Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 48
Filter
Add more filters











Publication year range
1.
Sci Total Environ ; 950: 174880, 2024 Nov 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39053522

ABSTRACT

The lack of synthesized information regarding biodiversity is a major problem among researchers, leading to a pervasive cycle where ecologists make field campaigns to collect information that already exists and yet has not been made available for a broader audience. This problem leads to long-lasting effects in public policies such as spending money multiple times to conduct similar studies in the same area. We aim to identify this knowledge gap by synthesizing information available regarding two Brazilian long-term biodiversity programs and the metadata generated by them. Using a unique dataset containing 1904 metadata, we identified patterns of metadata distribution and intensity of research conducted in Brazil, as well as where we should concentrate research efforts in the next decades. We found that the majority of metadata were about vertebrates, followed by plants, invertebrates, and fungi. Caatinga was the biome with least metadata, and that there's still a lack of information regarding all biomes in Brazil, with none of them being sufficiently sampled. We hope that these results will have implications for broader conservation and management guiding, as well as to funding allocation programs.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Conservation of Natural Resources , Brazil , Conservation of Natural Resources/methods , Ecology , Environmental Monitoring/methods
2.
Parasitol Res ; 123(6): 244, 2024 Jun 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38878081

ABSTRACT

We describe the composition of endoparasites associated with leaf litter anurans from an Atlantic Forest area, in southeastern Brazil. We tested if body size, sex, and reproductive modes of anuran hosts influence endoparasite abundance and richness. We sampled 583 individuals from 11 anuran species and recorded 1,600 helminths from 14 taxa. The helminths that infected the greatest number of anuran host species were the nematodes Cosmocerca parva (8 spp.), Physaloptera sp. (8 spp.), and Cosmocerca brasiliense (7 spp.), and the most abundant helminth species were Physaloptera sp. (14.6%), Cosmocerca brasiliense (13.7%) and Cosmocerca parva (12.6%). Both helminth abundance and richness were positively affected by anuran body size and dependence on water for reproduction. Larger hosts can contain a higher abundance of parasites because they may provide more physical space than smaller ones, or it can simply be a function of age. Besides, parasite species richness can be highly correlated with the amount of time a host spends in association with aquatic habitats, a conservative aspect of both parasite and host natural history. Within host species, there was a positive and significant influence of body size on helminth abundance. Haddadus binotatus females had greater helminth abundance than males, probably due to sex-related differences in behavior and/or in physiology. Our data suggest that reproductive modes could also influence helminth infection parameters in other anuran communities and should be considered in detail in future analyses.


Subject(s)
Anura , Body Size , Helminths , Reproduction , Animals , Anura/parasitology , Brazil , Female , Male , Helminths/classification , Helminths/physiology , Helminths/isolation & purification , Biodiversity , Host-Parasite Interactions
3.
J Anim Ecol ; 91(3): 618-629, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35007336

ABSTRACT

Understanding the effects of random versus niche-based processes on biodiversity patterns is a central theme in ecology, and an important tool for predicting effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on biodiversity. We investigated the predictive power of random processes to explain species richness and species dissimilarity of amphibian assemblages in a fragmented tropical landscape of the Atlantic Forest of South America. We analyzed a large database of amphibian abundance and occupancy, sampled in 21 forest fragments ranging in size from 1.9 to 619 ha. We compared observed species richness and species dissimilarity with the outcomes of two null (random placement) models: 1- the traditional Coleman's area-based model and 2- an abundance-based model (based on the number of individuals observed in each fragment). We applied these models for all species combined, and separately for forest-dependent and habitat-generalist species. The abundance-based model fitted the observed species richness data better than the area-based model for all species, forest-dependent species, and generalist species. The area-based and the abundance-based models were also able to significantly explain species dissimilarity for all species and for generalists, but not for forest dependent species. The traditional area-based model assigned too many individuals to large fragments, thus failing to accurately explain species richness within patches across the landscape. Although niche-based processes may be important to structuring the regional pool of species in fragmented landscapes, our results suggest that part of the variation in species richness and species dissimilarity can be successfully explained by random placement models, especially for generalist species. Evaluating which factors cause variation in the number of individuals among patches should be a focus in future studies aiming to understand biodiversity patterns in fragmented landscapes.


