Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
: 20 | 50 | 100
1 - 5 de 5
1.
Bioengineering (Basel) ; 11(3)2024 Feb 22.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38534478

Ascending aortic aneurysm (AAoA) is a silent disease with high mortality; however, the factors associated with a worse prognosis are not completely understood. The objective of this observational, longitudinal, single-center study was to identify the hemodynamic patterns and their influence on AAoA growth using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), focusing on the effects of geometrical variations on aortic hemodynamics. Personalized anatomic models were obtained from angiotomography scans of 30 patients in two different years (with intervals of one to three years between them), of which 16 (53%) showed aneurysm growth (defined as an increase in the ascending aorta volume by 5% or more). Numerically determined velocity and pressure fields were compared with the outcome of aneurysm growth. Through a statistical analysis, hemodynamic characteristics were found to be associated with aneurysm growth: average and maximum high pressure (superior to 100 Pa); average and maximum high wall shear stress (superior to 7 Pa) combined with high pressure (>100 Pa); and stress load over time (maximum pressure multiplied by the time interval between the exams). This study provides insights into a worse prognosis of this serious disease and may collaborate for the expansion of knowledge about mechanobiology in the progression of AAoA.

2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 115(4): 680-687, out. 2020. graf
Article Pt | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1131356

Resumo Fundamento O implante valvar aórtico percutâneo (TAVR, do inglês Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) reduz a mortalidade de pacientes portadores de estenose aórtica grave. O conhecimento da distribuição da pressão e tensão de cisalhamento na parede aórtica pode ajudar na identificação de regiões críticas, onde o processo de remodelamento aórtico pode ocorrer. Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo de simulação computacional da influência do posicionamento do orifício valvar protético na hemodinâmica na raiz de aorta e segmento ascendente. Objetivos A presente análise apresenta um estudo da variação do padrão de fluxo devido a alterações no ângulo do orifício valvar. Métodos Um modelo tridimensional foi gerado a partir do exame de angiotomografia computadorizada da aorta de um paciente que foi submetido ao procedimento de TAVR. Diferentes vazões de fluxo foram impostas através do orifício valvar. Resultados Pequenas variações no ângulo de inclinação causaram mudanças no padrão de fluxo, com deslocamento na posição dos vórtices, na distribuição de pressão e no local de alta tensão cisalhante na parede aórtica. Conclusão Essas características hemodinâmicas podem ser importantes no processo de remodelamento aórtico e distribuição de tensão, além de auxiliar, em um futuro próximo, a otimização do posicionamento da prótese valvar percutânea. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Abstract Backgroud Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can reduce mortality among patients with aortic stenosis. Knowledge of pressure distribution and shear stress at the aortic wall may help identify critical regions, where aortic remodeling process may occur. Here a numerical simulation study of the influence of positioning of the prosthetic valve orifice on the flow field is presented. Objective The present analysis provides a perspective of great variance on flow behavior due only to angle changes. Methods A 3D model was generated from computed tomography angiography of a patient who had undergone a TAVR. Different mass flow rates were imposed at the inlet valve. Results Small variations of the tilt angle could modify the nature of the flow, displacing the position of the vortices, and altering the prerssure distribution and the location of high wall shear stress. Conclusion These hemodynamic features may be relevant in the aortic remodeling process and distribution of the stress mapping and could help, in the near future, the optimization of the percutaneous prosthesis implantation. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Humans , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Aorta , Aortic Valve/surgery , Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Prosthesis Design , Treatment Outcome , Computed Tomography Angiography , Hemodynamics
3.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 115(4): 680-687, 2020 10.
Article En, Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32491131

BACKGROUD: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can reduce mortality among patients with aortic stenosis. Knowledge of pressure distribution and shear stress at the aortic wall may help identify critical regions, where aortic remodeling process may occur. Here a numerical simulation study of the influence of positioning of the prosthetic valve orifice on the flow field is presented. OBJECTIVE: The present analysis provides a perspective of great variance on flow behavior due only to angle changes. METHODS: A 3D model was generated from computed tomography angiography of a patient who had undergone a TAVR. Different mass flow rates were imposed at the inlet valve. RESULTS: Small variations of the tilt angle could modify the nature of the flow, displacing the position of the vortices, and altering the prerssure distribution and the location of high wall shear stress. CONCLUSION: These hemodynamic features may be relevant in the aortic remodeling process and distribution of the stress mapping and could help, in the near future, the optimization of the percutaneous prosthesis implantation. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).


FUNDAMENTO: O implante valvar aórtico percutâneo (TAVR, do inglês Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) reduz a mortalidade de pacientes portadores de estenose aórtica grave. O conhecimento da distribuição da pressão e tensão de cisalhamento na parede aórtica pode ajudar na identificação de regiões críticas, onde o processo de remodelamento aórtico pode ocorrer. Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo de simulação computacional da influência do posicionamento do orifício valvar protético na hemodinâmica na raiz de aorta e segmento ascendente. OBJETIVOS: A presente análise apresenta um estudo da variação do padrão de fluxo devido a alterações no ângulo do orifício valvar. MÉTODOS: Um modelo tridimensional foi gerado a partir do exame de angiotomografia computadorizada da aorta de um paciente que foi submetido ao procedimento de TAVR. Diferentes vazões de fluxo foram impostas através do orifício valvar. RESULTADOS: Pequenas variações no ângulo de inclinação causaram mudanças no padrão de fluxo, com deslocamento na posição dos vórtices, na distribuição de pressão e no local de alta tensão cisalhante na parede aórtica. CONCLUSÃO: Essas características hemodinâmicas podem ser importantes no processo de remodelamento aórtico e distribuição de tensão, além de auxiliar, em um futuro próximo, a otimização do posicionamento da prótese valvar percutânea. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).


