establishment of oral squamous cell carcinoma are confined to carcinogenesis, which involves oxidative stress via oxygen-free radical production as a hydroxyl radical (HO•), considered the most important cause of oxidative damage to basic biomolecules since it targets DNA strands. 8-Hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is considered a free radical with a promutagenic capacity due to its ability to pair with adenosine instead of cytosine during replication. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected 30 paraffin-embedded tissue samples of OSCC from patients treated between 2013 and 2018. We recorded risk habits, disease stage, disease free survival and death with at least 3 years of follow-up. 8-Hydroxyguanosine was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and subsequently classified as weak-moderate or strong positive expression. Additionally, we noted whether it was expressed in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus. RESULTS: Most of the cases expressed 8-OHdG with a strong intensity (80%). All neoplastic cells were preferentially stained in only the cytoplasm (70.0%), but nuclear positivity was found in 30%, independent of the intensity. Based on the location in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus, tumors >4 cm showed a high frequency (95.5%) of 8-OHdG expression in only the cytoplasm, with a significant difference (p value 0.001). Additionally, overall survival was affected when immunoexpression was present in the cytoplasm and nucleus because all deaths were in this group were statistically significant (p value = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: All tumors showed DNA oxidative damage, and 8-OHdG was preferentially expressed in the cytoplasm. This finding was associated with tumor size and, when present in the nucleus, might also be related to death.

Potential effect of chloroquine and propranolol combination to treat colorectal and triple-negative breast cancers.

Drug repositioning explores the reuse of non-cancer drugs to treat tumors. In this work, we evaluated the effect of the combination of chloroquine and propranolol on colorectal and triple-negative breast cancers. Using as in vitro models the colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116, HT29, and CT26, and as triple-negative breast cancer models the 4T1, M-406, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, we evaluated the effect of the drugs combination on the viability, apoptosis, clonogenicity, and cellular migratory capacity. To explore the in vivo effects of the combination on tumor growth and metastasis development we employed graft models in BALB/c, nude, and CBi mice. In vitro studies showed that combined treatment decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and increased apoptosis. Also, we demonstrated that these drugs act synergically and that it affects clonogenicity and migration. In vivo studies indicated that this drug combination was effective on colorectal models but only partially on breast cancer. These results contributed to the search for new and safe treatments for colorectal and triple-negative carcinomas.

PLGA-TiO2 as a Carrier System for Drug Release.

This paper reports the results of the PLGA-TiO2 nanocomposite regarding the green synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using a natural extract, its characterization, and encapsulation with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). UV-visible spectrometry was used for the identification of terpenes present in the extracts. The morphology of the nanoparticles was determined by scanning electron microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy was used for the determination of functional groups, while X-ray diffraction was used to determine the crystal structure. The analysis of the extended release of the encapsulated extract in the matrix of the nanomaterial resulted in a maximum visible UV absorbance at approximately 260 nm and confirmed the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Moreover, terpenes enhance synthesis and stabilize titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The synthesized structures are spherical and amorphous, 44 nm in size, and encapsulated at 65 nm.

Repositioning metformin and propranolol for colorectal and triple negative breast cancers treatment.

Drug repositioning refers to new uses for existing drugs outside the scope of the original medical indications. This approach fastens the process of drug development allowing finding effective drugs with reduced side effects and lower costs. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when the probability of chemotherapy resistance is higher. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer, highly metastatic and difficult to treat. For both tumor types, available treatments are generally associated to severe side effects. In our work, we explored the effect of combining metformin and propranolol, two repositioned drugs, in both tumor types. We demonstrate that treatment affects viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migratory potential of CRC cells as we described before for TNBC. We show that combined treatment affects different steps leading to metastasis in TNBC. Moreover, combined treatment is also effective preventing the development of 5-FU resistant CRC. Our data suggest that combination of metformin and propranolol could be useful as a putative adjuvant treatment for both TNBC and CRC and an alternative for chemo-resistant CRC, providing a low-cost alternative therapy without associated toxicity.

Nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with curcuminoids: Physicochemical characterization, in vitro release, ex vivo skin penetration, stability and antioxidant activity.

Four formulations of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with curcuminoids where prepared, testing two types of solid lipids (Compritol® 888 ATO and Precirol® ATO 5) and two kinds of stabilizers (poloxamer 407 and polysorbate 80). Particle size values between 111 and 214 nm and polydispersity indices < 0.3 were registered, with low Z potential values due to the nonionic character of the stabilizers. The results showed that the type of surfactant had an impact on the in vitro release rate and on the ex vivo skin permeation capability of curcuminoids. Polysorbate 80 delayed the release, but favors the transport of a higher amount of curcuminoids to the receptor solution during the ex vivo permeation studies than the systems with poloxamer 407. Confocal microscopy confirmed that all systems favored the penetration of curcuminoids to deeper layers of the skin and in a greater amount than curcuminoids in solution. Exposure of the systems to intense radiation caused the degradation of curcuminoids, without loss of antioxidant activity, confirming that the degradation products also function as antioxidants. The NLC prepared can be valuable carriers to enhance the penetration of curcuminoids into the skin, to treat different disorders and skin diseases.

Marine Archaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans Enhances Polyphosphate Metabolism Under Persistent Cadmium Stress.

Phosphate metabolism was studied to determine whether polyphosphate (polyP) pools play a role in the enhanced resistance against Cd2+ and metal-removal capacity of Cd2+-preadapted (CdPA) Methanosarcina acetivorans. Polyphosphate kinase (PPK), exopolyphosphatase (PPX) and phosphate transporter transcript levels and their activities increased in CdPA cells compared to control (Cnt) cells. K+ inhibited recombinant Ma-PPK and activated Ma-PPX, whereas divalent cations activated both enzymes. Metal-binding polyP and thiol-containing molecule contents, Cd2+-removal, and biofilm synthesis were significantly higher in CdPA cells >Cnt cells plus a single addition of Cd2+>Cnt cells. Also, CdPA cells showed a higher number of cadmium, sulfur, and phosphorus enriched-acidocalcisomes than control cells. Biochemical and physiological phenotype exhibited by CdPA cells returned to that of Cnt cells when cultured without Cd2+. Furthermore, no differences in the sequenced genomes upstream and downstream of the genes involved in Cd2+ resistance were found between CdPA and Cnt cells, suggesting phenotype loss rather than genome mutations induced by chronic Cd2+-exposure. Instead, a metabolic adaptation induced by Cd2+ stress was apparent. The dynamic ability of M. acetivorans to change its metabolism, depending on the environmental conditions, may be advantageous to remove cadmium in nature and biodigesters.

Cutaneous features of Zika virus infection: a clinicopathological overview.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus transmitted mainly by Aedes species of mosquitos. Although the infection is usually mild and self-limiting, it is emerging as a public health challenge in tropical and subtropical countries owing to its unprecedented pathogenicity and increased risk for fetal malformations and neurological symptoms. Cutaneous manifestations as for other mosquito-borne viruses remain a hallmark of the disease. This article provides a detailed overview on ZIKV infection, including its varied cutaneous clinical manifestations and diagnostic aspects, and also provides detailed insights into its pathogenesis in human skin.

Manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de las lesiones mamarias atípicas / Diagnostic-therapeutic Management of Atypical Breast Lesions

