Risk management and loss prevention strategies for fertilizer industries.

Various toxic and flammable gases exist in the fertilizer industry whose release quantification is very important regarding emergency preparedness, planning and response, and well-being of the community. ALOHA threat zones and threat at a point coupled with MARPLOT are evaluated for ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen release, and outdoor and indoor concentrations of these gases in nearby residences and highways calculated. These footprints are calculated using ALOHA which requires inputs such as site data, site location, building type, gas name, atmospheric inputs, release source information and dispersion model to display the threat zone, which can then be shown on MARPLOT. Potential impact of these releases on the community is mitigated through releasing equipment isolations, water sprays for dilutions, dilutions through steam or air and emergency sirens for information. This article covers hazards in the fertilizer industry, and provides general guidelines for operational staff of any industry to mitigate hazards.

Functionality of wheat straw-derived biochar enhanced its efficiency for actively capping Cd and Pb in contaminated water and soil matrices: Insights through batch adsorption and flow-through experiments.

The impact of functionality of biochar on pressing environmental issue of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) co-contamination in simultaneous soil and water systems has not sufficiently reported. This study investigated the impact of Fe- and Mg-functionalized wheat straw biochar (Fe-WSBC and Mg-WSBC) on Cd and Pb adsorption/immobilization through batch sorption and column leaching trials. Importantly, Fe-WSBC was more effective in adsorbing Cd and Pb (82.84 and 111.24 mg g-1), regeneration ability (removal efficiency 94.32 and 92.365), and competitive ability under competing cations (83.15 and 84.36%) compared to other materials (WSBC and Mg-WSBC). The practical feasibility of Fe-WSBC for spiked river water verified the 92.57% removal of Cd and 85.73% for Pb in 50 mg L-1 and 100 mg L-1 contamination, respectively. Besides, the leaching of Cd and Pb with Fe-WSBC under flow-through conditions was lowered to (0.326 and 17.62 mg L-1), respectively as compared to control (CK) (0.836 and 40.40 mg L-1). In short, this study presents the applicable approach for simultaneous remediation of contaminated water and soil matrices, offering insights into environmentally friendly green remediation strategies for heavy metals co-contaminated matrices.

Unveiling drastic influence of cross-interactions in hydrothermal carbonization of spirulina with cellulose, lignin or poplar on nature of hydrochar and activated carbon.

Spirulina platensis contains abundant nitrogen-containing organics, which might react with derivatives of cellulose/lignin during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), probably affecting yield, property of hydrochar, and pore development in activation of hydrochar. This was investigated herein by conducting co-HTC of spirulina platensis with cellulose, lignin, and sawdust at 260 °C and subsequent activation of the resulting hydrochars with K2C2O4 at 800 °C. The results showed that cross-condensation of spirulina platensis-derived proteins with cellulose/lignin-derived ketones and phenolics did take place in the co-HTC, forming more π-conjugated heavier organics, retaining more nitrogen species in hydrochar, reducing yields of hydrochar, making the hydrochar more aromatic and increasing the thermal stability and resistivity towards activation. This enhanced the yield of activated carbon (AC) by 7 %-20 % and significantly increased specific surface area of the AC from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + lignin to 2074.5 m2/g (859.3 m2/g from spirulina platensis only and 1170.1 m2/g from lignin only). Furthermore, more mesopores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + cellulose (47 %) and more micropores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina + sawdust (93 %) was generated. The AC from spirulina platensis + lignin with the developed pore structures generated sufficient sites for adsorption of tetracycline from aqueous phase and minimized steric hindrance for mass transfer with the abundant mesopores (43 %).

Draft genome sequence of extracellular enzyme-producing Bacillus paralicheniformis strain NBG-07.

The genome of Bacillus paralicheniformis strain NBG-07 was sequenced using Illumina sequencing due to its ability to produce thermostable enzymes of industrial importance. The strain was isolated from the soil. Annotation of the draft genome revealed genes involved in the production of different enzymes, including alpha-amylase, protease, cellulase, and laccase.

Recent progress in metal oxide-based electrode materials for safe and sustainable variants of supercapacitors.

