A rare encounter in the nasopharynx: Extramedullary plasmacytoma.

Extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare tumor that most frequently occur in the head and neck region, with the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx and tonsils being the most common sites. Diagnostic criteria for EMP include histological confirmation of a solitary plasma cell lesion, the presence of fewer than 5% plasma cells in the bone marrow, and the absence of end-organ damage commonly associated with multiple myeloma. CT scans and MRI features are nonspecific and can mimic those of other conditions. EMP of the nasopharynx presents as a slow-growing, radiosensitive mass with a favorable prognosis. We present the case of a 55-year-old male patient who sought medical attention for recurrent epistaxis. An endoscopic examination revealed a tumor located in the nasopharynx, which was confirmed by MRI as a confined nasopharyngeal mass. Subsequent pathology studies, laboratory results, and bone marrow biopsy were consistent with a solitary EMP of the nasopharynx.

Left ovarian mass revealing multivisceral lymphoma.

Lymphoma encompasses a range of cancers originating in the lymphatic system, categorized into Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma classically present as nodal disease, whereas non-Hodgkin lymphoma tends to involve extranodal regions. While it can be part of a systemic lymphoma, isolated nodal involvement is not uncommon. Extranodal lymphoma can affect virtually any organ or tissue, with the spleen, liver, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, abdominal wall, genitourinary tract, adrenal glands, peritoneal cavity, and biliary tract being among the most commonly involved sites, in decreasing order of frequency. We present a case involving a 54-year-old woman presented with left iliac fossa pain. A sonography was performed, which showed left pelvic mass, magnetic resonance imaging showed left ovarian mass with enlargement of the cervix. Computed tomography revealed enlargement of the pancreas and adrenal glands, along with masses in the kidneys associated with extensive pathological lymph node enlargement in the para-aortic and pelvic regions. The patient underwent biopsy of a para-aortic lymph node, which revealed a diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Invasive lobular carcinoma of the male breast: A case report.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a rare type of male breast cancer, representing about 1% of cases. It often presents with a palpable mass and sometimes nipple changes, but is usually diagnosed late. ILC is more likely to be estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive and usually HER-2 negative. Its diffuse growth pattern makes it difficult to detect with imaging. Treatment typically follows protocols for female breast cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy, with tamoxifen being commonly used. Further research is needed to better understand its pathogenesis and to develop more effective, tailored treatments.

Breast Hamartoma With Synchronous Contralateral Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Breast hamartoma is a rare benign growth often overlooked and consequently not well-documented, mainly due to insufficient recognition of its distinct clinical and histological features. Increasing awareness about this relatively obscure benign condition is crucial because it can mimic both benign and malignant breast tumors clinically. Its association with breast cancer is infrequently documented in medical literature. Additionally, it may be linked to PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, which involves a mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene. This article presents a case study of a young woman diagnosed with left breast carcinoma, where imaging revealed a sizable mass on the opposite breast consistent with a breast hamartoma.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma with adrenal and hepatic metastasis: Case report and literature review.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma (PHL) is a rare malignant tumor, which originates from smooth muscles. The imaging features are nonspecific and the diagnosis is often delayed until the tumor reaches a large size, which leads often to a dismal prognosis. We report a case of a 46-year-old male patient who was complaining about abdominal pain for 2 months. The imaging revealed the presence of a large mass in the liver with adrenal and liver metastasis. Diagnosis of PHL was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. In this case report, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects of the disease, as well as the treatment modalities.

A rare cause of hemoptysis: Primitive pulmonary synovial sarcoma.

Synovialosarcoma is a mesenchymal tumor with soft tissue predilection, metastasizing to various organs, including the lung. Primary pulmonary involvement is rare and requires histological examination for confirmation. In early stages, the treatment is surgical followed by radiotherapy to avoid recurrence, while there's no consensus in chemotherapy. We present a case of a 54-year-old patient with primary pulmonary synovialosarcoma. The patient underwent successful treatment, achieving tumor control and complete excision. This case discusses diagnostic approaches, prognosis, treatment modalities for primary pulmonary synovialosarcoma, emphasizing the significance of early intervention for favourable outcomes.

A rare case of anterior sternal metastasis in ovarian cancer: A case report.