Compreender os efeitos de processos aleatórios versus processos baseados em nicho nos padrões de biodiversidade é um tema central em ecologia e uma ferramenta importante para prever os efeitos da perda e fragmentação de habitat na biodiversidade. Nós investigamos o poder preditivo de processos aleatórios para explicar a riqueza e a dissimilaridade de espécies de assembleias de anfíbios em uma paisagem fragmentada tropical da Mata Atlântica da América do Sul. Analisamos um grande conjunto de dados de abundância e ocupação de anfíbios, amostrados em 21 fragmentos florestais com tamanhos de 1.9 a 619 ha. Comparamos a riqueza e a dissimilaridade de espécies observadas com os resultados de dois modelos nulos (posicionamento aleatório): 1- o modelo tradicional baseado em área de Coleman e 2 - um modelo baseado em abundância (com base no número de indivíduos observados em cada fragmento). Aplicamos esses modelos para todas as espécies combinadas e separadamente para espécies dependentes de floresta e espécies generalistas de habitat. O modelo baseado em abundância ajustou-se melhor aos dados observados de riqueza de espécies do que o modelo baseado em área para todas as espécies, espécies dependentes de floresta e espécies generalistas. Os modelos baseados em área e em abundância também foram capazes de explicar significativamente a dissimilaridade de espécies para todas as espécies e para generalistas, mas não para espécies dependentes de floresta. O modelo tradicional baseado em área atribuiu muitos indivíduos a grandes fragmentos, falhando assim em explicar com precisão a riqueza de espécies dentro de manchas na paisagem. Embora processos baseados em nicho possam ser importantes para estruturar o conjunto regional de espécies em paisagens fragmentadas, nossos resultados sugerem que parte da variação na riqueza e dissimilaridade de espécies pode ser explicada com sucesso por modelos de posicionamento aleatório, especialmente para espécies generalistas. Avaliar quais fatores causam variação no número de indivíduos entre manchas deve ser um foco em estudos futuros que visem compreender os padrões de biodiversidade em paisagens fragmentadas.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Forests , Animals , Conservation of Natural Resources , Ecosystem , South America , Trees
4.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 62: e202262005, 2022. mapas, ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363621

ABSTRACT

Here we present a three-year survey of amphibian and reptile species registered in the Vale Natural Reserve (VNR), located in the north of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. The VNR, along with the Sooretama Biological Reserve (SBR) and other surrounding areas, form a forest block that constitutes one of the largest remnants of continuous forest in the Atlantic Forest biome. We systematically sampled the herpetofauna community from 2015 to 2018, using the method of active search method in 27 plots of RAPELD distributed in the different types of vegetation present in the area. We recorded 39 species of amphibians belonging to the order Anura, distributed in seven families and 40 species of reptiles belonging to 20 families distributed in three orders: Crocodylia, Testudines and Squamata. The supplementation the samplings with those records from occasional encounters was important for the survey of the region's herpetofauna, mainly for reptiles. We added four species (two lizards, one amphisbaenid and one snake) to the known list for the VNR-SBR forest block: Micrablepharus maximiliani, Strobilurus torquatus, Amphisbaena alba and Tantilla sp. We demonstrated that VNR contains a high species richness of amphibians and reptiles, with a high number of anurans being endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome. The present species inventory provided the most current approximation of known the richness and composition of species of the existing herpetofauna at Vale Natural Reserve, since the period of the gathering of records is quite recent (2015-2018). Also, it brings the knowledge of some community parameters as species richness and composition not only for the whole area of the Vale Natural Reserve, but also for its different vegetation types, with no inclusion of environments outside this reserve. Furthermore, the presence of threatened species, the addition of four species to the current list, and the potential for new species to occur, reinforce the role of VNR as an important area for the protection of amphibian and reptile biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Anura/classification , Reptiles/classification , Snakes/classification , Ecosystem , Biodiversity
5.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 93(suppl 3): e20201948, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34431865

ABSTRACT

The issue of publication of articles by researchers in the universe of scientific publications, has become over the last decades, increasingly asymmetrical among the parties involved (author, Author's institution, Development agencies, Magazine / Publisher, and referees). Here, I analyzed to what extent are all the parts involved in the process of scientific publication equally balanced, and the gains and losses among parts involved during the process. The analysis points that the gains and losses among parts involved are quite asymmetric. I conclude that there are advantages, disadvantages and costs that should be addressed at a global level to better balance the process of publication and that should have some adjustments to better balance of the parts involved in the process. All parts involved should search for a more equilibrated system of publishing, since, now, the system is strongly asymmetric among the parts involved in scientific publication. It is clear is that this is not a simple subject, but possible changes are quite simple and desirable.


Subject(s)
Publishing
6.
Biota Neotrop. (Online, Ed. ingl.) ; 21(3): e20201085, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1278415

