Digital competence of teachers in the use of ICT for research work: development of an instrument from a PLS-SEM approach.

All spheres of our life are being affected using technology, particularly its integration in the research processes carried out by teachers. The success of the integration of specific digital resources in research work can be affected by several factors, such as: digital skills for finding information, managing it, analyzing it, and communicating results; digital flow; anxiety in the use of ICT; digital ethics; quality of digital resources; and finally, the behavioral intention to integrate ICT. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the integration of ICT in the research process of the Higher Education teacher, and the relation between them. An online survey was used to collect data, and 1740 participants. This study used a causal model through partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). With this, the hypotheses established between the integration of ICT and its possible incident factors were verified. The findings revealed a significant influence path from factor integration to digital skills, ethics, flow digital, and behavior intention. Although, resource quality and ICT anxiety had significant effects on the causal model, they did not have a large impact on teachers' integration of digital resources. The total of these factors corresponded to 48.20% of the variance in the integration of the researcher of the specific digital resources to be used in the research process. These results confirm that this model is effective in explaining the technological integration of teachers to use ICT in research work.

Digital competence of higher education professor according to DigCompEdu. Statistical research methods with ANOVA between fields of knowledge in different age ranges.

The tasks of the university educators must be linked to the digital demands posed by the more sophisticated professions of the twenty-first century. Faced with this panorama, the objective of this study is to examine and compare the degree of digital competence of Higher Education educators from different fields of knowledge and different age ranges according to the DigCompEdu framework. A non-probabilistic ex post facto sampling was utilized with 2180 university professors from Andalusia (Spain). The main results of the study provide evidence of an intermediate level of digital competence, for men and women. More specifically, the male professors in Architecture and Judicial & Social Sciences, younger and older than 40, possessed a higher level, as compared to the other fields. For the female professors, the highest level was found once again in Judicial and Social Sciences, in this case for both age ranges, without a clear trend found for the rest of the fields. For each dimension of the DigCompEdu instrument, the level of competence follows the same trend with respect to the overall level. More research is recommended to validate these preliminary results, as well as the development of training lines of action that are specific and adapted to each field of knowledge.

Impacto de una acción formativa en la prevalencia de automedicación del alumnado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga / Impact of a training action on the prevalence of self-medication among students from the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Malaga

OBJETIVOS: Primario: analizar la prevalencia y perfil de automedicación de los alumnos de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Secundarios: reconocer posibles factores de riesgo relacionados con la automedicación, evaluar el grado de conocimiento sobre automedicación y uso racional de los medicamentos y valorar a 6 meses el efecto de una intervención educativa sobre los objetivos previamente referidos. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y transversal de prevalencia de automedicación y factores de riesgo relacionados con la misma, mediante realización de encuesta anónima diseñada para tal fin, así como estudio analítico cuasi-experimental, del tipo antes-después, para detectar diferencias en la prevalencia y perfil de automedicación tras la realización de la intervención educativa. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de automedicación reconocida por los alumnos fue del 72,7%, siendo mayor entre aquellos que aconsejaban o prestaban medicamentos, opinaban que la automedicación es una práctica eficaz y cuyos progenitores no poseían estudios universitarios. Tras la intervención educativa no disminuyó la prevalencia de automedicación, pero sí el hábito de recomendar y prestar medicamentos, el consumo de anticonceptivos y la creencia en la eficacia de la automedicación. Se observó una mejora en la clasificación correcta de los grupos farmacológicos, pasando del 45,4% al 58,2%, fundamentalmente en relación con un reconocimiento más adecuado de la antibioterapia y discriminación correcta de analgésicos y antiinflamatorios. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados demuestran una alta prevalencia de automedicación en población universitaria, y sugieren la necesidad de implementar intervenciones educativas específicas en salud y uso racional de los medicamentos

OBJECTIVES: Primary: analyze the prevalence and profile of self-medication habits among the students of the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Malaga. Secondary: identify posibles factores de riesgo relacionados con la automedicación, possible risk factors related to self-medication, evaluate the degree of knowledge about self-medication and rational use of medicines, this was re-assessed 6 months after an educational intervention. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study on the prevalence of self-medication habits and the risk factors derived from said habits. It was based on a specially designed anonymous survey and a quasi-experimental before-and-after analytical study in order to detect differences in the prevalence of self-medication and the profile of those with a tendency to self-medicate after completing the educational intervention. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-medication, as acknowledged by the students, was 72.7%. Self-medication was much more common among those students who recommended or lent medication to others, who considered that self-medication is an effective practice and whose parents do not have university studies. After the educational intervention, self-medication prevalence did not decrease regardless of the variable under analysis. What did decrease, however, was the habit of recommending and lending medication, the use of contraceptives and the belief that self-medication is an effective practice. We should highlight a higher accuracy in the classification of pharmacological groups (from 45.4% to 58.2%), particularly as regards a better understanding of antibiotic treatments and a correct distinction between painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The results show a high prevalence of self-medication in university population, and suggest the need to implement specific educational interventions in health and rational use of medicines

Utilización de Internet y dependencia a teléfonos móviles en adolescentes / Using Internet and dependence on mobile phones in adolescents / A utilização da Internet e a dependência de celulares dos adolescentes

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo ha sido analizar el uso que los adolescentes realizan de Internet y los teléfonos móviles. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo, para la muestra se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 10 centros educativos, registrando 874 encuestas. Los adolescentes utilizan masivamente la Red, accediendo a la misma cada vez más a través del teléfono móvil, no aparecen casos llamativos de dependencia en el empleo del teléfono móvil. Otro de los problemas detectados ha sido el del tiempo de conexión a Internet, que aumenta de manera significativa al igual que destacan otros estudios similares. Es fundamental potenciar el papel de familias y centros educativos para dotar a los jóvenes de estrategias que les permitan realizar unos usos adecuados.

The main objective of this study was to analyze the use made of the teenagers Internet and mobile phones. A descriptive design was used, for the sample were randomly selected 10 schools, registering 874 surveys. Teens use Internet massively, increasingly accessed via mobile phone, although do not show a lot of cases of dependency on the use of mobile phone. Another of the problems identified was the Internet connection time, which increases significantly as others similar studies indicates. It is essential to enhance the role of families and schools to equip young people with strategies to do adequate use.

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o uso da Internet e de celulares pelos adolescentes. Utilizou-se um modelo descritivo. Para a amostra, a seleção ocorreu de forma aleatória em 10 centros educativos, registrando 874 respostas. Os adolescentes utilizam massivamente a Internet e a acessam cada vez mais por meio dos smartphones. Não constam, nesta pesquisa, casos marcantes de dependência no emprego do smartphone. Outro dos problemas detectados tem sido o do tempo de conexão à Internet, que aumenta de maneira significativa, conforme destacam outros estudos similares. É fundamental reforçar o papel das famílias e das escolas na hora de adotar estratégias que permitam aos jovens utilizar a internet de modo adequado, visando a potencialização de suas capacidades cognitivas.