A subcutaneous mass in the anterior region of the thorax, (presternal region). Subcutaneous metastases in ovarian cancer are rare, occurring in 0.9% to 5.8% of cases. They are usually a late manifestation that arises several years after the initial diagnosis and often serve as a poor prognostic indicator. Their presence suggests a reported median survival ranging from 3 to 18 months. subcutaneous metastases can be categorized into umbilical metastases, commonly referred to as Sister Joseph's nodules (SJN) the most prevalent type, and non-SJN cutaneous metastases. We present the unusual case of a 57-year-old woman who underwent surgical intervention and received adjuvant chemotherapy for serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. She presented for consultation 5 years later with a painful presternal mass, and the histopathological examination of the mass revealed a metastasis of the primary ovarian tumor.

An unusual metastatic site of renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

The main metastatic sites of renal cancer are the lungs, bone, liver, and brain. Dissemination of clear cell renal carcinoma to the rectum is very rare, with only a few sporadic cases published in the literature. The clinical presentation is usually dominated by lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. We report the 5th case in the literature of a rectal metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma, revealed by a lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage occurring 8 years after the initial nephrectomy.

Primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland: A case report.

The primary malignant melanoma of the parotid is a rare and complex clinical entity, posing numerous diagnostic challenges due to the absence of melanin in the tumor and its histological similarities with other poorly differentiated lesions. Accurate diagnosis often requires advanced imaging techniques and immunohistochemical procedures to identify specific melanoma markers. Therapeutically, total parotidectomy with simultaneous cervical dissection is frequently recommended, although approaches combining surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or even immunotherapy are also being explored. Despite these advancements, malignant parotid melanoma continues to be associated with a grim prognosis, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research to improve therapeutic options and understanding of this rare pathology.

Uncommon orbital metastasis in ductal breast carcinoma: a rare presentation 12 years after treatment.

Orbital metastasis originating from breast carcinoma, particularly ductal carcinoma, represents a rare clinical entity, with lobular carcinoma usually being more common. Long-term surveillance in breast cancer patients is crucial for early detection of metastasis. Herein, we present a case of a 70-year-old woman with a history of left ductal breast carcinoma, diagnosed and treated 12 years ago. She then developed left eye vision loss, diplopia, enophthalmos, and chemosis in October 2024. Imaging revealed orbital metastasis involving the left superior and lateral rectus extraocular muscles. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of orbital metastases arising from ductal breast carcinoma. This case underscores the significance of long-term surveillance in breast cancer patients, as metastasis can manifest years after the initial diagnosis. Despite its rarity, orbital metastasis warrants consideration in the differential diagnosis of ocular symptoms in patients with a history of breast carcinoma. Treatment primarily aims at palliation and preserving visual function, with prognosis typically poor.

Imaging of an exceptional urinoma complicating a cervical cancer and leading to death: A case report.

Spontaneous urinoma is a rare urological complication that can occur following acute urinary obstruction. It involves a collection of urine that typically forms around the kidney as a result of rupture of the fornix. There are several causes of acute urinary stasis, including lithiasis, tumors, prostatic hypertrophy, and others. We present a unique case of an asymptomatic spontaneous urinoma discovered incidentally during the extension study of a 66-year-old woman with cervical cancer. The positive diagnosis was made through a combination of ultrasound and uro-computed tomography scan. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of a uremic encephalopathy, leading to death before any treatment.

Bilateral swelling of the lacrimal glands as first manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis in a patient with breast cancer.

Sarcoidosis, a multifaceted granulomatous disease primarily affecting the lungs, occasionally presents in atypical locations. Lacrimal gland involvement, though rare, poses distinct diagnostic challenges. This case report details a 52-year-old female with bilateral lacrimal gland swelling initially suggestive of metastatic tumor due to a history of breast cancer. Subsequent investigations, including CT and MRI, unveiled pulmonary sarcoidosis. Discussion emphasizes the diverse ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis, with lacrimal gland participation potentially indicating early stages. Diagnostic complexities involve differentiation from other lacrimal pathologies, including neoplasms, lymphoproliferative disorders, Sjögren's syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, tuberculosis, and IgG4-related disease. In summary, while lacrimal gland involvement in sarcoidosis is infrequent, it should be considered in orbital masses, necessitating a comprehensive approach for accurate diagnostic orientation in such cases.

Breast adenomyoepithelioma diagnosed on core needle biopsy: a diagnostic challenge.

