ABSTRACT
Low male participation in voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services at antenatal clinics (ANCs) represents a lost HIV-prevention opportunity. A three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted that offered VCT at a neighbourhood health centre, bar or church to the male partners of pregnant women attending a maternity unit in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The primary outcome was the proportion of male participation at VCT; secondary outcomes were uptake of couple counselling and determinants of male and couple participation. From a total of 2706 women included in the study, 591 male partners (22%) attended one of the three venues. Male participation was significantly higher in bars (26%, P < 0.001), and higher but not statistically significant in church-based VCT (21%, P = 0.163) compared with health centre VCT (18%). Male participation in VCT associated with ANCs was higher in non-health service settings, particularly in bars. A combination of different strategies rather than single targeted interventions will be needed to increase VCT uptake in male partners of women seeking VCT at ANCs.
Subject(s)
Counseling/methods , Prenatal Care/methods , Sexual Partners , Voluntary Programs/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Chi-Square Distribution , Counseling/statistics & numerical data , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Female , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Religion , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
We present the results of a prospective single blind placebo controlled study performed to establish whether vitamin B6 supplementation of isoniazid therapy is useful in childhood tuberculosis. Eighty-five children suffering from tuberculosis (TB) and admitted between 1 October 1993 and 31 March 1995 to the Hospital of IME-Kimpese (Lower Zaire) were included. All were treated with isoniazid and other antitubercular drugs and were randomized to receive either vitamin B6 supplementation or placebo. No case of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorder was observed in the two groups during the 6 months of the treatment and 3 months after the treatment. These results suggest that the vitamin B6 supplementation of isoniazid therapy is unnecessary in childhood TB.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Pyridoxine/therapeutic use , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Prospective Studies , Single-Blind Method , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Meningoencephalitis/parasitology , Trypanosomiasis, African/congenital , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Trypanosomiasis, African/diagnosis , Trypanosomiasis, African/transmissionABSTRACT
Les auteurs presentent les resultats d'une enquete retrospective courant du 1er janvier 1990 au 31 decembre 1993 et portant l'evaluation de l'efficacite clinique d'un regime therapeutique de charge par la quinine en perfusion intraveineuse au cours du neuropaludisme chez l'enfant. Le regime therapeutique utilise consiste en une perfusion intraveineuse de 20 mg de quinine par kilo de poids corporel dans le serum glucose a 5 pour cent (10 mg de quinine pour 10 ml de serum glucose a 5 pour cent). Le temps de perfusion est de 4 heures; la perfusion est suivie par des doses orales de quinine (30mg par Kilo de poids corporel par 24 heures en 3 prises) pendant 7 jours. Sous ce traitement; 76 pour cent de malades ont eu une recuperation clinique totale; le taux de letalite est de 18 pour cent et le taux de sequelles 6 pour cent. 98 pour cent d'enfants ayant consulte endeans les 24 heures du debut des manifestations neurologiques ont eu une recuperation clinique totale. La conscience est recuperee chez 66 pour cent des cas endeans les 24 heures de l'instauration du traitement. 83 pour cent de l'ensemble de sequelles et 100 pour cent de deces sont rencontres dans le groupe d'enfants ayant consulte au dela de 48 heures du debut des manifestations neurologiques. Ces resultats temoignent entre autres de l'efficacite du schema therapeutique utilise
Subject(s)
MalariaABSTRACT
Les auteurs presentent les resultats d'une etude prospective realisee du 1er octobre 1993 au 31 mars 1995 chez 85 enfants tuberculeux ages de 5 mois a 15 ans dans le service de Pediatrie de l'hopital de l'Institut Medical Evangelique de Kimpese; Bas-Zaire et portant sur l'interet de la Vitamine B6 associee a l'Isoniazide (INH) dans le traitement antituberculeux chez l'enfant. Deux groupes d'etudes ont ete constitues: un groupe recevant la Vitamine B6 et un autre groupe recevant le placebo. Au terme de l'etude; aucune manifestation neurologique ou neuropsychiatrique n'a ete objectee dans l'un ou l'autre groupe. Ces resultats temoignent de l'inutilite de l'association de la vitamine B6 a l'INH dans le traitement antituberculeux chez l'enfant
