Prognostic value of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase 1 (PIN1) in human malignant tumors.

BACKGROUND: PIN1, a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, specifically can regulate phosphorylation of proteins on serine/threonine residues that precede proline and has critical roles in cell proliferation and transformation. Many studies have revealed that overexpression of PIN1 is involved in the malignant biological behavior of various cancers, but to date, no meta-analyses have evaluated PIN1 clinical and prognostic value in patients with malignant tumors. METHODS: We retrieved related articles from PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases up to April 20, 2019. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were used to estimate the correlation of PIN1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes. The methodology was according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies containing 2574 patients with various tumors were included in this analysis. Pooled results showed that PIN1 overexpression was significantly associated with the advanced clinical stages of cancer (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.78), positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.15-2.37) and poor prognosis (HR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.55-3.74), although no correlation with poor differentiation was found. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that high expression of PIN1 can be considered as a risk factor for progression and invasion of malignant tumors and thus may serve as a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for human solid tumors.

Effect of Different Dietary Threonine Levels on Optimal Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology in 1-14 Days Old Ross 308 Broilers

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of four levels of dietary threonine (Thr) supplementations on growth performance, gut size and histomorphometric alterations of small intestines in broiler chicks in 1-14 days. Two hundred eighty-eight Ross 308 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates (12 birds per replication) received a common diet based on corn, wheat and soybean meal that met nutrients requirement of Ross 308. Birds were fed dietary treatments consisting of four levels of standardized digestible (SD) Thr: control diets (Basal diets) containing 0.65% SD Thr, 0.89% SD Thr (nutrients requirement of Ross 308), 0.93% and 0.97% SD Thr. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured at 1, 7 and 14 days old. Morphometric analysis of small intestine was carried out to investigate the effect of Thr levels on development of small intestines in starter period of broiler chicks. Results indicated that Thr levels improved FCR (quadratic effect, p=0.044) and BWG (quadratic effect, p=0.0009) for broilers given the diets containing 0.89% SD Thr in the starter period compared to other treatments (p 0.05). Furthermore, villus height and muscular thickness in duodenumand muscular thickness in jejunum were increased by this treatment (p 0.05). Villus width was increased by Thr treatments comparing to control group, as well. In conclusion, broiler performance and intestinal morphometry were improved by Thr supplementation which were efficiently obtained by 0.89% SD Thr in the first two weeks of the broiler´s diet.

Effect of Different Dietary Threonine Levels on Optimal Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology in 1-14 Days Old Ross 308 Broilers

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of four levels of dietary threonine (Thr) supplementations on growth performance, gut size and histomorphometric alterations of small intestines in broiler chicks in 1-14 days. Two hundred eighty-eight Ross 308 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates (12 birds per replication) received a common diet based on corn, wheat and soybean meal that met nutrients requirement of Ross 308. Birds were fed dietary treatments consisting of four levels of standardized digestible (SD) Thr: control diets (Basal diets) containing 0.65% SD Thr, 0.89% SD Thr (nutrients requirement of Ross 308), 0.93% and 0.97% SD Thr. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured at 1, 7 and 14 days old. Morphometric analysis of small intestine was carried out to investigate the effect of Thr levels on development of small intestines in starter period of broiler chicks. Results indicated that Thr levels improved FCR (quadratic effect, p=0.044) and BWG (quadratic effect, p=0.0009) for broilers given the diets containing 0.89% SD Thr in the starter period compared to other treatments (p 0.05). Furthermore, villus height and muscular thickness in duodenumand muscular thickness in jejunum were increased by this treatment (p 0.05). Villus width was increased by Thr treatments comparing to control group, as well. In conclusion, broiler performance and intestinal morphometry were improved by Thr supplementation which were efficiently obtained by 0.89% SD Thr in the first two weeks of the broiler´s diet.(AU)