A significant amount of energy can be produced using renewable energy sources; however, storing massive amounts of energy poses a substantial obstacle to energy production. Economic crisis has led to rapid developments in electrochemical (EC) energy storage devices (EESDs), especially rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors (SCs), which are effective for energy storage systems. Researchers have lately suggested that among the various EESDs, the SC is an effective alternate for energy storage due to the presence of the following characteristics: SCs offer high-power density (PD), improvable energy density (ED), fast charging/discharging, and good cyclic stability. This review highlighted and analyzed the concepts of supercapacitors and types of supercapacitors on the basis of electrode materials, highlighted the several feasible synthesis processes for preparation of metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles, and discussed the morphological effects of MOs on the electrochemical performance of the devices. In this review, we primarily focus on pseudo-capacitors for SCs, which mainly contain MOs and their composite materials, and also highlight their future possibilities as a useful application of MO-based materials in supercapacitors. The novelty of MO's electrode materials is primarily due to the presence of synergistic effects in the hybrid materials, rich redox activity, excellent conductivity, and chemical stability, making them excellent for SC applications.

Group B Streptococcus Persistently Colonizing the Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Lung: A Blessing in Disguise?

Group B Streptococcus (GBS), also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, is a gram-negative, beta-hemolytic facultative anaerobe that causes neonatal pneumonia and sepsis. The neoplastic epithelial cells in adults, especially those of squamous origin, can show special adhesive properties toward GBS, which tends to reside within these tumors. There are some animal and human studies proving this association. Here, we present a 64-year-old female patient who had lung carcinoma of mixed adeno and squamous origin found to have persistent GBS every time the bronchoscopy was done for tumor ablation or cryotherapy. Subsequently, after starting her on chemo-radiotherapy, she also presented with multiple episodes of pneumonia caused by GBS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, many animal studies have shown the anti-tumor properties of GBS toxin that can prevent its metastasis and stop vascular growth surrounding the tumor. This property of GBS toxin can prove a blessing in disguise.

Investigating the relationship between heat load and shade seeking behaviour in dairy buffaloes.

The study presented in this Research Communication aimed to investigate the relationship between physiological responses, body surface temperature and shade-seeking behaviour in Nili Ravi dairy buffaloes during summer months. We enrolled 60 buffaloes, and each animal was observed for three consecutive days starting before sunrise until they moved towards the shade structures. A repeated measures ANOVA was employed to assess the changes in physiological parameters and body surface temperature between the early morning and the occurrence of shade-seeking behaviour. The average temperature humidity index and heat load index during the behavioural monitoring period (0400 to 1200 h) were 81.3 ± 6.5 and 92.9 ± 17, respectively (mean ± sd). There was no significant difference in core body temperature between sunrise and the time of shade-seeking event. However, the buffaloes had a slightly higher respiration rate at the time of shade-seeking (19.2 vs. 22.4 breaths/min). In addition, body surface temperature, measured at the flank region, shoulder, base of the ear and forehead was significantly higher at the occurrence of shade-seeking behaviour compared to the early morning. On average, the buffaloes sought shade when the surface temperature was 2°C higher than the temperature recorded before sunrise. Overall, the current findings suggest that body surface temperature, rather than core body temperature was strongly associated with shade-seeking behaviour in dairy buffaloes. These findings could be useful in developing strategies to mitigate the effects of heat stress in dairy buffalo herds and thereby improve animal welfare.

Insights into the involvement of male Hyalomma anatolicum ticks in transmitting Anaplasma marginale, lumpy skin disease virus and Theileria annulata.

Ticks can transmit viruses, bacteria, and parasites to humans, livestock, and pet animals causing tick-borne diseases (TBDs) mechanically or biologically in the world. Lumpy skin disease virus, Anaplasma marginale, and Theileria annulata inflict severe infections in cattle, resulting in significant economic losses worldwide. The study investigated the potential transmissions of LSDV, A. marginale, and T. annulata through male Hyalomma anatolicum ticks in cattle calves. Two 6-month-old Holstein crossbred calves designated as A and B were used. On day 1, 15 uninfected female ticks (IIa) and infected batch of 40 male ticks (I) were attached on calf A for 11 days. Filial transmission of the infections was observed in female ticks (IIb) collected from calf A, where 8 female ticks had been co-fed with infected male ticks. The blood sample of calf B was found positive through PCR for the infections. The larvae and egg pools obtained from the infected ticks were also tested positive in PCR. The study confirmed the presence of these mixed pathogens and potential intra-stadial and transovarial transmissions of A. marginale, T. annulata, and LSDV in male and female ticks of H. anatolicum and experimental calves to establish the feasibility of infections through an in vivo approach.

Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in oral polio vaccine recipients: disproportionality analysis using VAERS and systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is a rare adverse event of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV), particularly affecting immunodeficient individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study aimed to (1) Assess the association between OPV and VAPP using Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database (2) Outline patient characteristics and risk factors associated with the occurrence of VAPP in OPV recipients through a systematic review of case reports and case series. A disproportionality analysis was conducted using the data from VAERS, encompassing adverse events reported from 1990 till February 2023. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of case reports and case series using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases. RESULTS: The VAERS data revealed 130 VAPP reports among 1,739,903 OPV linked adverse events, with year 2010 reporting the strongest association. The systematic review of 37 studies highlighted VAPP occurrence within 2 months to 4 years post-vaccination, typically with acute flaccid paralysis. Immunodeficiency and perianal abscess emerged as major risk factors. Out of the 37 included studies, 27 showed consistent causal association of VAPP with OPV using WHO-AEFI causality assessment tool. CONCLUSION: The study emphasized the seriousness of VAPP and highlights its association with OPV, identifying immunodeficiency as a prominent contributor to VAPP manifestation.

Effects of phytase inclusion in diets containing rice protein concentrate (RPC) on the nutrient digestibility, growth and chemical characteristics of rohu (Labeo rohita).

The objective of the current study was to assess the impact of dietary phytase supplementation on Labeo rohita fingerlings and to examine the effects on growth, nutrient digestibility and chemical characteristics of diets containing rice protein concentrate (RPC) as a major protein source. Six experimental diets were made, i.e., a positive control (fishmeal-based diet with no phytase), FM0; a negative control (RPC-based diet with no phytase), RPC0; and four supplemental phytase levels (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 FTU/kg). Fingerlings with an average weight of 9.42 ± 0.02 grams (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into six experimental groups of three replicates, each containing 25 fish per tank (75 liters of water), provided with experimental diets at a rate equivalent to 5% of their body weight for 90 days, and uneaten feed was collected after 2 hours to determine feed consumption. The feces were collected before feeding to estimate digestibility. Phytase in combination with the RPC-based diet significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced phytate phosphorus in vitro hydrolysis; growth performance; nutrient (crude protein, crude fat, moisture and gross energy) and mineral (P, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Mn and Cu) digestibility; digestive enzyme (protease, lipase and amylase) activity; and mineral deposition up to 1000 FTU/kg phytase. However, the hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices and carcass composition were not influenced (p > 0.05) by phytase supplementation. Increasing phytase supplementation in the RPC-based diets led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the serum biochemical parameters (alkaline phosphatase activity, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), which resulted in improved liver health. In conclusion, phytase-supplemented RPC-based diets improved the growth, mineral/nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes, serum biochemistry, and mineral deposition of L. rohita fingerlings up to 1000 FTU/kg. Broken line regression analysis revealed that the optimum phytase concentration in the RPC-based diet for L. rohita was 874.19 FTU/kg.

Rearing of Rhipicephalus annulatus ticks on rabbits for the biological transmission of Anaplasma marginale.