Las lesiones mamarias se dividen histológicamente en dos grandes grupos, malignas y benignas. Las lesiones malignas pueden ser de origen ductal o lobulillar, siendo el carcinoma ductal infiltrante la neoplasia invasiva más frecuente. Las lesiones benignas se clasifican en no proliferativas, proliferativas sin atipias y proliferativas con atipias. Dentro de los dos últimos grupos se encuentran entidades que conllevan un alto riesgo de desarrollar carcinoma de mama, como pueden ser la hiperplasia ductal atípica, la cicatriz radial o la neoplasia lobular. Revisamos en qué consisten dichas entidades y cuáles son sus características principales en imagen, fundamentalmente en mamografía y ecografía. Si tras realizar una biopsia se obtiene uno de esos diagnósticos histológicos, es importante analizar las características imagenológicas y el tipo de procedimiento realizado (número de cilindros obtenidos, calibre de aguja...), para realizar un adecuado manejo posterior. En algunos casos la actitud a seguir será la extirpación quirúrgica completa de la lesión, mientras que en otros se podrá realizar una extirpación percutánea (mediante biopsia con aguja de vacio), o incluso seguimiento estricto por imagen. Mediante diferentes casos mostraremos nuestra experiencia y analizaremos la literatura vigente para recordar esas entidades y llegar a un consenso adecuado sobre el manejo de las mismas.

Breast lesions are divided histologically into two large groups, malignant and benign. Malignant lesions may be of ductal or lobular origin, with infiltrating ductal carcinoma being the most frequent invasive neoplasm. Benign breast lesions are classified as proliferative, proliferative without atypia and proliferative with atypia. Within the last two classifications are entities that carry a high risk of developing breast carcinoma, such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, radial scar or lobular neoplasia. We review what these entities consist of and what are their fundamental characteristics in image, fundamentally in mammography and ultrasound. When we perform one of these histological diagnoses after a biopsy, it is important to analyze the radiological characteristics and the type of procedure performed (number of cylinders, needle gauge ...) to perform an appropriate posterior management. In some cases the attitude to be followed will be the complete surgical removal of the lesion, while in others a percutaneous excision (through vacuum needle biopsy) or even strict image follow-up may be performed. Through different cases we will show our experience and analyze current literature to remember these entities and reach an adequate management consensus.

Generalized pustular psoriasis triggered by Zika virus infection.

Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus, which is expanding in epidemic proportions through tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Although Zika is linked to a number of congenital and neurological complications, there is scarce knowledge on the impact of ZIKV infection in human skin. We report the case of a 68-year old woman who presented with generalized pustular psoriasis after a preceding and otherwise uneventful episode of ZIKV infection. Based on recent experimental data on the biology of ZIKV infection in the cutaneous environment, we speculate that ZIKV may have directly triggered the development of generalized pustular psoriasis by stimulation of keratinocyte-derived mediators of inflammation and a polyfunctional T-cell driven immune reaction in the cutaneous milieu.

Microsurgical reconstruction in limb salvage due to a giant cell tumor of the distal radius. Case report.

The giant cell tumor of bone is one of the most controversial neoplasms due to growth patterns that may present. The case reported shows a very aggressive tumor in a classic location, but key to hand function. Rather than treat with radical surgery, was planned and performed a wide resection with an ulnar-carpus arthrodesis and microsurgical reconstruction of the defect throught an anterolateral thigh flap. The multidisciplinary approach of bone neoplasms produce a positive impact on patients.

El tumor óseo de células gigantes es una de las neoplasias más controversiales debido a los patrones de crecimiento que pueden presentar. El caso reportado muestra un tumor muy agresivo en una localización clásica, pero clave para la función de la mano. En lugar de tratarla mediante cirugía radical, se planeó y realizó una resección amplia con artrodesis cúbito-carpiana y la reconstrucción microquirúrgica del defecto mediante un colgajo anterolateral de muslo. El abordaje multidisciplinario de las neoplasias óseas repercute positivamente en los pacientes.

Antimicrobial Activity of a Cationic Guanidine Compound against Two Pathogenic Oral Bacteria.