ABSTRACT

Abstract The Brazilian Atlantic Forest holds a major part of the country's amphibian species richness and high rates of endemism. In this study, we conducted surveys using the Rapid Assessment (RA) method to sample the amphibian fauna of the Serra das Torres Natural Monument (MONAST), an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. We sampled actively with a 6-10-person team to collect standard samples from 09:00 to 12:00 hours for the daytime period, and from 18:00 to 22:00 hours for the crepuscular/nighttime period, with a total of approximately 1,320 hours of sampling effort. We supplemented these data with 720 hours of passive sampling, using pitfall traps with drift fences (30 bucket-days). We recorded 54 amphibian species (two gymnophionans and 52 anurans), and the species richness estimated by the Bootstrap method indicates that a slightly larger number of species (n = 60) may occur in the study area. The most speciose family was Hylidae (n = 21), followed by Brachycephalidae (n = 8). Overall, 25% of the species (n = 13) were recorded only once (singletons) and 15% (n = 8) only twice (doubletons). Most amphibians recorded in this study (71%, n = 37 species) were restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome, two species (Euparkerella robusta and Luetkenotyphlus fredi) are endemic to the Espírito Santo state, and one of them, the leaf litter species E. robusta, is endemic to the MONAST. Euparkerella robusta is currently listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN and is classified as Critically Endangered in the Espírito Santo State red list, while L. fredi has yet to be evaluated due to its recent description. Thoropa lutzi is currently listed as Endangered (EN) by both the IUCN and in the State list. Nine species are listed as Data Deficient (DD) and populations of 13 species are considered to be declining by the IUCN. We extend the geographical distribution of two anuran species (Hylodes babax and Phasmahyla lisbella) and fill an important gap in the distribution of Siphonops hardyi. Amphibians associated with the forest floor represented 42% of the species richness from MONAST, and 43% of these species inhabit the leaf litter exclusively. Our study revealed that Serra das Torres preserves a considerable diversity of Atlantic Forest amphibians, which reinforces the need for the conservation of this forest remnant.


Resumo A Mata Atlântica brasileira guarda importante porção da riqueza de anfíbios e altas taxas de endemismos. Neste estudo, nós realizamos pesquisas usando o Método de Avaliação Rápida (RA) com o objetivo de inventariar a fauna de anfíbios de um remanescente da Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil, o Monumento Natural Serra das Torres (MONAST). Amostramos ativamente com uma equipe de 6 a 10 pessoas para coletar amostras padronizadas entre 09:00 e 12:00 horas durante o peíodo diurno e entre 18:00 e 22:00 duranto período crepuscular/noturno, totalizando aproximadamente 1320 horas de esforço amostral. Complementamos estes dados com 720 horas de amostragem passiva usando armadilhas de queda com cercas-guia (30 dias de balde). Registramos 54 espécies de anfíbios (dois gimnofionos e 52 anuros) e a riqueza de espécies estimada pelo Bootstrap indicou um número relativamente maior de espécies (n = 60). A família mais especiosa foi Hylidae (n = 21), seguida por Brachycephalidae (n = 8). No geral, 25% das espécies (n = 13) foram registradas apenas uma vez - singletons e 15% (n = 8) apenas duas vezes (doubletons). A maioria dos anfíbios registrados neste estudo (71%, n = 37 espécies) esteve restrita ao bioma Mata Atlântica, duas espécies (Euparkerella robusta e Luetkenotyphlus fredi) são endêmicas do estado do Espírito Santo, sendo uma delas, a espécie de serapilheira E. robusta, endêmica do MONAST. Euparkerella robusta está atualmente listada como Vulnerável pela IUCN e classificada como Criticamente Ameaçada na lista vermelha do estado do Espírito Santo, enquanto L. fredi ainda não foi avaliada devido a sua descrição ser muito recente. Thoropa lutzi está atualmente listada como Ameaçada (EN) pela IUCN e na lista estadual. Nove espécies estão listadas como Deficiente de Dados (DD) e as populações de 13 espécies são consideradas em declínio pela IUCN. Estendemos a distribuição geográfica de duas espécies de anuros (Hylodes babax e Phasmahyla lisbella) e preenchemos uma importante lacuna na distribuição de Siphonops hardyi. Os anfíbios associados ao chão da floresta representaram 42% das espécies do MONAST e 43% destas espécies habitavam exclusivamente a serapilheira. Nosso estudo revelou que a Serra das Torres preserva diversidade considerável de anfíbios da Mata Atlântica, o que reforça a necessidade de conservação desse remanescente florestal.

7.
Pap. avulsos Zool. ; 60: e20206040, Aug. 28, 2020. ilus, mapas, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-32955

ABSTRACT

The lack of information on the occurrence of species in a region limits the understanding of the composition and structure of the local community and, consequently, restricts the proposition of effective measures for species conservation. In this study, we researched the reptiles in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve (DBBR), Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. We analyzed the parameters of the local community, such as richness, composition, and abundance of species. We conducted samplings from August 2017 to January 2019, through active search. We performed the samplings in nine standard plots of 250 meters in length. All individuals located in the plots or occasionally on the trails were registered. To evaluate sample effort to characterize the reptile community, we performed an accumulation curve of species, and to update the DBBR reptile list, we used as secondary data specimens deposited in collections and previously published studies. Considering primary and secondary data, we recorded 38 species, one chelonia, 13 lizards, and 24 snakes. Our study showed a richness of 15 additional species to the previous list of reptiles, increasing by about 40% the known richness to the area. We concluded that the DBBR holds a high richness of reptile species, representing 12% of the richness of reptiles of the Atlantic Forest and with a considerable number of endemic species in this biome. This suggests that the DBBR is an important forest fragment constituting a reservoir of the biodiversity of the reptiles of the Atlantic Forest.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Reptiles/anatomy & histology , Reptiles/classification , Biodiversity , Brazil , Forests
8.
Pap. avulsos Zool. ; 60: e20206024, June 8, 2020. ilus, mapas, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-32630