Background and Aim: Anaplasma marginale is an obligate intraerythrocytic rickettsial parasite that infects cattle in tropical and subtropical regions. There is no evidence that A. marginale inoculation can be used to culture Rhipicephalus annulatus in rabbits. This study aimed to determine the molting of R. annulatus larvae, nymphs, and adults on rabbits as well as nymphs and adults of R. annulatus on calves with or without A. marginale. Transstadial, horizontal, and transovarial transmissions of A. marginale in R. annulatus reared on rabbits and calves were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Engorged female ticks were collected from field samples of A. marginale-infected and non-infected cattle. We divided the eight rabbits into two groups: A and B. Group A rabbits were infected with A. marginale through parenteral inoculation, whereas Group B rabbits were kept as a control. The "clean rabbits" in Group B were observed for tick rearing without A. marginale. Polymerase chain reaction was used to screen A. marginale in rabbits and stages of tick. The complete life cycle of R. annulatus with or without A. marginale was observed on rabbits. Results: A 6.5-day longer life cycle was observed in ticks harboring A. marginale than in ticks without A. marginale. To observe transstadial transmission, transstadial, horizontal, and transovarial transmissions of A. marginale in R. annulatus ticks were experimentally observed in one clean calf fed separately with infected nymphs and female adult ticks. Conclusion: We experimentally observed transovarian, transstadial, and transovarial transmission of A. marginale in R. annulatus ticks as a biological vector reared on calves and rabbits. We used rabbits as a model animal for rearing R. annulatus ticks and culture of A. marginale.

Unusual acute right abdominal pain. Distal ileum mesenteric cystic lymphangioma in adult, a rare case and literature review.

Lymphangiomas in the peritoneal cavity are rare in adults, with most cases occurring in children. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman who was admitted with severe lower abdominal pain. The diagnostic assessment revealed a multiloculated cystic structure in the mesentery of the distal ileum, suggesting a lymphangioma. The patient underwent laparotomy and resection, with successful removal of the mass. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of intestinal lymphangioma, a rare benign vascular neoplasm of the small bowel. Postoperatively, the patient experienced resolution of postoperative ileus and mild back and abdominal pain, with no complaints during follow-up. Awareness of this uncommon condition is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Surgical resection, supported by radiological and histopathological investigations, is the primary treatment modality for symptomatic lymphangioma. Regular follow-up with imaging may be necessary to monitor recurrence.

Epidemiology and management of Fusarium wilt of Eucalyptus camaldulensis through systemic acquired resistance.

Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a multifunctional tree and is globally used for the reclamation of problematic lands. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is prone to attack by a number of pathogens, but the most important threat is the Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum). Keeping in view the importance of E. camaldulensis and to manage this disease, five plant activators, i.e., salicylic acid (C7H6O3), benzoic acid (C7H6O2), citric acid (C6H8O7), dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4), monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) and nutritional mixture namely Compound (NPK) and nutriotop (Fe, Zn, Cu, B, Mn) were evaluated in the Fusarium infested field under RCBD in the Research Area, Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF). Among plant activators, salicylic acid and a combination of compound + nutriotop exhibited the lowest disease incidence and enhanced fresh and dry weight of leaves compared to other treatments and control. Results of the environmental study indicated maximum disease incidence between 35-40 °C (max. T), 6-25 °C (mini. T), 70-80% relative humidity and 1.5-2.5 km/h wind speed while pan evaporation expressed weak correlation with disease development. It was concluded that Fusarium wilt of Eucalyptus camaldulensis could be managed through activation of the basal defense system of the host plant with provision of salicylic acid and balanced nutrition by considering environmental factors. Recent exploration is expected to be helpful for future research efforts on epidemiology and ecologically sound intervention of Fusarium wilt of Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Impact of Preoperative Nutritional Support on Surgical Outcomes in Gastrointestinal Surgeries: A Systematic Review.

Malnutrition presents a significant risk to patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery, with direct consequences on postoperative complication rates, recovery times, and mortality. Our systematic review, guided by PRISMA protocols, examined the impact of preoperative nutritional support on these surgical outcomes. We scrutinized publications from PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to April 2023, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews. The stringent selection process narrowed to 10 studies demonstrating the efficacy of preoperative nutritional support, from oral supplements to enteral and parenteral nutrition, in reducing postoperative complications and length of hospital stays while enhancing recovery rates. The benefits varied, indicating a pressing need for customized nutritional regimens based on patient demographics and surgical specifics. Our findings advocate incorporating individualized nutritional strategies into preoperative care, enhancing patient outcomes. Future research should aim to refine these strategies, focusing on the optimal timing, duration, and type of nutritional support.

Composition of Whole Grain Dietary Fiber and Phenolics and Their Impact on Markers of Inflammation.

