Acceso a los servicios de salud en las personas con discapacidad de las comunas 6, 7 y 8 del municipio de San José de Cúcuta (Colombia), año 2022 / Access to health services for people with disabilities in communes 6, 7, and 8 of the municipality of San José de Cúcuta (Colombia), year 2022

RESUMEN Introducción: Esta investigación permite describir el acceso y calidad de los servicios de salud, en cuanto a ayudas técnicas, insumos, medicamentos y servicios de rehabilitación de las personas con discapacidad de las comunas 6,7 y 8 de la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta (Norte de Santander), cuyo análisis realiza aportes a la implementación de la politica en discapacidad. para la construcción de Politicas Públicas en discapacidad del municipio. Materiales y Métodos: La metodologia utilizada fue de naturaleza cuantitativa, de tipo descriptivo y de corte trasversal; se consultó la base de datos de la ficha inicial de persona con discapacidad de la Alcaldia de San José de Cúcuta. Resultados: De las 99 personas con discapacidad en las comunas 6,7 y 8 del municipio de San José de Cúcuta, el 42,4 % mujeres y 57,5 % son hombres, comprendidos en edades de primera infancia (0-5 años) 5,1 %; infancia (6- 11 años) 21,2 %; adolescencia (12 - 18 años) 22,2 %; juventud (19 - 26 años) 4,0 %; adultez (27 - 59 años) 10,1 % y persona mayor (60 o más años) 37,4 %. Discusión: Se evidencian barreras en el acceso y calidad de atención en salud, debido a que las personas con discapacidad han presentado demora en consulta médica y especializada, y también dificultades para el ingreso y movilidad en centros de salud y en su entorno social, lo cual demuestra una atención discutible en cuanto a calidad del sistema de salud. Conclusiones: Desde la perspectiva de las personas con discapacidad se evidencian fallas de oportunidad y calidad en el acceso a ayudas técnicas, medicamentos, insumos y rehabilitación, lo que requiere generar estrategias que permiten el cumplimiento de la politica pública en discapacidad e inclusión social; puesto que las condiciones de la salud que vivencian las personas con discapacidad de las comunas 6, 7 y 8 del municipio de san José de Cúcuta tienen poca accesibilidad, barreras en la oportunidad y la calidad en cuanto al acceso, ayudas técnicas, medicamento, rehabilitación y atención especializada, lo que conlleva a un déficit de la atención en salud para este tipo de población.

ABSTRACT Introduction: This research allows describing the access and quality of health services, in terms of technical aids, supplies, medicines and rehabilitation services for people with disabilities in communes 6, 7 and 8 of the city of San José de Cúcuta, whose analysis makes contributions to the implementation of the disability policy for the construction of Public Policies on disability in the municipality. Materials and methods: The methodology used is quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional; the database of the initial record of persons with disabilities of the Mayor's Office of San José de Cúcuta was consulted. Results: Of the 99 persons with disabilities in communes 6, 7, and 8 of the municipality of San José de Cúcuta, 42.4 % are women and 57.5 % are men, aged 5.1% in early childhood (0-5 years); 21.2 % in infancy (6-11 years); 22.2 % in adolescence (12-18 years); 4.0 % in youth (19-26 years); 10.1 % in adulthood (27-59 years) and 37.4 % in the elderly (60 years or older). Discussion: Barriers in the access and quality of health care are evident, due to the fact that people with disabilities have presented delays in medical and specialized consultations, as well as difficulties in entering and moving around health centers and in their social environment. Demonstrating a debatable attention in terms of quality of the health system. Conclusions: From the perspective of people with disabilities, there is evidence of failures of opportunity and quality in access to technical aids, medicines, supplies and rehabilitation, which makes it important to generate strategies that allow compliance with public policy on disability and social inclusion; since the health conditions experienced by people with disabilities in communes 6, 7 and 8 of the municipality of San José de Cúcuta have little accessibility, barriers in the opportunity and quality in terms of access, technical aids, medication, rehabilitation and specialized care, which leads to a deficit in health care for this type of population.

Efficacy of second and third lines of treatment in advanced soft tissue sarcomas: a real-world study.

