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1.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(14)2023 Jul 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37510448

ABSTRACT

Health is a multidimensional concept with notable psychological factors, such as self-perceived health (SPH). SPH is defined as the subjective assessment of individual health status, and it integrates information related to both physical and psychological aspects, such as lifestyle. This study describes the development of the Self-Perceived Health Scale (SPHS), and its validation in a Mexican sample (n = 600). Exploratory factor analysis (n = 303) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 293) were carried out, and they supported the three-dimensionality of the SPH construct: physical health, psychological health, and healthy lifestyle. A final 12-item scale was obtained, and the scale showed adequate validity and reliability, as well as measurement invariance between sexes, indicating its robustness.

2.
rev. psicogente ; 25(48): 1-23, jul.-dic. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1424774

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Diseñar y validar un cuestionario para medir el compromiso académico en una población universitaria mexicana. Método: Se realizó un estudio de tipo instrumental donde participaron 362 estudiantes, el 70,1 % eran mujeres y el 29,9 % eran hombres, ambos grupos con una edad media de 20 años (DT = 2,7), que fueran estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Se utilizó un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) mediante el método de extracción mínimos cuadrados ponderados y rotación oblicua, y Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: Se obtuvo una estructura pentafactorial siendo estas involucramiento, rendimiento, reforzadores, interacción socioeducativa y resiliencia, explicando el 47,87 % de la varianza. La consistencia interna del instrumento estimada con el coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach (α = 0,82), obteniendo parámetros de ajuste adecuados: CFI = 0,942, GFI = 0,939, AGFI = 0,920, PGFI = 0,716, RMSEA = 0,34. Discusión: El cuestionario de compromiso académico para población universitaria mexicana muestra propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, considerando factores como el involucramiento en el estudio, el rendimiento donde el alumno demuestra sus capacidades y habilidades académicas, los reforzadores que motivan al alumno en sus estudios, la valoración positiva del desempeño futuro que tendrá el alumno como profesional y la resiliencia del alumno para llevar a cabo sus tareas escolares ante situaciones estresantes


Abstract Objective: This paper aims to design and validate a questionnaire to measure Academic Engagement in a mexican university population. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 362 students participated, 70,1 % were female and 29,9 % were male, the total sample had a mean age of 20 years (SD = 2,7), who were Mexican university students. Results: The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were carried out with weighted least squares extraction method and oblique rotation, obtained a pentafactorial structure with involvement, performance, reinforcers, socio-educative interaction and resilience, explaining 47,87 % of the variance. The internal consistency of the instrument was estimated with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (α = 0,82), obtaining adequate adjustment parameters: CFI = 0,942, GFI = 0,939, AGFI = 0,920, PGFI = 0,716, RMSEA = 0,34. Discussion: The academic commitment questionnaire for the Mexican university population has adequate psychometric properties, considering factors such as the involvement in the study, performance where the student demonstrates his academic abilities and skills, reinforcers that motivate the student in his studies, positive valuation of the future performance that the student will have as a professional, and resilience of the student to carry out his school tasks in stressful situations.

3.
Salud ment ; Salud ment;45(4): 199-208, Jul.-Aug. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1410093

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The chronic aspect that begins to characterize long COVID appeals to the need for interventions proposed by institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to manage the disease, emphasizing behavioral change and self-care. Objective To perform a narrative review of the psychological literature that offers intervention strategies in alignment with the recommendations of the long COVID management guidelines proposed by WHO and NICE. Method MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, and CONRICYT databases were consulted, using Boolean operators and keywords for an exhaustive search. Results The contributions of the studies were categorized into five intervention strategies based on WHO and NICE recommendation guidelines: Psychoeducation, Self-care, Support networks, Relaxation, and Goal setting. These are given a brief introduction and their relevance to the management of long COVID symptomatology is described. Discussion and conclusion The persistent condition of COVID-19 symptoms makes it necessary to recognize that lifestyle changes must be made, primarily focused on health care and prevention of worsening disease sequelae. These lifestyle changes can be achieved through behavior modification, focusing on protective factors such as education, self-care, support networks, relaxation techniques and, setting appropriate goals.


