Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome type II: A rare case report.

MRKH syndrome, or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, a rare congenital disease, manifests as a complete or partial aplasia of the uterus and the vagina's upper two-thirds with normal external genitalia and functioning ovaries. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome can occur in isolation (type I) or in conjunction with other congenital extragenital deformities affecting the kidneys, skeleton, heart, eyes, or auditory system (type II). The diagnosis of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome typically relies on imaging studies, with transabdominal ultrasonography serving as the primary modality. However, magnetic resonance imaging is considered the gold standard for detailed assessment of internal genital anatomy. We present the case of an 18-year-old woman without any notable medical history who exhibited primary amenorrhea. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome type II was suspected on pelvic ultrasound and subsequently confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was provided with psychological assistance and planned for vaginoplasty.

The challenging diagnosis of synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: A rare case report.

Considered rare, the synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a distinct clinical entity, associating skin manifestations and osteoarticular symptoms. Anterior chest wall pain centered at sternoclavicular and sternocostal joints is an important and characteristic clinical finding that can lead to its diagnosis. Radiologists and clinicians must be aware of synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome as it can mimic some of the more common disease entities such as Paget's disease. We report the case of a 63-year-old male patient, with no significant medical history, who presented to the dermatology department, with severe palmar and plantar pustulosis associated with polyarthralgia. Computerized tomography scan showed sternoclavicular hyperostosis, in favor of SAPHO syndrome, with regression of clinical symptoms after non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment.

Gastric diverticulum mimicking a left renal mass: A case report.

Gastric diverticula are a rare condition; they are divided into true diverticula, which are congenital, and pseudodiverticula, which are acquired. True diverticula are usually located in the posterior fundus wall, below the esophagogastric junction, and appear on abdominal computed tomography as a cystic mass that is commonly taken for an extra digestive mass, especially adrenal mass. We report the case of an asymptomatic 24-year-old female patient with gastric diverticulum who was mistakenly diagnosed in ultrasound with a renal mass.

Spine tuberculosis with an intercurrent active pulmonary location in a high incidence country: A rare case report.

Spinal tuberculosis usually presents as destroyed contiguous vertebral bodies associated with intervertebral discs and paravertebral or psoas abscesses. Atypical forms are uncommonly reported. Vertebral involvement without disk destruction is a rare form that improves satisfactorily after appropriate medical management. We report the case of a 36-year-old male who had spine tuberculosis without disk involvement, associated with intercurrent active pulmonary location with good clinical improvement after treatment and follow-up imaging showing spectacular regression of bone lesions. By reporting this case, we also review the literature on this rare form of tuberculosis.

Acute toxic hippocampal encephalopathy in heavy cannabis users: A case report.

Cannabis use is increasing rapidly among young people worldwide despite the deleterious effects of this toxic substance on health. We report a case of acute hippocampal encephalopathy in a heavy cannabis user (8-10 joints/d for 6 years) who presented with a nonfebrile status epilepticus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral and symmetrical high-signal abnormalities in the hippocampal regions. The damage to these regions is often severe, long-lasting, and sometimes irreversible. Therefore, every doctor (emergency doctor, resuscitator, neurologist...) is asked to request a brain MRI in case of neurological signs in a young cannabis user.

Sigmoid diverticulitis mimicking a urinary bladder tumor: A rare case report.

Urothelial cell carcinomas represent the vast majority of urinary bladder tumors. However, many inflammatory and non-neoplastic conditions can mimic a urinary bladder malignancy. In that matter, diverticulitis can progress into colovesical fistula formation with a bladder wall abscess that can mimic a pseudo mass. Nonetheless, the presence of a bladder wall mass, usually requires pathologic examination. We report the case of a 60 year old woman with recurrent urinary infections due to a focal bladder mass revealing a colovesical fistula as a complication of sigmoid diverticulitis.

Primary extra hepatic hydatid cyst of the kidney: A case report.

Human echinococcosis (hydatid disease) is highly endemic in Morocco and reemerging as a significant public health problem in this country. It is a cyclozoonotic infection introduced by Echinococcus granulosus, that can invade any organ in the human body. The liver is the mostly affected organ, which is the primary site of human infestation, followed by lungs. Renal involvement by hydatid disease is commonly secondary, occurring owing to primary cyst rupture or disseminated disease. Primary renal localization, often presented as solitary cysts with no visceral involvement, is uncommon even in endemic zone. Herein, a rare cause of renal mass due to an isolated hydatid cyst in a 56-year-old woman who presented with ambiguous left flank pain for the last 10 years. Findings imaging did not reveal any other localizations of hydatid disease. For this scolicidal effect and to prevent peritoneal seeding, the patient was placed on albendazole 400 mg. Three weeks later, the surgery was performed successfully with a left total nephrectomy.

Chronic abdominal pain revealing a gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are mesenchymal neoplasms most frequently seen in the stomach and small intestine, arising in the muscularis propria of the intestinal wall. Given its nonspecific clinical presentation, it can represent a diagnostic challenge, especially in abdominopelvic locations. Lesion evaluation of abdominopelvic tumors can be difficult and lead to misinterpretation in assessing their origin. We report the case of an 84-year-old woman with a voluminous small bowel GIST mimicking a uterine neoplasm.

Adrenal Abscess in a Chronic Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report.