ABSTRACT

We assessed the current knowledge on non-avian reptile species composition in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), southeastern Brazil. We used published data in indexed journals and verified voucher specimens housed in the herpetological collections of the Museu Nacional (UFRJ), and the Laboratory of Reptiles (ZUFRJ). We also confirmed vouchers from Instituto Vital Brazil (IVB) and from the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ). We compiled a list containing 149 species of reptiles, distributed among Testudines (N = 15), Crocodylia (N = 1) and Squamata (N = 133; six amphisbaenians, 38 lizards and 89 snakes). Our results add 20 species to the previous list known for the state. Four species recorded are endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro (Anolis neglectus, Glaucomastix littoralis, Leposternon scutigerum, and Liolaemus lutzae). We identified that 21 reptile species recorded in RJ state (nearly 15% of the total) are included in some threat category either in the IUCN, Brazilian (ICMBio) or state lists of endangered species. We also report that seven of the reptiles recorded are non-indigenous to the state: Cnemidophorus aff. lemniscatus (= Cnemidophorus cryptus), Anolis sagrei, Trachemys scripta, Trachemys dorbigni, Hemidactylus mabouia, Crotalus durissus terrificus, and Rhinoclemmys punctularia. The checklist presented here provides a comprehensive database for further research on the herpetofauna of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Reptiles/classification , Alligators and Crocodiles/classification , Turtles/classification , Snakes/classification , Lizards/classification , Brazil
9.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 60: e20206024, Feb. 14, 2020. ilus, map, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487242

ABSTRACT

We assessed the current knowledge on non-avian reptile species composition in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), southeastern Brazil. We used published data in indexed journals and verified voucher specimens housed in the herpetological collections of the Museu Nacional (UFRJ), and the Laboratory of Reptiles (ZUFRJ). We also confirmed vouchers from Instituto Vital Brazil (IVB) and from the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ). We compiled a list containing 149 species of reptiles, distributed among Testudines (N = 15), Crocodylia (N = 1) and Squamata (N = 133; six amphisbaenians, 38 lizards and 89 snakes). Our results add 20 species to the previous list known for the state. Four species recorded are endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro (Anolis neglectus, Glaucomastix littoralis, Leposternon scutigerum, and Liolaemus lutzae). We identified that 21 reptile species recorded in RJ state (nearly 15% of the total) are included in some threat category either in the IUCN, Brazilian (ICMBio) or state lists of endangered species. We also report that seven of the reptiles recorded are non-indigenous to the state: Cnemidophorus aff. lemniscatus (= Cnemidophorus cryptus), Anolis sagrei, Trachemys scripta, Trachemys dorbigni, Hemidactylus mabouia, Crotalus durissus terrificus, and Rhinoclemmys punctularia. The checklist presented here provides a comprehensive database for further research on the herpetofauna of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.


Subject(s)
Animals , Alligators and Crocodiles/classification , Lizards/classification , Reptiles/classification , Snakes/classification , Turtles/classification , Brazil
10.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 60: e20206040, Feb. 14, 2020. ilus, map, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487257

ABSTRACT

The lack of information on the occurrence of species in a region limits the understanding of the composition and structure of the local community and, consequently, restricts the proposition of effective measures for species conservation. In this study, we researched the reptiles in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve (DBBR), Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. We analyzed the parameters of the local community, such as richness, composition, and abundance of species. We conducted samplings from August 2017 to January 2019, through active search. We performed the samplings in nine standard plots of 250 meters in length. All individuals located in the plots or occasionally on the trails were registered. To evaluate sample effort to characterize the reptile community, we performed an accumulation curve of species, and to update the DBBR reptile list, we used as secondary data specimens deposited in collections and previously published studies. Considering primary and secondary data, we recorded 38 species, one chelonia, 13 lizards, and 24 snakes. Our study showed a richness of 15 additional species to the previous list of reptiles, increasing by about 40% the known richness to the area. We concluded that the DBBR holds a high richness of reptile species, representing 12% of the richness of reptiles of the Atlantic Forest and with a considerable number of endemic species in this biome. This suggests that the DBBR is an important forest fragment constituting a reservoir of the biodiversity of the reptiles of the Atlantic Forest.


Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Reptiles/anatomy & histology , Reptiles/classification , Brazil , Forests
11.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 60Feb. 14, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487290

ABSTRACT

Abstract We assessed the current knowledge on non-avian reptile species composition in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), southeastern Brazil. We used published data in indexed journals and verified voucher specimens housed in the herpetological collections of the Museu Nacional (UFRJ), and the Laboratory of Reptiles (ZUFRJ). We also confirmed vouchers from Instituto Vital Brazil (IVB) and from the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ). We compiled a list containing 149 species of reptiles, distributed among Testudines (N = 15), Crocodylia (N = 1) and Squamata (N = 133; six amphisbaenians, 38 lizards and 89 snakes). Our results add 20 species to the previous list known for the state. Four species recorded are endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro (Anolis neglectus, Glaucomastix littoralis, Leposternon scutigerum, and Liolaemus lutzae). We identified that 21 reptile species recorded in RJ state (nearly 15% of the total) are included in some threat category either in the IUCN, Brazilian (ICMBio) or state lists of endangered species. We also report that seven of the reptiles recorded are non-indigenous to the state: Cnemidophorus aff. lemniscatus (= Cnemidophorus cryptus), Anolis sagrei, Trachemys scripta, Trachemys dorbigni, Hemidactylus mabouia, Crotalus durissus terrificus, and Rhinoclemmys punctularia. The checklist presented here provides a comprehensive database for further research on the herpetofauna of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

12.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 60Feb. 14, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487305

ABSTRACT

Abstract The lack of information on the occurrence of species in a region limits the understanding of the composition and structure of the local community and, consequently, restricts the proposition of effective measures for species conservation. In this study, we researched the reptiles in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve (DBBR), Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. We analyzed the parameters of the local community, such as richness, composition, and abundance of species. We conducted samplings from August 2017 to January 2019, through active search. We performed the samplings in nine standard plots of 250 meters in length. All individuals located in the plots or occasionally on the trails were registered. To evaluate sample effort to characterize the reptile community, we performed an accumulation curve of species, and to update the DBBR reptile list, we used as secondary data specimens deposited in collections and previously published studies. Considering primary and secondary data, we recorded 38 species, one chelonia, 13 lizards, and 24 snakes. Our study showed a richness of 15 additional species to the previous list of reptiles, increasing by about 40% the known richness to the area. We concluded that the DBBR holds a high richness of reptile species, representing 12% of the richness of reptiles of the Atlantic Forest and with a considerable number of endemic species in this biome. This suggests that the DBBR is an important forest fragment constituting a reservoir of the biodiversity of the reptiles of the Atlantic Forest.

13.
Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.) ; 37: e38877, Feb. 7, 2020. map, tab, ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1504589

ABSTRACT

Different spatial and temporal factors can influence the species richness and abundance of leaf anurans that are fundamental for the ecosystem functioning, as they act as predators and integrate the trophic chain as prey of other animals. There are relatively few studies that aimed to understand the spatio-temporal variation and the influence of environmental factors on leaf litter communities. We studied parameters of the anuran community living in the forest leaf litter in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve (DBBR), Espírito Santo, Brazil. We sought to understand the extent to which richness, abundance, biomass and density varied between two locations with different stages of preservation (primary and secondary forest). In addition, we tested the effect of temperature and local humidity on abundance. We conducted the samplings monthly from October 2017 to September 2018, establishing 98 4 x 4 m plots (16 m2 each) demarcated on the DBBR forest leaf litter. We measured temperature (°C) and relative air humidity (%), and each plot was carefully surveyed by four observers. We tested for differences in anuran density between the two sampled locations and estimated the effects of environmental variables in the community. We recorded 102 individuals of anurans from 11 species belonging to eight families. The DBBR anuran community parameters significantly differed between the two studied locations, with the highest values of anuran richness and abundance occurring in the area covered by primary forest, probably due to differences in the preservation of each area. However, temperature and humidity did not affect the abundance of anurans in the sampled areas. Our results provide the first information about spatial variation and influence of environmental factors, directed to the community of leaf litter anurans in DBBR, and represents the second study on this group of anurans in the state of Espírito Santo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anura , Spatio-Temporal Analysis , Biodiversity
14.
Zoologia (Curitiba) ; 37: e38877, 2020. mapas, tab, ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-30513