Aortic Valve Stenosis , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement , Aorta , Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve/surgery , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Computed Tomography Angiography , Hemodynamics , Humans , Prosthesis Design , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(3): 231-240, Sept. 2017. graf
Article En | LILACS | ID: biblio-887921

Abstract Background: Due to the nature of the percutaneous prosthesis deployment process, a variation in its final position is expected. Prosthetic valve placement will define the spatial location of its effective orifice in relation to the aortic annulus. The blood flow pattern in the ascending aorta is related to the aortic remodeling process, and depends on the spatial location of the effective orifice. The hemodynamic effect of small variations in the angle of inclination of the effective orifice has not been studied in detail. Objective: To implement an in vitro simulation to characterize the hydrodynamic blood flow pattern associated with small variations in the effective orifice inclination. Methods: A three-dimensional aortic phantom was constructed, reproducing the anatomy of one patient submitted to percutaneous aortic valve implantation. Flow analysis was performed by use of the Particle Image Velocimetry technique. The flow pattern in the ascending aorta was characterized for six flow rate levels. In addition, six angles of inclination of the effective orifice were assessed. Results: The effective orifice at the -4° and -2° angles directed the main flow towards the anterior wall of the aortic model, inducing asymmetric and high shear stress in that region. However, the effective orifice at the +3° and +5° angles mimics the physiological pattern, centralizing the main flow and promoting a symmetric distribution of shear stress. Conclusion: The measurements performed suggest that small changes in the angle of inclination of the percutaneous prosthesis aid in the generation of a physiological hemodynamic pattern, and can contribute to reduce aortic remodeling.


Resumo Fundamento: Devido à natureza do processo de liberação da prótese percutânea, é esperada uma variabilidade do posicionamento final da válvula. A localização da prótese irá definir a posição espacial do seu orifício efetivo em relação ao ânulo aórtico. O padrão do fluxo sanguíneo em aorta ascendente está relacionado ao processo de remodelamento aórtico, além de ser dependente da disposição espacial do orifício efetivo. O efeito hemodinâmico de pequenas variações na angulação do orifício efetivo ainda não foi estudado em detalhes. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi implementar uma simulação in vitro do fluxo sanguíneo para caracterização do padrão hidrodinâmico, associado a pequenas variações na inclinação do orifício efetivo. Métodos: Para esse fim, foi construído um fantoma aórtico tridimensional, que reproduziu a anatomia de um paciente submetido ao implante valvar percutâneo. A análise de fluxo foi realizada através da técnica de Velocimetria por Imagens de Partícula. O padrão de escoamento em aorta ascendente foi caracterizado para seis níveis de vazão de fluxo. Além disso, foram estudados seis inclinações do orifício efetivo. Resultados: O estudo demonstrou que o orifício efetivo nos ângulos -4° e -2° direcionaram o fluxo principal para a parede anterior do modelo aórtico, induzindo um cisalhamento assimétrico e elevado nessa região. Por outro lado, os ângulos +3° e +5° mimetizam o padrão fisiológico, centralizando o fluxo principal e promovendo uma distribuição simétrica do cisalhamento. Conclusão: As medições realizadas sugerem que pequenas alterações angulares na prótese percutânea auxiliam na geração de um padrão hemodinâmico fisiológico, podendo contribuir para menor remodelamento aórtico.


Humans , Male , Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Posture , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Shear Strength/physiology , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Computed Tomography Angiography , Models, Anatomic
5.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 109(3): 231-240, 2017.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28793046

Background: Due to the nature of the percutaneous prosthesis deployment process, a variation in its final position is expected. Prosthetic valve placement will define the spatial location of its effective orifice in relation to the aortic annulus. The blood flow pattern in the ascending aorta is related to the aortic remodeling process, and depends on the spatial location of the effective orifice. The hemodynamic effect of small variations in the angle of inclination of the effective orifice has not been studied in detail. Objective: To implement an in vitro simulation to characterize the hydrodynamic blood flow pattern associated with small variations in the effective orifice inclination. Methods: A three-dimensional aortic phantom was constructed, reproducing the anatomy of one patient submitted to percutaneous aortic valve implantation. Flow analysis was performed by use of the Particle Image Velocimetry technique. The flow pattern in the ascending aorta was characterized for six flow rate levels. In addition, six angles of inclination of the effective orifice were assessed. Results: The effective orifice at the -4° and -2° angles directed the main flow towards the anterior wall of the aortic model, inducing asymmetric and high shear stress in that region. However, the effective orifice at the +3° and +5° angles mimics the physiological pattern, centralizing the main flow and promoting a symmetric distribution of shear stress. Conclusion: The measurements performed suggest that small changes in the angle of inclination of the percutaneous prosthesis aid in the generation of a physiological hemodynamic pattern, and can contribute to reduce aortic remodeling.


Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Posture , Shear Strength/physiology , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods , Aged , Computed Tomography Angiography , Humans , Male , Models, Anatomic , Printing, Three-Dimensional
...