Adrenal gland abscesses are rare lesions usually reported to be caused by fungal pathogens and typically through hematogenous spread from other primary sources of infection. Imaging has always been known to play a major role in the characterization of focal adrenal lesions. However, given the rare occurrence of abscesses in this location, making the right diagnosis remains challenging. We report the case of a 39-year-old man with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis presenting with signs of sepsis and left upper quadrant pain revealing a left adrenal gland abscess.

Primitive rectal melanoma: A rare case report.

Mucosal melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma distinct from the cutaneous type in its clinical and biological aspects, requiring different therapeutical management. Anorectal melanomas represent less than 1% of anorectal cancers and 0.3% of malignant melanomas, and they are by far the most studied type. Proctologic examination, colonoscopy, and biopsy can establish a correct diagnosis. Imaging techniques, especially MRI can show some characteristic features, but it is essentially performed for extension assessment. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who consulted for rectal bleeding. The proctological examination found a brownish ulcerative-vegetating tumor of 3 cm in diameter located 3 cm from the anal rim. The endoscopic examination revealed a predominance of ulcerative budding lesions and the biopsy specimen confirmed a rectal melanoma. The extension assessment, based on a computed tomography scan and MRI did not show locoregional or distant metastases. Radiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection with pelvic node dissection was the treatment of choice with good evolution.

Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Pancreatitis of the groove, or paraduodenal pancreatitis, is a rare form of chronic segmental pancreatitis, located between the head of the pancreas, the inner wall of the duodenum, and the common bile duct. Alcohol abuse is misoften found in the history. The diagnosis is made on the basis of CT and MRI data. Clinical signs usually regress under symptomatic medical treatment. The main differential diagnosis is pancreatic carcinoma, which sometimes requires surgical exploration. We report the case of a 51 years old man presenting paraduodenal pancreatitis with heterotopic pancreas revealed by epigastric pain.

Trichobezoar: A Rare Cause of Gastric Obstruction.

Trichobezoar is a rare disorder of the young girl with a psychiatric profile. It is suspected when there is a notion of trichophagia, although its clinical manifestations are non-specific. Imaging through CT scan, plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis of extensive forms.

Pituitary hyposignal characteristic of hemochromatosis on MRI.

Pituitary haemochromatosis is an endocrine disorder caused by the accumulation of iron due to a lack of absorption during haemochromatosis. The characteristic appearance on MRI is a T2 and T2* hyposignal of the anterior pituitary gland without enhancement, respecting the pituitary stalk and the posterior pituitary gland.

Retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

Paragangliomas are rare tumors of the neuroendocrine system that form near certain blood vessels (paraaortic and carotid) and nerves, often presenting heterogeneous parenchyma and displaying strong contrast enhancement on computed tomography. Underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of this tumor are suspected as they can be silent, of small size, or confused with other structures.

Pubic and ischial sarcoidosis: a single bone lesion.

Bone sarcoidosis is very rarely indicative of the disease. When bone lesion is associated with lung and lymph node involvement, diagnosis can be made based on clinical and imaging features. When bone lesion is isolated, it is difficult to differentiate it from bone metastases because they both have similar appearance in imaging: in this case, the diagnosis is made by bone biopsy with histological study. We report the case of a 61-year-old male with a lytic lesion of the right ischio pubic ramus which appears to be aggressive whose biopsy revealed bone sarcoidosis.

Unusual case of small bowel intussusception in adult revealing a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hyperpigmented mucocutaneous macules, hamartomatous polyps of the small intestine, and family history. These hamartomatous polyps can cause intermittent abdominal pain, chronic anemia, or even intussusception. Imaging has an important role in the diagnosis of this syndrome but also in the identification of complications and periodic surveillance. Here, we present a demonstrative case of a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with intussusception in a 16-year-old patient.

A rare case: Spontaneous gastric fistula from a hydatid cyst of the liver.

The hydatid cyst is a worldwide anthropozoonosis, which constitutes a health issue in Northern Africa. It may involve any organ, but it mostly affects the liver. This often asymptomatic disease can lead to multiple complications. Among them, spontaneous fistulization of a hepatic hydatid cyst in the stomach is exceptional even in endemic countries. We report the case of a 38-year-old female with febrile biliary colics due to a hydatid cyst of the liver fistulized in the stomach. The diagnosis was established based upon different clinical, biological and mainly radiological features. She received surgical treatment with satisfactory postoperative outcome.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum as an unusual complication of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is to consider in COVID-19 patients with progressive respiratory deterioration. It possibly reflects extensive alveolar injury and prompts close monitoring. Although generally self-limiting, it could be lifeߚthreatening.

Left circumflex artery fistula to left atrium: a rare case report.

Coronary artery fistulas are rare congenital anomalies of coronary termination. There are 3 types: (1) cameral coronary fistulas, (2) pulmonary coronary fistulas, and (3) bronchial coronary fistulas. Left circumflex coronary artery to left atrial fistula are exceptional. Imaging, especially the CT angiogram, must establish an anatomical classification of the fistula for therapeutic purposes, by specifying its origin, its path, its size and its termination. We report a rare case of the left circumflex coronary artery to left atrial fistula in a 31 year old man, which is an uncommon presentation of coronary termination anomalies. The CT coronary angiogram must describe the origin segment of the fistula and the drainage site which have therapeutic consequences.