ABSTRACT

Different spatial and temporal factors can influence the species richness and abundance of leaf anurans that are fundamental for the ecosystem functioning, as they act as predators and integrate the trophic chain as prey of other animals. There are relatively few studies that aimed to understand the spatio-temporal variation and the influence of environmental factors on leaf litter communities. We studied parameters of the anuran community living in the forest leaf litter in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve (DBBR), Espírito Santo, Brazil. We sought to understand the extent to which richness, abundance, biomass and density varied between two locations with different stages of preservation (primary and secondary forest). In addition, we tested the effect of temperature and local humidity on abundance. We conducted the samplings monthly from October 2017 to September 2018, establishing 98 4 x 4 m plots (16 m2 each) demarcated on the DBBR forest leaf litter. We measured temperature (°C) and relative air humidity (%), and each plot was carefully surveyed by four observers. We tested for differences in anuran density between the two sampled locations and estimated the effects of environmental variables in the community. We recorded 102 individuals of anurans from 11 species belonging to eight families. The DBBR anuran community parameters significantly differed between the two studied locations, with the highest values of anuran richness and abundance occurring in the area covered by primary forest, probably due to differences in the preservation of each area. However, temperature and humidity did not affect the abundance of anurans in the sampled areas. Our results provide the first information about spatial variation and influence of environmental factors, directed to the community of leaf litter anurans in DBBR, and represents the second study on this group of anurans in the state of Espírito Santo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Anura , Biodiversity , Spatio-Temporal Analysis
15.
Nagy‐Reis, Mariana B.; Oshima, Júlia Emi de Faria; Kanda, Claudia Zukeran; Palmeira, Francesca Belem Lopes; Melo, Fabiano Rodrigues de; Morato, Ronaldo Gonçalves; Bonjorne, Lilian; Magioli, Marcelo; Leuchtenberger, Caroline; Rohe, Fabio; Lemos, Frederico Gemesio; Martello, Felipe; Alves‐Eigenheer, Milene; Silva, Rafaela Aparecida da; Santos, Juliana Silveira dos; Priante, Camila Fátima; Bernardo, Rodrigo; Rogeri, Patricia; Assis, Julia Camara; Gaspar, Lucas Pacciullio; Tonetti, Vinicius Rodrigues; Trinca, Cristiano Trapé; Ribeiro, Adauto de Souza; Bocchiglieri, Adriana; Hass, Adriani; Canteri, Adriano; Chiarello, Adriano Garcia; Paglia, Adriano Pereira; Pereira, Adriele Aparecida; Souza, Agnis Cristiane de; Gatica, Ailin; Medeiro, Akyllam Zoppi; Eriksson, Alan; Costa, Alan Nilo; González‐Gallina, Alberto; Yanosky, Alberto A; Cruz, Alejandro Jesus de la; Bertassoni, Alessandra; Bager, Alex; Bovo, Alex Augusto Abreu; Mol, Alexandra Cravino; Bezerra, Alexandra Maria Ramos; Percequillo, Alexandre; Vogliotti, Alexandre; Lopes, Alexandre Martins Costa; Keuroghlian, Alexine; Hartley, Alfonso Christopher Zúñiga; Devlin, Allison L.; Paula, Almir de; García‐Olaechea, Alvaro; Sánchez, Amadeo; Aquino, Ana Carla Medeiros Morato; Srbek‐Araujo, Ana Carolina; Ochoa, Ana Cecilia; Tomazzoni, Ana Cristina; Lacerda, Ana Cristyna Reis; Bacellar, Ana Elisa de Faria; Campelo, Ana Kellen Nogueira; Victoria, Ana María Herrera; Paschoal, Ana Maria de Oliveira; Potrich, Ana Paula; Gomes, Ana Paula Nascimento; Olímpio, Ana Priscila Medeiros; Costa, Ana Raissa Cunha; Jácomo, Anah Tereza de Almeida; Calaça, Analice Maria; Jesus, Anamélia Souza; Barban, Ananda de Barros; Feijó, Anderson; Pagoto, Anderson; Rolim, Anderson Claudino; Hermann, Andiara Paula; Souza, Andiara Silos Moraes de Castro e; Alonso, André Chein; Monteiro, André; Mendonça, André Faria; Luza, André Luís; Moura, André Luis Botelho; Silva, André Luiz Ferreira da; Lanna, Andre Monnerat; Antunes, Andre Pinassi; Nunes, André Valle; Dechner, Andrea; Carvalho, Andrea Siqueira; Novaro, Andres Jose; Scabin, Andressa Barbara; Gatti, Andressa; Nobre, Andrezza Bellotto; Montanarin, Anelise; Deffaci, Ângela Camila; Albuquerque, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de; Mangione, Antonio Marcelo; Pinto, Antonio Millas Silva; Pontes, Antonio Rossano Mendes; Bertoldi, Ariane Teixeira; Calouro, Armando Muniz; Fernandes, Arthur; Ferreira, Arystene Nicodemo; Ferreguetti, Atilla Colombo; Rosa, Augusto Lisboa Martins; Banhos, Aureo; Francisco, Beatriz da Silva de Souza; Cezila, Beatriz Azevedo; Beisiegel, Beatriz de Mello; Thoisy, Benoit de; Ingberman, Bianca; Neves, Bianca dos Santos; Pereira‐Silva, Brenda; Camargo, Bruna Bertagni de; Andrade, Bruna da Silva; Santos, Bruna Silva; Leles, Bruno; Campos, Bruno Augusto Torres Parahyba; Kubiak, Bruno Busnello; França, Bruno Rodrigo de Albuquerque; Saranholi, Bruno Henrique; Mendes, Calebe Pereira; Devids, Camila Cantagallo; Pianca, Camila; Rodrigues, Camila; Islas, Camila Alvez; Lima, Camilla Angélica de; Lima, Camilo Ribeiro de; Gestich, Carla Cristina; Tedesco, Carla Denise; Angelo, Carlos De; Fonseca, Carlos; Hass, Carlos; Peres, Carlos A.; Kasper, Carlos Benhur; Durigan, Carlos Cesar; Fragoso, Carlos Eduardo; Verona, Carlos Eduardo; Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte; Salvador, Carlos Henrique; Vieira, Carlos Leonardo; Ruiz, Carmen Elena Barragán; Cheida, Carolina Carvalho; Sartor, Caroline Charão; Espinosa, Caroline da Costa; Fieker, Carolline Zatta; Braga, Caryne; Sánchez‐Lalinde, Catalina; Machado, Cauanne Iglesias Campos; Cronemberger, Cecilia; Luna, Cecília Licarião; Vechio, Christine Del; Bernardo, Christine Steiner S.; Hurtado, Cindy Meliza; Lopes, Cíntia M.; Rosa, Clarissa Alves da; Cinta, Claudia Cristina; Costa, Claudia Guimaraes; Zárate‐Castañeda, Claudia Paola; Novaes, Claudio Leite; Jenkins, Clinton N.; Seixas, Cristiana Simão; Martin, Cristiane; Zaniratto, Cristiane Patrícia; López‐Fuerte, Cristina Fabiola; Cunha, Cristina Jaques da; Brito De‐Carvalho, Crizanto; Chávez, Cuauhtémoc; Santos, Cyntia Cavalcante; Polli, Daiana Jeronimo; Buscariol, Daiane; Carreira, Daiane Cristina; Galiano, Daniel; Thornton, Daniel; Ferraz, Daniel da Silva; Lamattina, Daniela; Moreno, Daniele Janina; Moreira, Danielle Oliveira; Farias, Danilo Augusto; Barros‐Battesti, Darci Moraes; Tavares, Davi Castro; Braga, David Costa; Gaspar, Denise Alemar; Friedeberg, Diana; Astúa, Diego; Silva, Diego Afonso; Viana, Diego Carvalho; Lizcano, Diego J.; Varela, Diego M.; Jacinavicius, Fernando de Castro; Andrade, Gabrielle Ribeiro de; Almeida, Maria Cristina Ferreira do Rosário; Onofrio, Valeria Castilho.
Ecology, v. 101, n. 11, e03128, nov. 2020
Article in English | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-3174