This study evaluated the potential antimicrobial properties of a polyguanidine (CatDex) on two oral bacteria. Chlorhexidine gluconate 1340 µmoL L-1 (CHX 0.12%) was used as control. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) were grown in BHI media. Bacterial sensitivity and antimicrobial activity were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Kirby-Bauer methods. To study side effects, that is, toxicity, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were used. Fluorometric cytotoxicity and confocal microscopy assays were used in order to test cell viability. CatDex inhibited growth of S. mutans at all concentrations and growth of P. gingivalis at all concentrations except 25 µmoL L-1. The MIC of CatDex was 50 µmoL L-1 for both S. mutans and P. gingivalis. The inhibition of bacteria exposed for 8 h at 50 µmoL L-1 of CatDex exhibited increased antimicrobial activity over time, with 91% inhibition in both bacteria. The antimicrobial activities of CatDex and CHX were similar when tested on two common bacteria. CatDex was significantly less toxic to DPSCs. CatDex toxicity depended on time and not on concentration. With regard to clinical relevance, CatDex may have potential as a novel antimicrobial agent. Further studies are in progress.

Fifteen minutes of daily contact with sexually active male induces ovulation but delays its timing in seasonally anestrous goats.

The present experiment was conducted to determine (1) whether the sexually active bucks are able to stimulate the ovulatory activity of seasonal anestrous goats when the daily contact is reduced to 15 min/day during 15 days and (2) the exact ovulatory activity in anestrous goats exposed to bucks for 2 hours or less per day during 15 days. One group of goats (n = 15) was isolated from bucks. The other six groups (n = 15 each) were exposed to sexually active bucks (n = 1 each) for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, or 24 hours during 15 days. Goats with plasma concentrations of progesterone greater than 0.5 ng/mL were considered to have ovulated. More than 93% of females exposed to bucks ovulated throughout the experiment regardless of the duration of contact with males, whereas none of them ovulated in the isolated group (P < 0.0001). The proportions of females that ovulated at least once did not differ among groups as well as the proportions of goats that displayed normal or short ovulatory cycles. The interval between the introduction of males and the first ovulation did not differ among groups of goats in contact with bucks for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, or 2 hours. However, in these groups, this ovulation occurred about 2 days later than in females in contact with males during 4 or 24 hours (6.3 vs. 4.4 days; P < 0.05). We conclude that 15 minutes of daily contact with sexually active buck is sufficient to stimulate the ovulatory activity in seasonally anestrous goats, but the first ovulation is delayed in goats exposed to males for 2 h/day or less during 15 days in comparison with those in contact with males for 4 or 24 h/day.

Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Type 1 Gaucher Disease in Argentina.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of osteoporosis (OP) in patients with Gaucher disease (GD) in Argentina. GD patients from 28 centers were consecutively included from April 2012 to 2014. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and the femoral neck or the total proximal femur for patients ≥20 yr of age, and by whole-body scan in the lumbar spine in patients <20 yr of age. In children, mineral density was calculated using the chronological age and Z height. OP diagnosis was determined following adult and pediatric official position of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry. A total of 116 patients were included, of which 62 (53.5%) were women. The median age was 25.8 yr. All patients received enzyme replacement therapy, with a median time of 9.4 yr. Normal BMD was found in 89 patients (76.7%), whereas low bone mass (LBM) or osteopenia was found in 15 patients (13%) and OP in 12 patients (10.3%). The analysis of the pediatric population revealed that 4 patients (9.3%) had LBM and 3 (7%) had OP (Z-score ≤ -2 + fractures height-adjusted by Z), whereas in the adult population (n = 73), 11 patients (15%) had LBM or osteopenia and 9 (12.3%) had OP. Bone marrow infiltration and the presence of fractures were significantly correlated with the presence of OP (p = 0.04 and <0.001, respectively). This is the first study in Argentina and in the region describing the frequency of OP or LBM in GD patients treated with imiglucerase using the official position of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry.

Biocide tolerance in Salmonella from meats in Southern Spain.

