Citizen scientists study beach litter along 12,000 km of the East Pacific coast: A baseline for the International Plastic Treaty.

Anthropogenic Marine Litter (AML) accumulating on beaches causes damage to coastal ecosystems and high costs to local communities. Volunteers sampled AML on 130 beaches along the central and southern East Pacific coasts, with AML densities ranging from 0.46 to 2.26 items m-2 in the different countries. AML composition was dominated by plastics and cigarette butts, the latter especially in Mexico and Chile. The accumulation of AML in the upper zones of the beaches and substantial proportions of cigarette butts, glass and metal pointed mainly to local sources. Statistical modelling of litter sources on continental beaches revealed that tourism, access and related infrastructure (e.g. parking lots) best explained AML densities, while plastic densities were also influenced by the distance from river mouths and national Gross Domestic Product. Large-scale monitoring can be a useful tool to evaluate the effectiveness of public policies that should primarily focus on land sources.

Sindrome de Cotard: Monicete, el haitiano / Cotard's syndrome: Monicete, the Haitian

Paciente NN de sexo masculino, de edad media, es traído por carabineros al Servicio de Urgencia del Instituto, luego de haber realizado intento suicida por ahorcamiento. El paciente no aporta mayor información respecto de sus datos demográficos ni cuenta con identificación. Existe falta de cooperación y aparentes dificultades con el manejo del idioma. Paciente de raza negra, muy enflaquecido, de unos 40 a 50 años de edad, desaseado. Lúcido y orientado. Juicio de realidad alterado. Hipótesis Diagnóstica: Síndrome Suicidal. Psicosis Lúcida. Desnutrición Calórico-Proteica. Social: Situación de identidad y documentación. Red de apoyo. No se ha logrado contactar familiares. Debido a la situación de indocumentación, se dificulta el realizar varios estudios médicos. Idioma criollo haitiano (creol). Migración: Es conocido el aumento de la población migrante en nuestro país. El desafío de la competencia cultural.

NN male patient, middle age, is brought by police to the Institute's Emergency Department, after having committed a suicide attempt by hanging. The patient does not provide more information regarding his / her demographic data or has identification. There is a lack of cooperation and apparent difficulties with language management. Black patient, very emaciated, about 40 to 50 years of age, dirty. Lucid and oriented. Altered judgment of reality. Diagnostic Hypothesis: Suicidal Syndrome. Lucid Psychosis. Caloric-Protein Malnutrition. Social: Status of identity and documentation. Supporting net. Family members could not be reached. Due to the undocumented situation, it is difficult to perform several medical studies. Haitian Creole language. Migration: It is known the increase of the migrant population in our country. The challenge of cultural competence.