ABSTRACT
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease with diffuse organ involvement. The cardiac complications include pericarditis, myocarditis, pulmonary hypertension, coronary vasculitis, and Libman-Sacks endocarditis. Symptomatic lupus myocarditis presenting with left ventricular dysfunction, acute heart failure, and pulmonary edema, although rare, is a life-threatening complication. We report the occurrence of acute lupus myocarditis in a 38-year-old postpartum female who had a cesarean section a week before presentation for preeclampsia. Initially she was managed for pneumonia but later found to have acute pericarditis and myocarditis related to systemic lupus erythematosus. She had a complicated hospital course including acute respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. She was started on pulse dose steroids besides the treatment for heart failure and had a dramatic improvement within days.
Subject(s)
Heart Failure/etiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Myocarditis/etiology , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Shock, Cardiogenic/etiology , Acute Disease , Adult , Cesarean Section , Cross Infection/complications , Echocardiography , Female , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging , Heart Failure/pathology , Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Myocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Myocarditis/drug therapy , Myocarditis/pathology , Myocardium/pathology , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Pneumonia/complications , Pre-Eclampsia , PregnancyABSTRACT
In the vast world of skin diseases, viral skin disorders account for a significant percentage. Most viral skin diseases present with an exanthem (skin rash) and, oftentimes, an accompanying enanthem (lesions involving the mucosal membrane). In this article, the various viral skin diseases are explored, including viral childhood exanthems (measles, rubella, erythema infectiosum, and roseola), herpes viruses (herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus, viral zoonotic infections [orf, monkeypox, ebola, smallpox]), and several other viral skin diseases, such as human papilloma virus, hand, foot, and mouth disease, molluscum contagiosum, and Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.