Salmonella serovars sampled from meat products in Southern Spain (Andalucía) during the period 2002-2007 were analyzed in this study. The serovars most frequently detected (in order) were Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Derby, Anatum and Rissen. Isolates (n = 43) were tested for sensitivity to biocides, including the quaternary ammonium compounds benzalkonium chloride (BC), cetrimide (CT) and hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HDP), and the bisphenols triclosan (TC) and hexachlorophene (CF). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the quaternary ammonium compounds was in the range of 25 to 50 mg/L for most isolates, although a few isolates required much higher concentrations, up to 250 mg/L. Bisphenols showed higher inhibitory activity, with a MIC of 2.5 to 25 mg/L. A few isolates showed a "non-wildtype" MIC for TC of up to 250 mg/L. These results indicate a low incidence of tolerance towards quaternary ammonium compounds and triclosan among Salmonella from meats and meat products.

Manejo y administración de hemoderivados por personal de enfermería en un hospital de segundo nivel / Handling and management of blood-derived products by the nursing staff in a second level hospital

Introducción: El manejo y administración de hemoderivados es una actividad que realiza el personal de enfermería, por lo cual es de gran importancia tener presente que un uso inadecuado de éstos puede tener consecuencias graves en los pacientes, siendo fundamental el buen desempeño del personal de enfermería para la práctica segura. Objetivo: Evaluar el desempeño de enfermería en el manejo y administración de hemoderivados en un hospital de segundo nivel. Métodos: Estudio de diseño transversal. Se incluyeron enfermeras durante el 1º Enero al 30 junio del 2013. Se utilizó un instrumento validado que consta de 4 criterios con 27 ítems de respuestas dicotómicas para identificar el desempeño en el manejo y ministración de hemoderivados. La población fue dividida por categoría contractual. Análisis estadístico: prueba Chi-cuadrada y/ exacta de Fisher. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 110 observaciones a personal de enfermería que administró hemoderivados. Se obtuvo un índice de eficiencia global parcial (IEG) parcial a excelente de 64.5%. No se encontró asociación en el turno (p=0.16), servicio (p=0.31) y/o categoría contractual (p=0.25). Los porcentajes de excelente en el IEF fueron bajos (por turno: matutino y nocturno de 10 y 13 respectivamente, medicina interna y cirugía general 5 y 7%, y conforme a la categoría contractual, la enfermera general obtuvo en excelente sólo el 7.5%). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados nos alertan para implantar programas de capacitación a enfermeras, para otorgar atención de calidad, disminuyendo los riesgos que comprometan la vida del paciente.

Introduction: Handling and managing blood-derived products is a nursing staff activity and thus, it is very important to keep in mind that an inadequate handling of these products can have serious consequences on patients. Therefore, a safe practice from the nursing staff is fundamental. Objective: To assess the nursing performance related to the handling and management of blood-derived products in a second level hospital. Methods: A transversal study design. Nurses were observed from January 1 to June 30, of 2013. A validated instrument with 27 dichotomy-items, and based on 4 criteria, to assess the handling and management of blood-derived products was used. The population was divided by contractual category. Statistical analysis: Chi square and/or Fisher exact test. Results: A total of 110 observations to the nursing staff handling and managing blood-derived products were included. An index of global efficiency (IGE) of partial to excellent of 64.5% was obtained. No associations were found with shift (p=.16), service (p=.31) and/or contractual category (p=.25). The percentages of excellent in the IEF were low (per shift: morning and night of 10 and 13 respectively; per service: internal medicine and general surgery 5 and 7%, and according to the contractual category, overall excellent nurse obtained only 7.5%). Conclusions: Our results encourage us to foster training programs for nurses in order to enhance the quality of care and also decrease the life risks on the patients.

Produção de óleo essencial de Melissa officinalis L. em diferentes épocas, sistemas de cultivo e adubações / Essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. at differents seasons, systems of planting and fertilizations