Resumen Antecedentes El aspecto crónico que empieza a caracterizar al COVID persistente hace un llamado a la propuesta de intervenciones desde instituciones como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y el National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) para lograr un manejo de la enfermedad, el cambio conductual y el autocuidado. Objetivo Elaborar una revisión narrativa sobre la literatura psicológica que ofrece estrategias de intervención acordes a las recomendaciones de las guías de manejo del COVID persistente propuestas por la OMS y el NICE. Método Se consultaron las bases de datos MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane y CONRICYT. Se utilizaron operadores booleanos y palabras claves para una búsqueda exhaustiva. Resultados Las aportaciones de los estudios fueron categorizadas en cinco estrategias de intervención basadas en las guías de recomendación de la OMS y el NICE: Psicoeducación, Autocuidado, Redes de apoyo, Relajación y Establecimiento de metas. En ellas se realiza una breve introducción y se expone su relevancia para el manejo de la sintomatología del COVID persistente. Discusión y conclusión El padecimiento persistente de los síntomas del COVID-19 hace necesario reconocer que deben realizarse cambios en el estilo de vida, principalmente enfocados en el cuidado de la salud y la prevención del empeoramiento de las secuelas de la enfermedad. Estos cambios en el estilo de vida podrán lograrse mediante la modificación de la conducta, orientándola a factores protectores como la educación, el autocuidado, las redes de apoyo, las técnicas de relajación y el establecimiento de metas adecuadas.

4.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 66 Suppl 2: 1-39, 2019.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31443138

ABSTRACT

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction with a rapid onset and it is potentially life-threatening. Its clinical manifestations are varied; they may affect the skin, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, and the digestive system, among others. The treatment of choice, which is an intra-muscular injection of epinephrine (adrenaline), must be applied promptly. Therefore, being prepared to recognize it properly is of crucial importance. The objective of this clinical practice guide is to improve the knowledge of health professionals about anaphylaxis and, consequently, to optimize the treatment and long-term management of this reaction. This guide is adapted to the peculiarities of Latin America; especially in matters regarding the treatment. The need to introduce epinephrine auto-injectors in countries that don't have them yet is highlighted.


La anafilaxia es una reacción alérgica grave de instauración rápida y potencialmente mortal. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son muy variadas, pudiendo afectar la piel, el sistema cardiovascular, el aparato respiratorio y el digestivo, entre otros. El tratamiento de elección, mediante la inyección intramuscular de adrenalina, debe ser precoz. Por lo anterior, es vital estar preparados para reconocerla adecuadamente. El objetivo de la presente guía de actuación clínica es mejorar el conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios sobre anafilaxia y, consecuentemente, optimizar el tratamiento y manejo a largo plazo de esta entidad. La guía está adaptada a las peculiaridades de América Latina, especialmente en los aspectos relativos al tratamiento. Se destaca la necesidad de introducir los autoinyectores de adrenalina en los países que no dispongan de ellos.


Subject(s)
Anaphylaxis , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Adrenergic Agonists/administration & dosage , Adrenergic Agonists/therapeutic use , Adult , Algorithms , Anaphylaxis/diagnosis , Anaphylaxis/epidemiology , Anaphylaxis/etiology , Anaphylaxis/therapy , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease Management , Drug Administration Routes , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Glucagon/administration & dosage , Glucagon/therapeutic use , Humans , Immunologic Tests , Patient Education as Topic , Self Administration , Vasoconstrictor Agents/administration & dosage , Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use
7.
Univ. med ; 31(2): 113-117, jun. 1990. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-395589

ABSTRACT

Se presentaron dos casos de leiomioblastoma gástrico tipo epiteloide, sacados de los archivos del departamento de patología del hospital San Ignacio. Esta neoplasia aunque rara, es interesante, ya que su comportamiento biológicono siempre esta de acuerdo con su aspecto histológico.


Subject(s)
Case-Control Studies , Leiomyoma, Epithelioid , Colombia
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