ABSTRACT
Stress and anxiety may be found in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral lichen planus (OLP). Cortisol, sometimes referred to as the "stress hormone," has been employed as a stress predictor. Therefore, it is of interest to estimate the levels of depression, anxiety and serum cortisol and establish correlation between them in patients with OL. OLP and OSMF. There were 240 patients, aged 20 years to 45 years, who were divided into four categories (OL, OSMF, OLP and control) of 60 patients apiece. In the supervision of a psychiatrist, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM D) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM (A) questionnaires were filled out. Five millilitres of venous blood were extracted using standard aseptic technique, and all of the samples were examined for serum cortisol level. Anxiety and depression was found in subjects of OL, OSMF and OLP at advanced stages. It was inferred that serum cortisol level was statistically correlated with depression and anxiety in patients with OL, OSMF and OLP.
Subject(s)
Curcuma , Nigella sativa , Double-Blind Method , Humans , Oral Submucous Fibrosis , Piper nigrumABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of turmeric with black pepper and nigella sativa in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). STUDY DESIGN: Forty OSMF patients were randomly divided into two groups. The study was performed under a double-blind, randomized design. Group A received turmeric with black pepper and group B received nigella sativa for 3 months. Clinical evaluation was done every 15 days. Patients' serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assessed before and after treatment and also compared with healthy controls. The response to treatment was analyzed using analysis of variance, paired t test, and unpaired t test. RESULTS: After the treatment, groups A and B showed 3.85 ± 0.22 mm and 3.6 ± 0.07 mm improvement in mouth opening, respectively (P < .01); 87.90% and 78.91% reduction in burning sensation, respectively (P < .01); and +0.62 U/mL and +0.74 U/mL improvement in serum SOD levels, respectively (P < .05). The maximum mouth opening achieved was 8 mm in group A and 7 mm in group B. The mean pretreatment SOD level for controls and patients was 3.61 ± 0.24 U/mL in group A and 2.63 ± 0.18 U/mL in group B. CONCLUSION: Turmeric with black pepper and nigella sativa improved mouth opening, burning sensation, and SOD levels in the present OSMF study patients; however, further investigations are needed.