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a biomassa, o rendimento e a composição de óleo essencial de Melissa officinalis L. submetida a diferentes épocas de plantio, sistemas de cultivo, e adubações. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados (DBC), em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2, sendo duas épocas de plantio (verão e inverno), dois sistemas de cultivo (estufa e campo), e dois tipos de adubação (mineral e orgânica). A colheita consistiu no corte de todas as plantas da parcela útil. Após a colheita, foi avaliada a massa fresca foliar, a altura de plantas, o comprimento e largura das folhas. A extração de óleo essencial foi realizada por hidrodestilação e a composição química foi analisada em cromatógrafo gasoso acoplado a espectrômetro de massas. Das substâncias encontradas, prevaleceram como constituintes majoritários os monoterpenos geranial e neral na colheita de verão, e geranial, neral e citronelal na colheita de inverno. As condições do ambiente protegido e do verão propiciaram melhor biomassa de melissa, maior rendimento de óleo essencial, e maior taxa do constituinte citral.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the biomass, yield and composition of essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. under differents seasons, systems of planting and fertilizations. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD), in a factorial 2 x 2 x 2 with two seasons of harvest (summer and winter), two systems of planting (greenhouse and field) and two types of fertilizer (mineral and organic). The harvest consisted of cutting all plants of central line. After harvest, it were evaluated the leaf fresh weight, height of the plant, length and width of the leaves. The essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition was performed by gas chromatography coupled by mass spectrometry. The major constituents were geranial and neral in summer harvest and geranial, neral and citronellal in winter harvest. The conditions of the greenhouse and the summer presented the better biomass, higher yield of oil and higher rate of citral.

El equipo multidisciplinario en la hendidura labio palatina: revisión bibliográfica / The multidisciplinary team in the cleft lip and palate: literature review

El niño(a) que nace con una malformación congénita como es la hendidura labio palatina lleva consigo una serie de alteraciones físicas, emocionales y psicológicas cuya corrección implica diversos tratamientos, los que deben ser realizados por múltiples especialistas, con un resultado alentador a largo plazo. El enfoque multidisciplinario en el primer momento del nacimiento de estos niños(as) es importante para lograr la rehabilitación de estos pacientes y de esta forma disminuir los niveles de ansiedad que enfrentan los padres ante la presencia de ésta anomalía. El objetivo de este artículo es dar una revisión de la literatura destacando la importancia del equipo multidisciplinario en el abordaje de la hendidura labio palatina

The child that is born with a congenital malformation since is the crack lip court ride I carries on his back a series of physical, emotional and psychological alterations which correction implies diverse treatments, which they must be realized for multiple specialists, with an encouraging long-term result. The multidisciplinary approach in the first moment of the birth of these children is important to achieve the rehabilitation of these patients and of this form to diminish the levels of anxiety that the parents face before the presence of this anomaly. The aim of this article is to give a review of the literature emphasizing the importance of the multidisciplinary equipment in the boarding of the crack lip court

Estudio cualitativo de la familia del niño con hendidura labio palatina / Qualitative study of the family of the child with cleft lip and palate

Para una familia, el nacimiento de un hijo con una malformación como la hendidura labio palatina (HLP) es un hecho que genera un fuerte impacto psicológico en los padres. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general explorar las vivencias, conocimientos y sentimientos de los padres y/o madres de hijos con HLP, con el fin de tener una visión general acerca de cómo un hijo con este tipo de malformación marca la dinámica familiar, lo cual contribuirá con la orientación posterior de familias que confronten ésta situación. Los objetivos específicos que se persiguieron fueron los siguientes: a) Conocer el impacto psicológico que causó en los padres y familiares el nacimiento de un niño con HLP y su evolución posterior. b) Explorar el conocimiento que poseen los padres de niños con HLP acerca de este tipo de malformación. c) Explorar la evolución de los sentimientos de los padres de niños con HLP, en relación con el problema de su hijo. d) Conocer las creencias de los padres alrededor de la malformación congénita de HLP. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa y se llevó a cabo a partir del método de la teoría fundamentada por lo que el análisis se hizo a partir de los procesos de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, de acuerdo a lo propuesto por Strauss y Corbin1. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a siete familias, orientadas a recolectar información que permitió la identificación de emociones, creencias y conductas de los padres y familiares de niños nacidos con HLP. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que esta malformación es etiquetada como una pequeñita broma por los especialistas médicos, hecho que desencadena una serie de reacciones emocionales intensas que marcan la dinámica familiar y el desarrollo posterior del niño malformado