BACKGROUND: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of tumours. Several drugs and combinations have been used in clinical practice as second-line (2L) and third-line (3L) treatment. The growth modulation index (GMI) has previously been used as an exploratory efficacy endpoint of drug activity and represents an intra-patient comparison. METHODS: We performed a real-world retrospective study including all patients with advanced STS who had received at least 2 different lines of treatment for advanced disease between 2010 and 2020 at a single institution. The objective was to study the efficacy of both 2L and 3L treatments, analysing the time to progression (TTP) and the GMI (defined as the ratio of TTP between 2 consecutive lines of therapy). RESULTS: Eighty-one patients were included. The median TTP after 2L and 3L treatment was 3.16 and 3.06 months, and the median GMI was 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. The regimens most frequently used in both treatments were trabectedin, gemcitabine-dacarbazine, gemcitabine-docetaxel, pazopanib and ifosfamide. The median TTP by each of these regimens was 2.80, 2.23, 2.83, 4.10, and 5.00 months, and the median GMI was 0.78, 0.73, 0.67, 1.08, and 0.94, respectively. In terms of histotype, we highlight the activity (GMI > 1.33) of gemcitabine-dacarbazine in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and in leiomyosarcoma, pazopanib in UPS, and ifosfamide in synovial sarcoma. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, regimens commonly used after first-line STS treatment showed only slight differences in efficacy, although we found significant activity of specific regimens by histotype.

Open-label phase II clinical trial of ketoconazole as CYP17 inhibitor in metastatic or advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: the GREKO (GRanulosa Et KetOconazole) trial, GETHI 2011-03.

BACKGROUND: Granulosa cell ovarian tumor (GCT) is characterized by a pathognomonic mutation in the FOXL2 gene (402 C > G) that leads to an overactivation of steroidogenesis. CYP17 is a key enzyme in such process and can be inhibited by ketoconazole. METHODS: We designed a phase II clinical trial to assess the efficacy of ketoconazole in advanced GCT and conducted several in vitro studies to support the clinical findings. RESULTS: From October 1st 2012 to January 31st 2014, six evaluable patients were recruited in ten hospitals of the Spanish Group for Transversal Oncology and Research in Orphan and Infrequent Tumors" (GETTHI). FOXL2 (402C > G) mutation was confirmed in three; two cases were wild type and it could not be assessed in one. No objective response by RECIST was observed, but five cases achieved stable disease longer than 12 months. Median progression-free survival was 14.06 months (CI 95% 5.43-22.69) for the whole study population (3.38 and 13.47 months for wild-type cases and 14.06, 20.67 and 26.51 for those with confirmed FOXL2 mutation). Median overall survival was 22·99 months (CI 95% 8.99-36.99). In vitro assays confirmed the activity of ketoconazole in this tumor and suggested potential synergisms with other hormone therapies. CONCLUSION: Ketoconazole has shown activity in advanced GCT in clinical and in vitro studies. Based on these data, an orphan designation was granted by the European Medicines Agency for ketoconazole in GCT (EU/3/17/1857). GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT01584297.

Prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de marihuana en universitarios de Colombia en el año 2016

Introducción: El consumo de marihuana toma un singular interés en el contexto de la universidad y en los universitarios, pues su uso podría ser parte de las relaciones sociales con sus pares. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia y examinar los factores asociados al consumo de marihuana durante los últimos treinta días en estudiantes universitarios de Colombia durante 2016. Método: Estudio transversal analítico. Se realizó un análisis con 9555 universitarios colombianos. Fue considerado como consumidor de marihuana el universitario que manifestó haberla consumido durante los últimos treinta días. Se tomaron como variables de interés el sexo, la edad, la percepción de la situación económica, los problemas académicos y disciplinarios en la secundaria y las características de control parental. Para el análisis se reportó la prevalencia de la marihuana por cada una de las características estudiadas. Las asociaciones fueron estimadas a través de modelos lineales generalizados, tales análisis se ajustaron por el factor de expansión. Resultados: Se halló que el 9,7 % (IC 95 % 9,1 %- 10,4 %) había consumido marihuana en los últimos treinta días; los hombres (OR 2,23 IC95 % 1,92 - 2,59), aquellos que acusaron no tener control parental sobre los amigos (OR 2,32 IC95 % 1,58- 3,41) y que confesaron haber tenido problemas disciplinarios en la secundaria (OR 3,35 IC95 % 2,67-4,19), mostraron asociación con el consumo de marihuana. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de consumo de marihuana en estudiantes universitarios es elevada con respecto a otros países de la región. Destacan características como la presencia de problemas académicos o disciplinarios en la secundaria, así como un pobre control parental; ellas mostraron que tenían mayor relación con el consumo de marihuana entre los universitarios indagados.