ABSTRACT

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non‐detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non‐governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peerreviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non‐detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio‐temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other largescale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data.

16.
Zootaxa ; 4624(4): zootaxa.4624.4.1, 2019 Jul 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31716195

ABSTRACT

Several species of Glaucomastix lizards have been described over the past decade, most of these inhabit inland Brazil. Glaucomastix abaetensis is a threatened whiptail endemic to Brazilian coastal "restinga" (sandy habitats) from Bahia State to Sergipe, with a distribution limited by riverine barriers. In order to investigate the differentiation and relationships in G. abaetensis, we integrated phylogeographic analysis, Bayesian species delimitation and morphological data to detect geographical patterns and historical events responsible for its present distribution. We recovered two highly divergent clades along its range, one of them unnamed. Glaucomastix itabaianensis sp. nov. has a a yellowish green tail, 13-16 scales in the lateral flank, 22-33 scales around tail, 28-35 femoral pores and usually four supraocular scales with the smaller one disposed posteriorly. Our results retrieved the monophyly of Glaucomastix, with G. venetacauda and G. cyanurus being sister species to a clade formed by G. littoralis and G. abaetensis. Divergence between Glaucomastix abaetensis and the new species occurred roughly 2.39 Myr ago; posterior shallow genetic divergences occurred mainly in Pleistocene. Finally, we present data on the conservation of this clade of whiptail lizards.


Subject(s)
Lizards , Animals , Bayes Theorem , Brazil , Ecosystem , Phylogeny , Phylogeography
17.
Pap. avulsos Zool. ; 59: e.20195959, Nov. 28, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24679

ABSTRACT

Many species are declining due to environmental and physical changes in their habitats. Such disturbs alter the availability of micro-habitats and influences the presence of lizards, being even worse for threatened and endemic species. Glaucomastix littoralis is a teiid species restricted to four restingas areas of Brazil. The understanding about the use and preferences of micro-habitats by the species and the consequents effects of substrate loss is important to prevent local extinctions. This study took place in restingas of Maricá, Jurubatiba and Grussaí, in Rio de Janeiro State. We sampled the vegetation of all areas, to access differences between the physical structures, and recorded the individuals sighted and the micro-habitat they were in, to investigate the relation of individuals and habitat structure. We calculated the frequency utilization of each micro-habitat and made a presence estimation of individuals (occupancy and detection probability) to assess which structural parameters of vegetation guide the settlement of the studied populations. Our data showed structural vegetation particularities among the areas and a trend concerning the use of micro-habitat by Glaucomastix littoralis, with a general preference for leaf litter inside bushes, guriri and bare sand and a low utilization of cactus and herbaceous. We also found positives (bare sand and cactus) and negatives (bushes) influences of micro-habitats in relation to the occupation of the areas by the individuals. Since vegetation is fundamental to lizards, due to their use as a refuge, site for thermoregulation and feeding, the understanding about the effects habitat degradation/fragmentation can cause is essential to create appropriate management plans and develop public policies to conserve the species.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Lizards , Ecosystem , Endangered Species , Conservation of Natural Resources , Brazil
18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31319170

