Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome type II: A rare case report.

MRKH syndrome, or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, a rare congenital disease, manifests as a complete or partial aplasia of the uterus and the vagina's upper two-thirds with normal external genitalia and functioning ovaries. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome can occur in isolation (type I) or in conjunction with other congenital extragenital deformities affecting the kidneys, skeleton, heart, eyes, or auditory system (type II). The diagnosis of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome typically relies on imaging studies, with transabdominal ultrasonography serving as the primary modality. However, magnetic resonance imaging is considered the gold standard for detailed assessment of internal genital anatomy. We present the case of an 18-year-old woman without any notable medical history who exhibited primary amenorrhea. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome type II was suspected on pelvic ultrasound and subsequently confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was provided with psychological assistance and planned for vaginoplasty.

The challenging diagnosis of synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: A rare case report.

Considered rare, the synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a distinct clinical entity, associating skin manifestations and osteoarticular symptoms. Anterior chest wall pain centered at sternoclavicular and sternocostal joints is an important and characteristic clinical finding that can lead to its diagnosis. Radiologists and clinicians must be aware of synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome as it can mimic some of the more common disease entities such as Paget's disease. We report the case of a 63-year-old male patient, with no significant medical history, who presented to the dermatology department, with severe palmar and plantar pustulosis associated with polyarthralgia. Computerized tomography scan showed sternoclavicular hyperostosis, in favor of SAPHO syndrome, with regression of clinical symptoms after non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment.

Cystic adrenal mass revealing a pheochromocytoma in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia: A case report.

Pheochromocytoma, a neuroendocrine tumor, represents a rare medical condition characterized by the excessive secretion of catecholamines. These tumors often exhibit distinctive features on imaging studies, notably appearing hypervascular. Furthermore, they may present as cystic masses with thin walls, a characteristic that becomes more evident following the administration of contrast medium. The cystic form of adrenal pheochromocytoma, as exemplified in our case, is particularly uncommon, thus underscoring the importance of recognizing its atypical presentation. Accurate diagnosis hinges on a thorough understanding of both the clinical manifestations and radiological findings suggestive of pheochromocytoma. However, definitive confirmation typically necessitates histological examination of the surgical specimen post-adrenalectomy. By shedding light on this rare variant, our case emphasizes the critical role of comprehensive diagnostic approaches in managing such complex medical conditions. Additionally, it underscores the significance of multidisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists to ensure timely and accurate diagnosis, ultimately guiding appropriate treatment strategies and optimizing patient outcomes.

Cystitis glandularis mimicking a bladder tumor: A rare case report.

Cystitis glandularis is a rare benign condition, occurring in only 1% of the general population, and it tends to affect males more frequently. This pathology is characterized by reactive metaplasia of the bladder's urothelium, which results from chronic and recurrent irritation of the bladder wall. Symptoms are nonspecific and primarily marked by an irritative urinary syndrome accompanied by hematuria. We present a case of a young male patient with cystitis glandularis, discovered as a result of bilateral uretero-hydronephrosis detected during an ultrasound examination subsequent to an irritative urinary syndrome. The diagnosis was initially suggested by a CT scan; it was ultimately histologically confirmed following the endoscopic resection of the tumor.

Gastric diverticulum mimicking a left renal mass: A case report.

Gastric diverticula are a rare condition; they are divided into true diverticula, which are congenital, and pseudodiverticula, which are acquired. True diverticula are usually located in the posterior fundus wall, below the esophagogastric junction, and appear on abdominal computed tomography as a cystic mass that is commonly taken for an extra digestive mass, especially adrenal mass. We report the case of an asymptomatic 24-year-old female patient with gastric diverticulum who was mistakenly diagnosed in ultrasound with a renal mass.

Spine tuberculosis with an intercurrent active pulmonary location in a high incidence country: A rare case report.

Spinal tuberculosis usually presents as destroyed contiguous vertebral bodies associated with intervertebral discs and paravertebral or psoas abscesses. Atypical forms are uncommonly reported. Vertebral involvement without disk destruction is a rare form that improves satisfactorily after appropriate medical management. We report the case of a 36-year-old male who had spine tuberculosis without disk involvement, associated with intercurrent active pulmonary location with good clinical improvement after treatment and follow-up imaging showing spectacular regression of bone lesions. By reporting this case, we also review the literature on this rare form of tuberculosis.

Acute toxic hippocampal encephalopathy in heavy cannabis users: A case report.

Cannabis use is increasing rapidly among young people worldwide despite the deleterious effects of this toxic substance on health. We report a case of acute hippocampal encephalopathy in a heavy cannabis user (8-10 joints/d for 6 years) who presented with a nonfebrile status epilepticus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral and symmetrical high-signal abnormalities in the hippocampal regions. The damage to these regions is often severe, long-lasting, and sometimes irreversible. Therefore, every doctor (emergency doctor, resuscitator, neurologist...) is asked to request a brain MRI in case of neurological signs in a young cannabis user.

Sigmoid diverticulitis mimicking a urinary bladder tumor: A rare case report.

Urothelial cell carcinomas represent the vast majority of urinary bladder tumors. However, many inflammatory and non-neoplastic conditions can mimic a urinary bladder malignancy. In that matter, diverticulitis can progress into colovesical fistula formation with a bladder wall abscess that can mimic a pseudo mass. Nonetheless, the presence of a bladder wall mass, usually requires pathologic examination. We report the case of a 60 year old woman with recurrent urinary infections due to a focal bladder mass revealing a colovesical fistula as a complication of sigmoid diverticulitis.