Introduction: The consumption of marijuana takes on a singular interest in the context of the university and university students, because its use could be a part of relationships with their peers. Objective: To describe the prevalence and examine the factors associated with marijuana use during the last thirty days, in university students in Colombia, during the year 2016. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study. An analysis was carried out with 9555 Colombian university students. The university student who stated that he had used it during the last thirty (30) days was considered a marijuana user. The studied variables were sex, age, perception of the economic situation, academic and disciplinary problems in high school, and the characteristics of parental control. For analysis, the prevalence of marijuana was reported for each of the characteristics studied. The associations were estimated through generalized linear models; all analyzes were adjusted by the expansion factor. Results: It was found that 9.7% (95% CI 9.1%-10.4%) had used marijuana in the last thirty days; men (OR 2.23 CI95% 1.92 - 2.59), those who reported not having parental control over friends (OR 2.32 CI95% 1.58-3.41) and who confessed to having had disciplinary problems in high school (OR 3.35 CI95% 2.67-4.19) were associated with marijuana use. Conclusions: The prevalence of marijuana use in university students is high, compared to other countries in the region. They highlight characteristics such as the presence of academic or disciplinary problems in high school, as well as poor parental control; they showed that they had a greater relationship with the use of marijuana among the university students surveyed.

Evaluación del frenillo lingual en neonatos. Una revisión sistemática / Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in neonates. A Systematic Review

Introducción: el objetivo de esta revisión es responder al interrogante: ¿cuál es la metodología más eficaz de evaluación de frenillo lingual en neonatos? Bajo los pará-metros de objetividad, claridad y validación. Métodos: el estudio se realizó a través de una revisión sistemática, llevada a cabo con metodología Cochrane, en la que se utilizaron los descriptores de evaluación, frenillo lingual, anquiloglosia y recién nacido, y ejecutado en los bancos de datos Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo. Para analizar el nivel de evidencia y grado de reco-mendación clínica, se tuvo en cuenta la clasificación GRADE y CEBM de Oxford. Resultados: por medio de la revisión se encontraron 2 evaluaciones y un tamizaje específicamente para recién nacidos, que evalúa de los 0 a los 30 días, los cuales se validan por medio de estudios de especificidad. Análisis y discusión: se identificó que los principales parámetros para diagnosti-car una alteración en el frenillo lingual son la anatomía y su funcionalidad. Conclusiones: según los estudios encontrados sí existe un método eficaz para el diagnóstico del frenillo lingual en neonatos.

Introduction: the objective of this review is to answer the question: What is the most effective methodology for assessing lingual frenulum in neonates? Under the parameters of objectivity, clarity and validation. Methods: the study was conducted through a systematic review carried out using the Cochrane methodology, in which the evaluation descriptors, lingual frenulum, ankyloglossia, and newborn were used, and developed in the Pubmed, Science Direct and Scielo data banks. To analyze the level of evidence and degree of clinical recom-mendation, the GRADE and CEBM classification of Oxford was taken into account. Results: through the review we found 2 evaluations and a screening specifically for new-borns that evaluates from 0 to 30 days, which are validated through specificity studies.Analysis and discussion: it was identified that the main parameters to diagnose an alteration in the lingual frenum are its anatomy and functionality. Conclusions: according to the studies found, there is an effective method for the diagnosis of the lingual frenulum in neonates.

Evaluación de anquiloglosia y lactancia materna en lactantes de 0 a 24 meses / Evaluation of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding in 0-24-month infants / Avaliação da anquiloglossia e da amamentação em lactentes de 0 a 24 meses

Introducción. La anquiloglosia es una condición limitante que en algunos casos no interfiere en la lactancia y genera adaptaciones anatomofisiológicas del frenillo al seno materno, el cual se presenta más elástico y menos fibroso. El objetivo fue establecer si existe relación entre las alteraciones del frenillo lingual y la lactancia materna. Materiales y métodos. Investigación descriptiva correlacional de corte transversal. La población objeto de estudio fue evaluada mediante el Protocolo de evaluación del frenillo de la lengua con puntuación para bebés. Resultados. Se identificó un 29% de prevalencia en las alteraciones del frenillo lingual. La anatomofisiología del frenillo y la succión son dependientes y estadísticamente significantes. Conclusiones. La lactancia materna y la anatomofisiología del frenillo lingual alterado, conocido como anquiloglosia, guardan una fuerte relación de dependencia, ya que ante la presencia de anquiloglosia no se produce un agarre adecuado del pezón en la cavidad oral. No obstante, en algunos casos se ha comprobado que los lactantes realizan procesos de adaptación para suplir las dificultades en la movilidad lingual y alimentarse.

Introduction. Ankyloglossia appears as a limiting condition, in some cases it does not interfere with lactation, presenting anatomophysiological adaptations of the frenulum to the mother's breast; it is more elastic and less fibrous. The objective was to establish whether there is a relationship between lingual frenulum alterations and breastfeeding. Methods. Cross-sectional correlational descriptive research. The population under study was evaluated through the "Protocol for evaluating the frenulum of the tongue with scores for babies". Results. A 29% prevalence of alterations in the lingual frenulum was identified, the anatomophysiology of the frenulum and suction are dependent and statistically significant. Conclusions. Breastfeeding and the anatomophysiology of the altered lingual frenulum known as ankyloglossia are strongly dependent, since in the presence of ankyloglossia there is not an adequate grip of the nipple in the oral cavity; however, in some cases it has been It has been proven that infants carry out adaptation processes in order to compensate for difficulties in tongue mobility and feeding.

