Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast / Atividades biológicas de extratos de invertebrados marinhos da costa nordeste do Brasil

Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing β-galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

Resumo Este artigo reporta as atividades in vitro antiproliferativa, atiprotozoárica, anti-herpética e antimicrobiana de 32 extratos orgânicos provenientes de 14 esponjas marinhas e 14 corais coletados no litoral nordestino brasileiro. Os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa e Tedania ignis, e o extrato acetônico de Dysidea sp. demonstraram resultados promissores em relação aos efeitos antiproliferativos frente as linhagens celulares A549, HCT-8, PC-3 pelo método da sulforrodamina B, mas sem especificidade. Em relação à atividade antiprotozárica, os extratos etanólico de Amphimedon compressa e acetônico e etanólico de Dysidea sp. apresentaram atividade contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma cruzi através do método de expressão de β-galactosidase em células THP-1. Na investigação preliminar de atividade antiviral frente ao vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 (cepa KOS), os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. e Chondrosia collectrix inibiram mais de 50% da replicação viral. O extrato etanólico da esponja Haliclona sp. demonstrou resultados promissores para atividade anti-herpética com altos índices de seletividade para as cepas KOS (IS >50) e 29R (IS>79) frente ao VHS-1 e cepa 333 (IS>108) frente ao VHS-2. O extrato etanólico da esponja Amphimedon compressa exibiu uma pequena atividade contra Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli pelo método de difusão em disco. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os extratos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis e Dysidea sp. serão selecionados para futuros estudos de isolamento e identificação dos compostos bioativos para as atividades antiproliferativa e antiprozoárica. O extrato etanólico de Haliclona sp. será investigado por possuir atividade relevante anti-herpética.

Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast.

This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing ß-galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast / Atividades biológicas de extratos de invertebrados marinhos da costa nordeste do Brasil

This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing -galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.(AU)

Este artigo reporta as atividades in vitro antiproliferativa, atiprotozoárica, anti-herpética e antimicrobiana de 32 extratos orgânicos provenientes de 14 esponjas marinhas e 14 corais coletados no litoral nordestino brasileiro. Os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa e Tedania ignis, e o extrato acetônico de Dysidea sp. demonstraram resultados promissores em relação aos efeitos antiproliferativos frente as linhagens celulares A549, HCT-8, PC-3 pelo método da sulforrodamina B, mas sem especificidade. Em relação à atividade antiprotozárica, os extratos etanólico de Amphimedon compressa e acetônico e etanólico de Dysidea sp. apresentaram atividade contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma cruzi através do método de expressão de -galactosidase em células THP-1. Na investigação preliminar de atividade antiviral frente ao vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 (cepa KOS), os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. e Chondrosia collectrix inibiram mais de 50% da replicação viral. O extrato etanólico da esponja Haliclona sp. demonstrou resultados promissores para atividade anti-herpética com altos índices de seletividade para as cepas KOS (IS >50) e 29R (IS>79) frente ao VHS-1 e cepa 333 (IS>108) frente ao VHS-2. O extrato etanólico da esponja Amphimedon compressa exibiu uma pequena atividade contra Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli pelo método de difusão em disco. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os extratos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis e Dysidea sp. serão selecionados para futuros estudos de isolamento e identificação dos compostos bioativos para as atividades antiproliferativa e antiprozoárica. O extrato etanólico de Haliclona sp. será investigado por possuir atividade relevante anti-herpética.(AU)

Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast

Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing -galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

Resumo Este artigo reporta as atividades in vitro antiproliferativa, atiprotozoárica, anti-herpética e antimicrobiana de 32 extratos orgânicos provenientes de 14 esponjas marinhas e 14 corais coletados no litoral nordestino brasileiro. Os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa e Tedania ignis, e o extrato acetônico de Dysidea sp. demonstraram resultados promissores em relação aos efeitos antiproliferativos frente as linhagens celulares A549, HCT-8, PC-3 pelo método da sulforrodamina B, mas sem especificidade. Em relação à atividade antiprotozárica, os extratos etanólico de Amphimedon compressa e acetônico e etanólico de Dysidea sp. apresentaram atividade contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma cruzi através do método de expressão de -galactosidase em células THP-1. Na investigação preliminar de atividade antiviral frente ao vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 (cepa KOS), os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. e Chondrosia collectrix inibiram mais de 50% da replicação viral. O extrato etanólico da esponja Haliclona sp. demonstrou resultados promissores para atividade anti-herpética com altos índices de seletividade para as cepas KOS (IS >50) e 29R (IS>79) frente ao VHS-1 e cepa 333 (IS>108) frente ao VHS-2. O extrato etanólico da esponja Amphimedon compressa exibiu uma pequena atividade contra Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli pelo método de difusão em disco. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os extratos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis e Dysidea sp. serão selecionados para futuros estudos de isolamento e identificação dos compostos bioativos para as atividades antiproliferativa e antiprozoárica. O extrato etanólico de Haliclona sp. será investigado por possuir atividade relevante anti-herpética.

Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast

Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing -galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

Resumo Este artigo reporta as atividades in vitro antiproliferativa, atiprotozoárica, anti-herpética e antimicrobiana de 32 extratos orgânicos provenientes de 14 esponjas marinhas e 14 corais coletados no litoral nordestino brasileiro. Os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa e Tedania ignis, e o extrato acetônico de Dysidea sp. demonstraram resultados promissores em relação aos efeitos antiproliferativos frente as linhagens celulares A549, HCT-8, PC-3 pelo método da sulforrodamina B, mas sem especificidade. Em relação à atividade antiprotozárica, os extratos etanólico de Amphimedon compressa e acetônico e etanólico de Dysidea sp. apresentaram atividade contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma cruzi através do método de expressão de -galactosidase em células THP-1. Na investigação preliminar de atividade antiviral frente ao vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 (cepa KOS), os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. e Chondrosia collectrix inibiram mais de 50% da replicação viral. O extrato etanólico da esponja Haliclona sp. demonstrou resultados promissores para atividade anti-herpética com altos índices de seletividade para as cepas KOS (IS >50) e 29R (IS>79) frente ao VHS-1 e cepa 333 (IS>108) frente ao VHS-2. O extrato etanólico da esponja Amphimedon compressa exibiu uma pequena atividade contra Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli pelo método de difusão em disco. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os extratos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis e Dysidea sp. serão selecionados para futuros estudos de isolamento e identificação dos compostos bioativos para as atividades antiproliferativa e antiprozoárica. O extrato etanólico de Haliclona sp. será investigado por possuir atividade relevante anti-herpética.

Liver abscess as a first manifestation of colonic tumor.

INTRODUCTION: Male, 72-year-old, morbidly obese, diabetic, admitted for abdominal pain, prostration and fever that started last 3 days. Abdominal ultrasound and abdominal computed tomography scan showed liver injury in the transition of V and VI segments measuring 8.4 cm. Due to the possibility of liver abscess, initiate empirical antibiotic therapy with ampicillin and sulbactam and metronidazole and performed ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage of liver injury. Negative for malignant cells, with the presence of leukocytes and negative culture. After 2 weeks of treatment, take control image without changing the lesion dimension. New percutaneous drainage with the same results. We opted for performing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine-needle aspiration (FNA). FNA pathology: Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry suggestive of metastasis of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Due this finding, realized colonoscopy, which revealed a vegetating lesion with central ulceration, bleeding, filling almost the entire cecum. Patient was referred for surgical resection of the bowel tumor, which showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma infiltrating vegetative and possibly originated from villous adenoma with high-grade dysplasia. DISCUSSION: The finding of metastatic liver abscess of colonic neoplasia is not common. In most cases, the material from the abscess drainage allows the diagnosis, but in this case, even after two ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was not obtained conclusive bacteriological or histopathological. Opted for new puncture through EUS, which allowed definitive diagnosis of the condition. CONCLUSION: Metastatic colon neoplasm should be considered in cases of differential diagnosis of liver abscess.

Diagnosis of ganglionar tuberculosis by endoscopic ultrasonography.

INTRODUCTION: The endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is an endoscopic technique of proven clinical validity today, having a significant impact on the diagnosis and evaluation of several diseases with a low complication rate. The EUS-fine-needle aspiration (FNA) allows the evaluation of subepithelial lesions, extra-luminal lymph nodes or the gastrointestinal tract that are difficult to access by other methods with safe and high diagnostic accuracy. AIMS AND METHODS: In the case reported, the EUS-FNA was useful for the differential diagnosis with residual biliary microlithiasis and the diagnosis of non-oncologic pathology. RESULTS: Male, white, 35-year-old, human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis treatment for about 5 months presented with jaundice. No fever, weight loss or abdominal pain. Choluria and hipocholia. History of cholecystectomy for about 1 year due to cholelithiasis. Laboratory tests showed cholestatic jaundice (direct hyperbilirrubinemia). Abdominal ultrasound showed liver without particularities, without biliary dilatation or filling defects. Initially suspected hepatitis due tuberculosis drugs so, the treatment was suspended. After a week with no drugs, no improvement in jaundice was observed. In contrast, a progressive increase indirect bilirubin. EUS performed with identification of mass along the distal common bile duct near the duodenal papilla. FNA performed with the presence of lymphocytes and tuberculosis bacile positive. After, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed with sphincterotomy and placement of endoprosthesis for biliary drainage. The tuberculosis drugs were restarted with the plan to complete. The jaundice was resoluted. The patient completed 9 months of treatment and abdominal tomography has not identified a mass in that place. CONCLUSION: The EUS-FNA was proven to be a useful tool for diagnosis of non-oncologic pathologies like tuberculosis.