Inflammation is an important biological response to any tissue injury. The immune system responds to any stimulus, such as irritation, damage, or infection, by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. The overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to several diseases, e.g., cardiovascular diseases, joint disorders, cancer, and allergies. Emerging science suggests that whole grains may lower the markers of inflammation. Whole grains are a significant source of dietary fiber and phenolic acids, which have an inverse association with the risk of inflammation. Both cereals and pseudo-cereals are rich in dietary fiber, e.g., arabinoxylan and ß-glucan, and phenolic acids, e.g., hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids, which are predominantly present in the bran layer. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the widely reported association between whole grain consumption and a lower risk of disease are not fully understood. The modulatory effects of whole grains on inflammation are likely to be influenced by several mechanisms including the effect of dietary fiber and phenolic acids. While some of these effects are direct, others involve the gut microbiota, which transforms important bioactive substances into more beneficial metabolites that modulate the inflammatory signaling pathways. Therefore, the purpose of this review is twofold: first, it discusses whole grain dietary fiber and phenolic acids and highlights their potential; second, it examines the health benefits of these components and their impacts on subclinical inflammation markers, including the role of the gut microbiota. Overall, while there is promising evidence for the anti-inflammatory properties of whole grains, further research is needed to understand their effects fully.

Identification of biochemical indices for brown spot (Bipolaris oryzae) disease resistance in rice mutants and hybrids.

Brown spot caused by Bipolaris oryzae is a major damaging fungal disease of rice which can decrease the yield and value of produce due to grain discoloration. The objectives of the current study were to investigate and understand the biochemical indices of brown spot disease resistance in rice. A total of 108 genotypes (mutant and hybrid) along with Super Basmati and parent RICF-160 were evaluated against brown spot disease. The genotypes exhibiting resistant and susceptible responses to brown spot disease according to the IRRI standard disease rating scale were screened and selected. To study the biochemical response mechanism, forty five selected genotypes along with Super Basmati and RICF-160 were analyzed using the biochemical markers. The physiological and biochemical analysis provided valuable insights and confirmed the resistance of rice hybrids and mutants against brown spot disease. Positive correlations were observed among stress bio-markers and disease response. Rice genotypes i.e. Mu-AS-8, Mu-AS-19, Mu-AS-20 and Mu-AS-35 exhibited moderate resistant response while Hy-AS-92, Hy-AS-98, Hy-AS-99, Hy-AS-101, Hy-AS-102 and Hy-AS-107 showed resistant response to brown spot disease. Brown spot resistant rice genotypes had lesser values of malondialdehyde and total oxidant status and higher antioxidant activities i.e. superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, total phenolic content and lycopene. The selected resistant rice genotypes had resistance capacity against Bipolaris oryzae stress. In conclusion, identified resistant mutants i.e. Mu-AS-8, Mu-AS-19, Mu-AS-20 and Mu-AS-35 and hybrids i.e. Hy-AS-92, Hy-AS-98, Hy-AS-99, Hy-AS-101, Hy-AS-102 and Hy-AS-107 could be used in rice breeding program to achieve sustainable rice production by coping the emerging challenge of brown spot disease under variable climate conditions.

A large cheek lipoma misdiagnosed as a dental infection: a rare case report.

The most frequent benign tumor is lipoma. About 1-4% of people have intraoral lipomas. This uncommon case report shows a large cheek lipoma misinterpreted as dental infection. A 14-year-old girl with a right cheek tumor was diagnosed and treated for a dental infection. Multiple imaging examinations complete the diagnosis. A benign lipoma, common in subcutaneous tissues but unusual in the mouth, created the lesion. A histological investigation confirmed lipoma after extraoral excision under general anesthesia utilizing an external flap. The edema did not return after surgery, which restored face symmetry. This case study shows that diagnosing and treating oral and maxillofacial edema requires extensive clinical and radiographic testing. Lipomas should be evaluated in the differential diagnosis of mouth swelling even without usual risk markers to prevent excessive treatments and delays. Surgery is recommended for lipomas since it has a low recurrence and fewer risks.

Indirect impact of the war in Ukraine on primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Poland.