Chronic abdominal pain revealing a gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are mesenchymal neoplasms most frequently seen in the stomach and small intestine, arising in the muscularis propria of the intestinal wall. Given its nonspecific clinical presentation, it can represent a diagnostic challenge, especially in abdominopelvic locations. Lesion evaluation of abdominopelvic tumors can be difficult and lead to misinterpretation in assessing their origin. We report the case of an 84-year-old woman with a voluminous small bowel GIST mimicking a uterine neoplasm.

Adrenal Abscess in a Chronic Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report.

Adrenal gland abscesses are rare lesions usually reported to be caused by fungal pathogens and typically through hematogenous spread from other primary sources of infection. Imaging has always been known to play a major role in the characterization of focal adrenal lesions. However, given the rare occurrence of abscesses in this location, making the right diagnosis remains challenging. We report the case of a 39-year-old man with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis presenting with signs of sepsis and left upper quadrant pain revealing a left adrenal gland abscess.

Isolated perineal endometriosis? Yes ... an exceptional location.

Endometriosis is a nonmalignant condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Perineal endometriosis, an uncommon occurrence, involves the presence of endometrial tissue in the superficial perineum. In this report, we present a unique case of a 40-year-old woman with no known history of endometriosis. She had undergone an episiotomy 10 months prior and presented with swelling in the left perineal region, with no signs of inflammation or fever. To investigate the condition, a pelvic MRI was performed, revealing a rounded collection in the left perineal area, leading to the suspicion of perineal endometriosis based on the patient's pain pattern and medical history. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed after drainage.

Primitive rectal melanoma: A rare case report.

Mucosal melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma distinct from the cutaneous type in its clinical and biological aspects, requiring different therapeutical management. Anorectal melanomas represent less than 1% of anorectal cancers and 0.3% of malignant melanomas, and they are by far the most studied type. Proctologic examination, colonoscopy, and biopsy can establish a correct diagnosis. Imaging techniques, especially MRI can show some characteristic features, but it is essentially performed for extension assessment. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who consulted for rectal bleeding. The proctological examination found a brownish ulcerative-vegetating tumor of 3 cm in diameter located 3 cm from the anal rim. The endoscopic examination revealed a predominance of ulcerative budding lesions and the biopsy specimen confirmed a rectal melanoma. The extension assessment, based on a computed tomography scan and MRI did not show locoregional or distant metastases. Radiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection with pelvic node dissection was the treatment of choice with good evolution.

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations: A case report.

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformation is a rare benign vascular malformation, of various locations, which can reveal itself at any age in its abdominal localizations. The retroperitoneal localization of this malformation is extremely rare. The clinical symptomatology is polymorphic depending on the lesion volume and the presence or absence of complications. The diagnosis is evoked by the liquid character of the retroperitoneal mass on ultrasound, CT scan and abdomino-pelvic MRI, brought during surgery and confirmed by the histological study of the surgical specimen. The treatment of choice is complete surgical removal of the mass.

Central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 2: A case report.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 (phacomatosis) is a rare inherited autosomal dominant condition defined by the development of numerous central neuronal tumors. In addition to classic intracranial schwannomas, intracranial and spinal meningiomas, and intramedullary ependymomas, it can be associated with a few cutaneous abnormalities. In this report, we discuss the case of a 21-year-old female who was examined for persistent headache with cutaneous masses and bilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cranium and the whole spine detected multiple meningiomas, intracranial, and intramedullary tumors.

Multiple scrotal and testicular epidermoid cysts: A rare case report.

Epidermoid cysts are benign lesions occurring on the skin usually; however, it rarely occurs in the scrotum or testicular area, and even more rarely the association of multiple epidermal cysts on the scrotum and testis. We report a case of multiple epidermal cysts on the scrotum and testis of a 40-year-old man who consulted for scrotal nodules. To our best knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature. In this paper, we will discuss the histogenesis, the ultrasound features, and the complications of scrotal and testicular epidermal cysts.

Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Pancreatitis of the groove, or paraduodenal pancreatitis, is a rare form of chronic segmental pancreatitis, located between the head of the pancreas, the inner wall of the duodenum, and the common bile duct. Alcohol abuse is misoften found in the history. The diagnosis is made on the basis of CT and MRI data. Clinical signs usually regress under symptomatic medical treatment. The main differential diagnosis is pancreatic carcinoma, which sometimes requires surgical exploration. We report the case of a 51 years old man presenting paraduodenal pancreatitis with heterotopic pancreas revealed by epigastric pain.

Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: A case report.

Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) or leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a sporadic benign disease characterized by several solid peritoneal smooth muscle nodules that proliferate along the abdominopelvic cavity. The source of the condition is undetermined, although suspected causes include iatrogenic and hormonal stimulation. It primarily affects women of reproductive age. Imaging investigations are important in determining the extent of lesions and the presence of malignancy. There are no conventional therapeutic guidelines for the therapy of DPL, hence the risk of malignant transformation is low. We discuss the case of a 41-year-old woman who had a previous laparoscopic hysterectomy and presented 4 years later with numerous peritoneal tumors the diagnosis of DPL was suspected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and confirmed by histology.

Intraperitoneal tuberculosis abscess: A rare form of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is related to high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Extra-pulmonary forms are increasing in incidence. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary locations, especially abdominal, is often difficult because the clinical and biological signs are not specific, leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. The intraperitoneal tuberculosis abscess is a particular radio-clinical entity, due to its atypical and confusing symptomatology. We report the case of a 36-year-old female patient who had a peritoneal tuberculosis abscess manifested by diffuse abdominal pain in a febrile context.

Pituitary hyposignal characteristic of hemochromatosis on MRI.

Pituitary haemochromatosis is an endocrine disorder caused by the accumulation of iron due to a lack of absorption during haemochromatosis. The characteristic appearance on MRI is a T2 and T2* hyposignal of the anterior pituitary gland without enhancement, respecting the pituitary stalk and the posterior pituitary gland.