Adenomyoepithelioma represents a rare tumor of the breast characterized by biphasic proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Owing to its nonspecific clinical presentation, the rarity, and the morphological pitfalls in differential diagnosis, the diagnosis may be extremely difficult especially on limited samples such as core needle biopsy; thus, the diagnosis is histological, which is confirmed by the specificities of the immunohistochemical analyses. Here we report a case of a 64-year-old female who presented a benign adenomyoepithelioma diagnosed on core needle biopsy, review the clinicopathological features of breast adenomyoepithelioma diagnosed on core needle biopsy, and discuss the useful clues to prompt accurate diagnosis.

Primary rectal adenocarcinoma with musculoskeletal metastasis as the only metastasis site: A case report with a short literature review.

Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is a rare occurrence. Since 1970, only 30 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis originating from colorectal adenocarcinomas have been documented, underscoring its exceptionally low incidence. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged man who was diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma 3 months ago. During examination, a subcutaneous mass was discovered in the left proximal buttock. Histological analysis of a biopsy confirmed that this mass was a metastatic lesion originating from the primary rectal adenocarcinoma.

Bilateral perirenal hematoma simulating metastasis.

Perirenal hematoma is a common complication of traumatism and renal procedures such as nephrostomy, angiography, and lithotripsy. It may constitute a challenging diagnosis in a pre-existing tumor context or in case of an atypical imaging appearance. We present a female patient followed for cervix cancer, who developed bilateral perirenal hematoma with an atypical MRI appearance evoking a malignant tumor. The diagnosis is established by the association of different imaging data (MRI with diffusion and ADC, CT scan without contrast, and CT scan after injection of contrast product). Percutaneous drainage remains the best management option for the perirenal hematoma in hemodynamic stable patients.

Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with lung metastasis: A case report with literature review.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor that typically originates from secretory glands, most commonly found in the salivary glands. However, it can also develop as a primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma, which appears identical under the microscope to adenoid cystic carcinoma originating in other tissues. Distinguishing between primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma and extracutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with cutaneous metastases is crucial for determining the prognosis and appropriate management of the condition. In this case report, we describe a case of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma located on the hand with lung metastases. Proper differentiation, treatment planning and regular clinical follow-up to monitor for any signs of recurrence or metastasis are essential to ensure favorable outcomes for patients with this rare neoplasm.

Bitemporal Lobe Cysts.

Teaching Point: Cystic brain necrosis is a rare but severe post-radiation complication; the late post-radiation context, the temporal location, and the MRI features can suggest the diagnosis.

Bladder carcinosarcoma treated by cystectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with good outcomes: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Primary carcinosarcoma of the bladder is a rare and highly aggressive tumor, representing less than 1% of all bladder neoplasms. There is no specific treatment guideline has for carcinosarcoma of the bladder, and majority of published patients was treated exclusively by surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 65-year-old Moroccan man, presented with macroscopic hematuria, pollakiuria and painful urination. Histological analysis showed a biphasic epithelial and mesenchymal proliferation, with invasion of lamina propria and muscularis, compatible with diagnosis of bladder carcinosarcoma. The patient was treated with cystectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy based on gemcitabin-cisplatin, 18 months after treatment, patient still free of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder is a rare and aggressive tumor regardless treatment. A multidisciplinary management based on radical cystectomy and combined adjuvant treatments can improve prognosis. In this work, we suggest to propose adjuvant chemotherapy whenever possible.

Synchronous bilateral breast cancer: A first case with lobular and mucinous carcinoma.

This report describes a rare case of synchronous bilateral carcinoma of the breast in a postmenopausal female patient, with mucinous carcinoma measuring 5 cm in the left breast and multifocal multicentric lobular carcinoma in the right breast. The patient underwent a bilateral mastectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of mucinous carcinoma and infiltrating lobular carcinoma coexisting in distinct breasts.

Acquired cystic lymphangioma imitating breast cancer recurrence.

Cystic lymphangioma is a benign, congenital lymphatic malformation mainly encountered in infants during the first 2 years of life. It is rarely found in adults. Cystic lymphangioma of the breast is an extremely uncommon entity, and only a few cases have been described in the literature. We present the case of a 52-year-old female who had a mastectomy and chemoradiotherapy for breast cancer 8 years ago and in whom we discovered a suspicious mass of the treated breast through an annual imaging check-up. A cancer recurrence was suspected, and the patient underwent surgical resection. Pathology results were consistent with a cystic lymphangioma.