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1.
Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg ; 44(2): 291-298, 2018 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28921171

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: There is a lack of association between coagulation biomarkers and long-term mortality in severe trauma. We aimed to investigate the association between coagulation biomarkers on admission and outcome of late stage of trauma. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients admitted with severe trauma between 2012 and 2015. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of coagulation biomarkers to determine 28-day mortality. Head Abbreviated Injury Scale scores greater than 3 were defined as traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality and the secondary outcome was massive transfusion. RESULTS: Of the 1266 patients included in the study, 28-day mortality rate was 19.7% (n = 249) and 7.9% (n = 100) of patients received massive transfusion. The AUROC of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) to fibrinogen ratio had a significantly higher prognostic performance than other markers. Multivariate analysis revealed that D-dimer level [odds ratio (OR) 1.033; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.016-1.051] and FDP/fibrinogen ratio (OR 1.007; 95% CI 1.001-1.013) were independently associated with 28-day mortality. D-dimer (OR 1.028; 95% CI 1.003-1.055) and FDP/fibrinogen ratio (OR 1.035; 95% CI 1.012-1.058) were associated with 28-day mortality in the TBI group. In the non-TBI group, D-dimer was associated with 28-day mortality (OR 1.033; 95% CI 1.008-1.059), but the FDP/fibrinogen ratio was not. FDP/fibrinogen ratio, not D-dimer level, was an independent predictor for massive transfusion (OR 1.005; 95% CI 1.001-1.010). CONCLUSIONS: High FDP/fibrinogen ratio on arrival is a predictor of 28-day mortality and the requirement for massive transfusion in severe trauma.


Subject(s)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/blood , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/analysis , Fibrin/analysis , Multiple Trauma/mortality , Aged , Blood Transfusion , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/complications , Female , Humans , Injury Severity Score , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Trauma/blood , Multiple Trauma/complications , Prognosis , Republic of Korea , Retrospective Studies
3.
Vet Pathol ; 47(3): 518-28, 2010 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20382821

ABSTRACT

In situ detection of ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) and the phenotypic identification of the cells that harbor OPPV have not been described for the OPPV-affected tissues, which include lung, mammary gland, synovial membranes of the carpal joint, and choroid plexus of the brain. In this study, the authors first developed a single enzyme-based automated immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for detection of OPPV capsid antigen (CA) on OPPV-affected tissues, using 2 anti-CAEV CA monoclonal antibodies, 5A1 and 10A1, and 2 enzyme-based IHC systems. Out of 10 naturally and persistently OPPV-infected ewes, OPPV CA was detected in intercellular regions of the carpal synovial membrane of 1 ewe, in cells resembling alveolar macrophages and pulmonary interstitial macrophages in lung tissue of 3 ewes, and in mammary alveolar cells of 1 ewe. Furthermore, dual enzyme-based automated IHC analyses revealed that OPPV CA was predominantly detected in CD172a- or CD163-positive alveolar macrophages of the lungs and mammary gland. That anti-inflammatory (CD163) and downregulatory (CD172a) types of alveolar macrophage harbor OPPV CA leads to the possibility that during persistent infection with OPPV, the host alveolar macrophage might serve to limit inflammation while OPPV persists undetected by the host adaptive immune response in the lung and mammary gland.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Lentivirus Infections/veterinary , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine/immunology , Macrophages, Alveolar/virology , Sheep Diseases/virology , Animals , Antigens, CD/analysis , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis , Capsid/immunology , Choroid Plexus/virology , Female , Lentivirus Infections/immunology , Lentivirus Infections/virology , Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology , Mammary Glands, Animal/virology , Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/immunology , Synovial Membrane/virology
5.
Vet Pathol ; 44(1): 116-8, 2007 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17197636

ABSTRACT

Anaplasma marginale has recently been shown to infect endothelial cells in vitro, but it remains unknown as to whether endothelial infection also occurs in vivo. In this report, we demonstrate through dual fluorescence microscopy that A marginale, detected by the monoclonal antibody ANAF16C1, co-localizes with the endothelial cell marker, von Willebrand factor, in tissue sections from an experimentally inoculated calf. The results indicate that A marginale infection includes endothelial cells and has implications for both pathogenesis and immune mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Anaplasma marginale/growth & development , Anaplasmosis/microbiology , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Endothelial Cells/microbiology , Kidney Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Cattle , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , Kidney Diseases/microbiology , Microscopy, Fluorescence/veterinary , von Willebrand Factor/metabolism
7.
Acta Radiol ; 44(3): 252-7, 2003 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12751994

