Chemical composition and protein quality comparisons of soybeans and soybean meals from five leading soybean-producing countries.

Soybeans (SBs) were obtained from five leading SB-producing countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, India, and the United States), imported to the United States, and processed into soybean meal (SBM) under uniform conditions in the United States. SBs from China had the highest crude protein (CP) content while SBs and the resultant SBM from Argentina had the lowest. Additional differences in the quality of the SB and resultant SBM samples collected were noted. An additional set of SBM produced in these five countries and subjectively evaluated to be of low, intermediate, and high quality also were obtained and evaluated. Overall, SBM quality affected amino acid and mineral concentrations with differences existing both among and within countries. SBM produced in the United States had a higher CP content than SBM produced in other countries. Amino acid concentrations generally increased, and antinutritional factors decreased with increasing subjective quality assessment.

Giardiasis / Giardiasis

Una vez que los quistes de Giardia son expulsados del huesped mueren rapidamente si son deshidratados, pero pueden sobrevivir hasta dos meses en aguas frias con temperaturas de 8 C. Por tanto, las giardiasis se transmiten por la ingestion de heces o aguas contaminadas. Generalmente la infeccion produce diarrea, en las formas subaguda o cronica se pueden desarrollar signos y sintomas adicionales de malestar intestinal

Effectiveness of allopurinol against Leishmania braziliensis panamensis in Aotus trivirgatus.

Orally administered allopurinol at 50 mg/kg for 21 days showed pronounced antileishmanial activity against experimentally induced lesions of Leishmania braziliensis panamensis on the nose of Panamanian Aotus trivirgatus monkeys, with complete healing in 4 of 5, although parasitologic cure was achieved in only 2 of 5. The same total daily dose of drug, given in a divided dose twice daily, resulted in complete healing in all 5, and parasitologic cure in 4 of 5 animals. Standard treatment controls receiving 40 mg/kg of antimony stibogluconate intramuscularly for 15 days showed healing in 4 of 5 monkeys. It is not known if a similar level of effectiveness would result with this dose of allopurinol in humans, since Aotus may have a different pattern of metabolic conversion of the drug to the more active riboside.

The Montenegro reaction in guinea pigs infected by Leishmania enriettii and the effect of antigens prepared from various Leishmania isolates

All antigens (leishmanin) prepared from nine isolates of Leishmania gave positive skin tests in guinea pigs infected with L. enriettii. However, variation in potency was observed and ascribed to batch variation. It is recommended that biological testing of leishmanin is considered before use in field surveys or as an aid to clinical diagnosis.