A superfamily of variant genes encoded in the subtelomeric region of Plasmodium vivax.

The malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax causes disease in humans, including chronic infections and recurrent relapses, but the course of infection is rarely fatal, unlike that caused by Plasmodium falciparum. To investigate differences in pathogenicity between P. vivax and P. falciparum, we have compared the subtelomeric domains in the DNA of these parasites. In P. falciparum, subtelomeric domains are conserved and contain ordered arrays of members of multigene families, such as var, rif and stevor, encoding virulence determinants of cytoadhesion and antigenic variation. Here we identify, through the analysis of a continuous 155,711-base-pair sequence of a P. vivax chromosome end, a multigene family called vir, which is specific to P. vivax. The vir genes are present at about 600-1,000 copies per haploid genome and encode proteins that are immunovariant in natural infections, indicating that they may have a functional role in establishing chronic infection through antigenic variation.

Isolation and characterization of cell membranes from human placenta.

Two enriched plasma membrane subfractions were obtained from syncytiotrophoblast isolated from human placenta. They were isolated from a "crude" plasma membrane fraction at the buffer-24% and 24-30% (w/w) sucrose interfaces of a sucrose gradient; another enriched plasma membrane fraction was isolated from the microsomal fraction at buffer-24% (w/w) sucrose interface and was similar to that isolated from the "crude" plasma membrane fraction at the same sucrose density. Although all three subfractions contain a high specific activity in 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase, the specific activity was twofold higher in the lighter than in the heavier subfractions. The activities of succinate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidase, acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase indicated very low contamination with other organelles. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis resolved the polypeptides of the plasma membrane subfractions into about 14 major protein bands; no differences were observed in the patterns of the two enriched plasma membrane subfractions derived from the "crude" plasma membrane fraction.

Isolation and characterization of cell membranes from human placenta.

Two enriched plasma membrane subfractions were obtained from syncytiotrophoblast isolated from human placenta. They were isolated from a [quot ]crude[quot ] plasma membrane fraction at the buffer-24

and 24-30

(w/w) sucrose interfaces of a sucrose gradient; another enriched plasma membrane fraction was isolated from the microsomal fraction at buffer-24

(w/w) sucrose interface and was similar to that isolated from the [quot ]crude[quot ] plasma membrane fraction at the same sucrose density. Although all three subfractions contain a high specific activity in 5-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase, the specific activity was twofold higher in the lighter than in the heavier subfractions. The activities of succinate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidase, acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase indicated very low contamination with other organelles. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis resolved the polypeptides of the plasma membrane subfractions into about 14 major protein bands; no differences were observed in the patterns of the two enriched plasma membrane subfractions derived from the [quot ]crude[quot ] plasma membrane fraction.

Informe preliminar sobre un estudio de campo en gran escala con vacuna cox-lederle de virus poliomielítico atenuado, administrada por vía oral, en el Condado de Dade (Miami) Florida / Preliminary report on a case study on the use of tha cox-lederle vaccine, administered via oral methods in Dade County Florida

1. El trabajo presenta los datos preliminares de un estudio de campo hecho en el condado de Dade, Florida, en que fueron vacunadas 412.000 personas con una sola dosis, administrada por vía oral, de vacuna antipoliomielítica trivalente Cox-Lederle de virus vivo atenuado

2. Se informa sobre los estudios de anticuerpos poliomielíticos neutralizadores en 594 individuos que carecían de anticuerpos de uno o más tipos de virus poliomielítico antes de la vacunación oral. La eficacia de la vacuna, medida por su capacidad de producir anticuerpos en estos individuos, fue la siguiente: 95 por ciento para el tipo 1, 97 por ciento para el tipo 3 y 78 por ciento para el tipo 2

3. Nuestra experiencia nos lleva a creer que los estudios de campo en gran escala de la vacuna antipoliomielítica de administración oral pueden y deben ser llevados a cabo en los grupos sociales y geográficos y grupos de edad en los cuales se proyecta, en definitiva, utilizar la vacuna(AU)

Publicado en inglés en Scientific Publication 50:435-444, 1960