For a family, the birth of a child with a congenital cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a fact that generates a strong psychological impact on parents. This study aimed to explore the experiences generally, knowledge and feelings of parents and / or mothers of children with HLP, in order to get an overview of how a child with this type of malformation brand family dynamics, which will contribute to the further guidance of families confront this situation. The specific objectives pursued were: a) To know the psychological impact it had on parents and families the birth of a child with HLP and its subsequent evolution. b) Exploring the knowledge possessed by parents of children with HLP about this type of malformation. c) Explore the development of feelings of parents of children with HLP, in relation to the problem of your child . d) Knowing the parental beliefs about HLP congenital malformation. We used a qualitative methodology and was conducted from grounded theory method so the analysis was done from the processes of open coding, axial and selective, according to what was proposed by Strauss and Corbin1. Depth interviews were conducted in seven families, aimed at collecting information that allowed the identification of emotions, beliefs and behaviors of parents and families of children born with CLP. The results show that this malformation is labeled as a tiny joke by medical specialists, a fact that triggers a series of intense emotional reactions that make the family dynamics and the later development of the child malformed

Aislamiento y caracterización de las células madre mesenquimales de la pulpa dentaria humana / Isolation and characterization of stem cells mesenchymal of human dental pulp

Las células madre mesenquimales de la pulpa dentaria han surgido como una herramienta promisoria en la medicina regenerativa. El objetivo de la presente investigación es establecer el cultivo de las células madre mesenquimales de la pulpa dentaria humana. Estas fueron aisladas de terceros molares retenidos de pacientes entre 15 y 24 años, con técnica de disgregación enzimática y cultivadas en medio DMEM-F12, suplementado con 15% de SFB , 100 ?M L-ácido ascórbico 2-fosfato, 2 mM L-glutamina, 100 U/mL de penicilina, 100 µg/mL de estreptomicina y 2 µg/mL de anfotericina B . Las células fueron observadas diariamente bajo microscopio. Pruebas inmunohistoquímicas mostraron en las poblaciones de células aisladas la existencia de células mesenquimales STRO-1+, marcador de células madre mesenquimales, también expresaron CD146+ y no expresaron CD45-, marcador de células hematopoyéticas. Las células aisladas mostraron capacidad de autorrenovación y eficiencia de formación de colonias. En el presente estudio, en las poblaciones de células aisladas se identificaron células con características de células madre mesenquimales, como su capacidad de adherirse a las placas plásticas en cultivo, formar colonias altamente proliferativas, su morfología fusiforme y la expresión consistente de marcadores de superficie que caracteriza células madre mesenquimales adultas de pulpa dentaria. Sin embargo, faltaría determinar su capacidad de diferenciación para cumplir con los criterios básicos para definirlas como células madre

Mesenchymal stem cells dental pulp-derived have emerged as a promising tool in regenerative medicine. The objective of the present investigation is to establish the culture of mesenchymal stem cells of dental pulp human. The dental pulp mesenchymal cells were isolated from impacted third molars of patients between 15-24 year-old. The dental pulp tissue was extracted, enzymatic digestion technique and culture in medium DMEM-F12, supplemented with 15% de SFB , 100 ?M L-ascorbic acid 2- phosphate, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL de penicillin, 100 µg/mL de streptomycin y 2 µg/mL de amphotericin B. Cells were observed daily under microscope. Immunocytochemistry tests showed cells STRO-1+ mesenchymal stem cell marker. These cells also expressed CD146+ and no expressed CD45- hematopoietic stem cell marker. The isolated cells showed self-renewal capabilities and colony-forming efficiency. In this study, isolated cell populations were identified cells with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, such as its ability to adhere to plastic culture plates, highly proliferative colony forming, fusiform morphology and consistent expression of surface markers characterized adult mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp. However, missing differentiating their ability to meet the basic criteria to define them as stem cells