Introdução. A anquiloglossia é uma condição limitante que em alguns casos não interfere na lactação e gera adaptações anatomofisiológicas do frênulo à mama da mãe, que é mais elástica e menos fibrosa. O objetivo foi estabelecer se existe relação entre as alterações do frênulo lingual e a amamentação. Materiais e métodos. Pesquisa descritiva e correlacional de corte transversal. A população em estudo foi avaliada por meio do protocolo de avaliação do frênulo da língua com pontuação para bebês. Resultados. Identificou-se prevalência de 29% nas alterações do frênulo lingual. A anatomofisiologia do frênulo e da sucção são dependentes e estatisticamente significativas. Conclusões. A amamentação e a anatomofisiologia do frênulo lingual alterado, conhecido como anquiloglossia, apresentam forte relação de dependência, visto que na presença de anquiloglossia não há pega adequada do mamilo na cavidade oral. No entanto, em alguns casos, descobriu-se que os bebês realizam processos de adaptação para superar as dificuldades de mobilidade da língua e alimentação.

Asociaciones entre clase social e hipoacusia laboral / Associations between social class and labor hipoacusia

Introducción: la exposición a ruidos forma parte de nuestros hábitos cotidianos, culturales y de ocio. En el entorno de trabajo aparecen diferentes sonidos que puedenser perjudiciales para los oídos. El presente escrito trata de identificar la influencia que existe entre clase social e hipoacusia laboral en trabajadores de la ciudad de Cú-cuta, en edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 70 años. Métodos: observacional, analítico y transversal; la población estudiada incluyó tra-bajadores del sector público y privado del municipio de Cúcuta, a quienes se les reali-zó un examen audiométrico ocupacional por parte del programa de Fonoaudiología. Resultados: se encontró que la mayoría de los trabajadores, un 54.05%, pertenece a una clase social baja; el 65% se expone a ruido en el trabajo, el 60% no utiliza ele-mentos de protección personal y el 30% presenta hipoacusia.Análisis y discusión: hay una asociación significativa entre la actividad laboral y la actividad extra laboral del grupo etario. Predomina el sexo masculino con una representación del 63%. Esto puede explicarse dado el contexto cultural en el que se realizó el estudio.Conclusiones: en Colombia, existe escasa información sobre la relación entre clase social e hipoacusia laboral. Se debe realizar un análisis de segregación socio-espacial tanto de los hogares como de la enfermedad, para así determinar qué enfermedades se asocian con la actividad laboral

Introduction: exposure to noise is part of our daily, cultural and leisure habits. In the work environment different sounds can be harmful to the ears. The present text tries to identify the influence that exists between social class and work-related hearing loss in the city of Cúcuta, aged between 17 and 70 years Methods: It is observational, analytical and cross-sectional. The studied population consisted of individuals working in the public and private sector of the municipality of Cúcuta. They underwent an occupational audiometric examination by the Speech-Audiology program.Results: It was determined that most of the workers, 54.05%, are members of a low social class; 65% of workers are exposed to noise at work, 60% of workers do not use personal protection elements and 30% of evaluated workers have hearing loss. Analysis and discussion: there is a significant association between work activity and non-work activity of the age group, predominant in males with a representation of 63%, this can be explained given the cultural context in which the study was conducted. Conclusions: in Colombia, there is little information on social class and work-related hearing loss. An analysis of socio-spatial segregation of both households and the disease must be carried out in order to determine which diseases are associated to work activity

Angiogenesis and ovarian cancer.

Ovarian carcinoma is the most important cause of gynaecological cancer-related mortality in Western societies. The age at diagnosis, extent of disease (as expressed by FIGO state), success of primary surgery and the histopathological features of the tumour are important prognostic markers. The majority of patients with ovarian cancer present with advanced disease (FIGO stage III/IV) and in this group of patients the median survival is only three years. New treatment approaches are therefore required to improve outcome in this disease. Angiogenesis, the development of a neovascular blood supply, is a critical step in the propagation of malignant tumour growth and metastasis and represents a promising target. This review will focus on angiogenesis, VEGF biology and the potential value of angiogenic factors with prognostic value in ovarian cancer.

Meningeal relapse by follicular lymphoma as a single mass.

Follicular lymphoma is the second most common lymphoma throughout the world. Its course is usually indolent. Affection of Central Nervous System by a follicular lymphoma is usually as primary disease, and secondary affection is usually due to high-grade transformation. In this case-report we describe a young patient who presented a follicular lymphoma which secondary affected the central nervous system without high grade transformation.