INTRODUCTION: The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 resulted in displacement of approximately 12.5 million refugees to adjacent countries, including Poland, which may have strained health care service delivery. OBJECTIVES: Using the ST­segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) data, we aimed to evaluate whether the Russian invasion of Ukraine has indirectly impacted delivery of acute cardiovascular care in Poland. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed all adult patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) for STEMI across Poland between February 25, 2017 and May 24, 2022. The investigated health care centers were allocated to regions below and over 100 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border. Mixed­effect generalized linear regression models with random effects per hospital were used to explore the associations between the war in Ukraine and several parameters, and whether these associations differed across the regions below and over 100 km from the border. RESULTS: A total of 90 115 procedures were included in the analysis. The average number of procedures per month was similar to the predicted volume for centers over 100 km from the border, while it was higher than expected (by an estimated median of 15 [interquartile range, 11-19]) for the region below 100 km from the border. There was no difference in adjusted fatality rate or quality of care outcomes for pre- and during­war time in both regions, with no evidence of a difference­in­difference across the regions. CONCLUSIONS: Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, there was only a modest and temporary increase in the number of primary PCIs, predominantly in the centers situated within 100 km of the Polish-Ukrainian border, although no significant impact on in­hospital fatality rate was found.

Safety and Efficacy of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound and Monopolar Radiofrequency Combination Therapy for Skin Tightening: A Retrospective Study in Malaysia.

Background: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and monopolar radiofrequency (MRF) are common treatment modalities that have shown significant results in skin tightening. Nevertheless, the novel combination of these two treatments is new to the Malaysian landscape. Thus, this study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of this novel combination treatment for the Malaysian population. Methods: This retrospective study included data on HIFU and MRF combination therapy for skin tightening collected from an aesthetic clinic in Johor Bahru, Malaysia from June 2018 to May 2021. Efficacy was assessed using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and Glogau classification, while the safety of the treatment was analysed using pain scores and adverse events (AEs). Results: A total of 56 patients with a mean age of 47.7 years old (SD 10.00) were included in this study. The majority of the patients had Fitzpatrick skin types III and IV. Most of the patients were Chinese, followed by Malay, Indian and others. Most patients (96.4%) showed clinically significant improvement in skin tightening after treatment, with 15 patients scoring 1 (very much improved) and 39 scoring 2 (improved). All patients reported transient mild erythema, with no serious AEs, such as burn, swelling, numbness or muscle weakness. Among the patients, 80% reported a pain score of 5, while 10% reported pain scores of 4 and 6. Conclusion: Combining HIFU with MRF therapy improved GAIS scores by 96.4%, indicating a secure and efficient skin-tightening method. Transient erythema was shown to be the most common side effect of this combination.

Xylooligosaccharide supplementation in rice protein concentrate based diets: A comprehensive analysis of performance and health of Labeo rohita.

The primary aim of this study was to examine the impact of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) in rice protein concentrate (RPC) based diets on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology and blood biochemistry of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Four different XOS levels (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2%) were used at each RPC (75% and 100%) level. Twenty-five fish per tank with an average initial weight of 25 ± 0.05 g were randomly assigned (Randomised complete block design) to each of the 8 groups in triplicate aquaria (36 × 16 × 12″) and then fed with respective diets @ 3% body weight for 90 days. The results showed significant improvements in growth performance, such as increased weight gain %, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio and improved feed conversion ratio in 1% XOS supplemented diet at 75% RPC. A significant decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and plasma melanodialdehyde (MDA) were observed at 1% XOS level in 75% RPC based diets, respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest total cholesterol and highest lysozyme activity were observed in 1% XOS supplemented diet at 75% RPC levels. Moreover, the serum (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase) and plasma (superoxide dismutase, triglyceride, high density and low density lipoprotein) activities showed nonsignificant effects among the treatments. Furthermore, the digestive enzymes (protease & lipase) and intestinal morphology were significantly influenced at 1% XOS in the 75% RPC-based diet. Polynomial regression analysis showed that 1.25% XOS is the optimum requirement for the growth of rohu fingerlings when fed at 75% RPC based diets. Overall, it was concluded that the 75% RPC diet was efficiently replaced by fishmeal along with 1% XOS addition in L. rohita fingerlings without any negative effect on growth performance and intestinal health.