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Automated methods for the detection of pulmonary nodules and nodule volume calculation on CT are described. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gray-level threshold methods were used to segment the thorax from the background and then the lung parenchyma from the thoracic wall and mediastinum. A deformable model was applied to segment the lung boundaries, and the segmentation results were compared with the thresholding method. The lesions that had high gray values were extracted from the segmented lung parenchyma. The selected lesions included nodules, blood vessels and partial volume effects. The discriminating features such as size, solid shape, average, standard deviation and correlation coefficient of selected lesions were used to distinguish true nodules from pseudolesions. With texture features of true nodules, the contour-following method, which tracks the segmented lung boundaries, was applied to detect juxtapleural nodules that were contiguous to the pleural surface. Volume and circularity calculations were performed for each identified nodule. The identified nodules were sorted in descending order of volume. These methods were applied to 827 image slices of 24 cases. RESULTS: Computer-aided diagnosis gave a nodule detection sensitivity of 96% and no false-positive findings. CONCLUSION: The computer-aided diagnosis scheme was useful for pulmonary nodule detection and gave characteristics of detected nodules.


Subject(s)
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Humans , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
8.
Am J Surg ; 180(1): 37-40, 2000 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11036137

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Roux stasis syndrome is characterized by symptoms of upper gut stasis following Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. The aim of this study was to compare a new type of uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy with the conventional Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy after subtotal gastrectomy. METHODS: 51 patients (31 men and 20 women) had the conventional Roux-en-Y reconstruction and 54 patients (38 men and 16 women) had the new type of uncut Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The new type of uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy consisted of an artificial jejunal occlusion and a short Roux limb (20 to 30 cm). RESULTS: The criteria included one of the four following conditions at the time of follow-up: chronic abdominal pain, postprandial fullness, persistent nausea, and intermittent vomiting that are worsened by eating. According to the criteria, the Roux stasis syndrome occurred in 19 patients (37.3%) with conventional Roux-en-Y reconstruction, and in 10 patients (18.5%) with uncut Roux-en-Y reconstruction (P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: A new type of Roux operation is able to alleviate not only the Roux stasis syndrome but also alkaline reflux gastritis or esophagitis by preserving motility of the Roux limb and diversion of duodenal juice from the gastric remnant.


Subject(s)
Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y/methods , Jejunum/surgery , Stomach/surgery , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y/adverse effects , Duodenum , Esophagitis, Peptic/prevention & control , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gastrectomy/rehabilitation , Gastric Emptying , Gastritis/prevention & control , Gastrointestinal Motility , Humans , Intestinal Secretions/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Nausea/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Vomiting/etiology
9.
Radiology ; 217(1): 139-44, 2000 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11012436

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe the computed tomographic (CT) findings of heterotopic pancreas in the stomach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT findings in 12 patients with heterotopic pancreas in the stomach were reviewed. Surgical resection (n = 11) or endoscopic excision (n = 1) was performed in cases of symptomatic heterotopic pancreas (n = 4), suspected submucosal tumors (n = 7), and gastric carcinoma (n = 1). Seven patients underwent helical CT with water as an oral contrast agent; five underwent nonhelical CT with water-soluble contrast material. RESULTS: Nine heterotopic pancreata were in the antrum and one each was in the body, fundus, and perigastric fat. Seven lesions were on the greater curvature aspect; five, on the lesser curvature aspect. Common CT findings were well-defined oval or round masses with smooth or serrated margins in the gastric antral wall. Four of the seven lesions in which helical CT was performed enhanced similarly to normal pancreas. Preoperatively, CT depicted 11 of the 12 lesions, but CT findings were interpreted correctly as heterotopic pancreas in only two; the remaining 10 were misinterpreted as other lesions. Atypical findings were cystic dilatation of heterotopic pancreatic duct in two, unusual location in the fundus or perigastric fat in two, and malignant transformation in one. CONCLUSION: CT findings of heterotopic pancreas in the stomach appear to be nonspecific for diagnosis, except for location.


Subject(s)
Choristoma/diagnostic imaging , Pancreas , Stomach Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Male , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Cancer Genet Cytogenet ; 117(2): 97-103, 2000 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10704677

ABSTRACT

Genetic changes leading to the development of gastric cancers are still in dispute. In the following study, we used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to screen for DNA copy number changes along all chromosomes in 37 gastric carcinomas, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the C-MYC and TP53 probes in 14 cases for comparison. The aim of this study was to identify those chromosome regions that contain genes important for the development of gastric carcinomas and to identify genetic markers associated with tumor progression. The most often involved gains were 2q, 7pq, 8pq, 13q, 17q, 18q, and 20pq. The most commonly deleted regions were 17p. The pattern of genetic changes was different depending on the existence of nodal metastasis and histologic types. Gains in 8q and losses in 17p were the most common features of the CGH changes. However, only 3 among the available 10 cases (30%) showed an amplification of the C-MYC gene by FISH. Allelic loss of TP53 was found in 2 of 4 cases (50%). This difference might be due to another rearrangement of these 2 genes which cannot be detected by FISH, or other possible genes in that area may be involved in the tumorigenesis and nodal metastasis of gastric carcinomas.


Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adult , DNA/analysis , Female , Gene Amplification , Genes, myc , Genes, p53 , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
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