ABSTRACT

The scarcity of data on natural history and ecology of lizards still limits the understanding of population dynamics for many species. We attempt to evaluate possible effects of climate change on the population dynamics of three lizard species (Ameiva ameiva, Gonatodes humeralis and Norops fuscoauratus) in two Amazonian localities (Caxiuanã National Forest and Ducke Reserve). We calculated a tolerance index combining environmental thermal adequacy with the b-d model, which consider survival and reproductive rates to calculate population dynamics. Thus, we simulated population growth rates based on current and future environmental operative temperatures, considering an optimistic and a business-as-usual scenario of greenhouse gases emissions (GGE), and evaluate if the sensitivity of life history traits to population growth rate are likely to be trigged by climate change. Our results demonstrated that both populations of G. humeralis and the Ducke population of N. fuscoauratus may become locally extinct under both scenarios of GGE, while both populations of A. ameiva are likely to decrease, but without reaching a scenario of local extirpation. This study represents the first effort to evaluate the sensitivity of lizard populations and elasticity to climate change and demonstrate the geographic variability of these traits in three widespread and habitat-generalist species. We highlight the need of new studies focusing on species with different biological trait patterns, such as endemic distributions and habitat-specialists, to provide the theoretical and empirical basis for biologically informed conservation strategies and actions, in order to minimize the potential extinction of populations due to climate change.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , Lizards/growth & development , Animals , Confidence Intervals , Population Dynamics , South America , Species Specificity
19.
Pap. avulsos zool ; 59: e.20195959, 25 mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487187

ABSTRACT

Many species are declining due to environmental and physical changes in their habitats. Such disturbs alter the availability of micro-habitats and influences the presence of lizards, being even worse for threatened and endemic species. Glaucomastix littoralis is a teiid species restricted to four restingas areas of Brazil. The understanding about the use and preferences of micro-habitats by the species and the consequents effects of substrate loss is important to prevent local extinctions. This study took place in restingas of Maricá, Jurubatiba and Grussaí, in Rio de Janeiro State. We sampled the vegetation of all areas, to access differences between the physical structures, and recorded the individuals sighted and the micro-habitat they were in, to investigate the relation of individuals and habitat structure. We calculated the frequency utilization of each micro-habitat and made a presence estimation of individuals (occupancy and detection probability) to assess which structural parameters of vegetation guide the settlement of the studied populations. Our data showed structural vegetation particularities among the areas and a trend concerning the use of micro-habitat by Glaucomastix littoralis, with a general preference for leaf litter inside bushes, guriri and bare sand and a low utilization of cactus and herbaceous. We also found positives (bare sand and cactus) and negatives (bushes) influences of micro-habitats in relation to the occupation of the areas by the individuals. Since vegetation is fundamental to lizards, due to their use as a refuge, site for thermoregulation and feeding, the understanding about the effects habitat degradation/fragmentation can cause is essential to create appropriate management plans and develop public policies to conserve the species.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ecosystem , Endangered Species , Lizards , Brazil , Conservation of Natural Resources
20.
Zoologia (Curitiba) ; 35: 1-5, 2018. ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-18387

ABSTRACT

We investigated the daily activity and thermoregulatory body orientation of Mabuya macrorhyncha (Hoge, 1947), a lizard species that occurs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We conducted this investigation in a sandy coastal dune remnant (restinga ecosystem) in Grussaí, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the summer. The daily activity cycle of the lizards started around 6:00 am and ended before 7:00 pm. This is longer than observed in other populations of M. macrorhyncha (approximately 7:00 am to 5:00 pm). The activity cycle of the lizards was bimodal, with the first peak between 6:00 and 11:00 am and the second from 2:00 to 7:00 pm. This contrasts with observations on other populations of this species, which revealed an unimodal pattern. The mean body temperature of M. macrorhyncha in Grussaí was 34.2 ± 1.5 °C, which was comparatively higher than observed in other populations of the species. The differences in the daily activity and of body temperature of these lizards between our study and previous studies on this species may reflect environmental thermal conditions. The mean air and mean substrate temperatures when individuals were active were 27.8 and 30.5 °C respectively. Lizard orientation was significantly correlated with the direction of the solar incidence, suggesting that solar radiation, and particularly behavioral adjustments that maximize exposure to the sun, are important for the thermoregulation of M. macrorhyncha. Circular structures at the site, such as bromeliads, offer microhabitats with different orientations to the sunlight, favoring lizard thermoregulatory behaviors.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Lizards , Body Temperature Regulation , Activity Cycles , Orientation, Spatial , Behavior, Animal , Wetlands , Brazil
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL