Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Systemic Therapy of Spinal Cord Injury of Moderate Severity with Human Umbilical Cord Placental Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Indicators of Dispersion of Articular Angles in the Swimming Test.

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were used as models of moderate contusion spinal cord injury to evaluate the efficiency of single systemic (intravenous) infusion of human mononuclear cord blood cells for restoration of the motor function of hind limbs. The dynamics of recovery of hind limb motor function was assessed using a specially designed method based on calculation of selective dispersion and amplitude-dependent dispersion of hind limbs joint angles measured in the swimming test. The obtained data suggest that systemic application of human mononuclear cord blood cells significantly (p<0.05) promoted recovery of hind limb motor function in the animal models of contusion spinal cord injury of moderate severity in comparison with control animals (without cell therapy).

Exact Off Shell Sudakov Form Factor in N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory.

We consider the Sudakov form factor in planar N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in the off shell kinematical regime, which can be achieved by considering the theory on its Coulomb branch. We demonstrate that for up to three loops both the infrared-divergent as well as the finite terms do exponentiate, with the coefficient accompanying log^{2}(m^{2}) determined by the octagon anomalous dimension Γ_{oct}. This behavior is in stark contrast to previous conjectural accounts in the literature. Together with the finite terms we observe that for up to three loops the logarithm of the Sudakov form factor is identical to twice the logarithm of the null octagon O_{0}, which was recently introduced within the context of integrability-based approaches to four point correlation functions with infinitely large R charges. The null octagon O_{0} is known in a closed form for all values of the 't Hooft coupling constant and kinematical parameters. We conjecture that the relation between O_{0} and the off shell Sudakov form factor will hold to all loop orders.

A Method of Assessment of the Motor Function of Hind Limbs by Swim Test in Spinal Cord Injury Models.

In most studies, various load tests are used to assess the recovery of functions after spinal cord injury in animals. However, the existing methods of assessing the movement in animals are not sufficiently accurate and objective. We developed a new method for assessing motor activity of laboratory animals that allows objective and highly accurate evaluation of movements in animals with serious neurological disorders caused by spinal cord injury. The swimming test was used as the main load test. Motor activity of swimming animals was assessed by measuring angles relative to the axis of motion, and the degree of angle spread for each joint and limb was estimated using the dispersion parameters depending on the values of the angles of the joints and the dispersion depending on the amplitudes of the angles. In Sprague-Dawley rats, contusion of the spinal cord at the Th9 level was modeled. In the swimming test, healthy control animals showed stability of both variance indicators over 6 weeks. In rats with spinal cord injury, motor activity of the hind limbs tended to increase from the first to the third weeks and remained at this level from the third to sixth weeks. The results suggest that the proposed method can become a good analogue of modern methods for assessing motor activity.

Comparison of the Efficiency of Systemic and Local Cell Therapy with Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells in Rats with Severe Spinal Cord Injury.

Rat model of severe contusion spinal cord injury was used to study the effect of single intravenous and intraspinal injection of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on the restoration of motor function of the hind limbs. Recovery of the motor function of the hind limbs was assessed using load tests and open-field test according to BBB scale. Cell injection via both routes significantly improved (p≤0.05) the recovery of the motor function of the hind limbs by 35-40% relative to the level of "self-recovery"; the effects of intravenous andintraspinal administration did not differ significantly.

Collagen Implant and Mononuclear Cells of Umbilical Blood Allow the Restore of Movements of Hind Limbs after Removing the Site of Spinal Cord.

Replacement of the removal site of the spinal cord on a collagen implant restores the motor function of the hind limbs in rats to the level of movements in the two joints for 8 weeks. After intravenous administration of mononuclear cells of human umbilical blood, recovery accelerated, significantly improved to the level of motion in the three joints, and there is a tendency to improve further recovery of movements.

Efficiency of transplantation of human placental/umbilical blood cells to rats with severe spinal cord injury.

The effects of a single intravenous injection of human umbilical blood were studied on the model of severe spinal cord contusion injury in rats. Rats receiving no umbilical blood (spontaneous recovery) served as the control. All rats exhibited pronounced hind limb paraplegia and autonomic dysfunction of pelvic organs after the injury. Recovery of the hind limb function was evaluated by loading tests and locomotor activity testing in the open field using BBB score for open-field testing. Testing was carried out weekly for 8 weeks after the injury. Open-field testing showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase of the rate and volume of the hind limb motor activity recovery in the groups receiving umbilical blood infusions.

[The multi-central clinical laboratory study of precision of the portative glucometer "Satellite Plus"].

The analysis of 482 blood samples of patients with diabetes mellitus type I and II and healthy persons was made using the portative glucometer "Satellite Plus". The comparison with reference analyzer was made. The results of clinical laboratory tests demonstrated that this glucometer meets the precision requirements of inter-national standard ISO 15197:2003 (97.5% of results are in the limits of standard deviation). The evaluation of results using the technique of analysis of errors array for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 demonstrated that 99.4% (479 out of 482) were in zone A i.e. are clinically accurate results. The measurement results capable to negatively impact the clinical course of disease, to represent significant medical risk and to result in dangerous outcomes were not registered. So, the portative glucometer "Satellite Plus" can be recommended to detect the concentration of glucose in capillary blood for self-control of the glycaemia level in patients with diabetes mellitus. The device can be applied too for express-diagnostics in conditions of emergency medical care rendering by medical personnel.

Quark and gluon form factors to three loops.

We compute the form factors of the photon-quark-anti-quark vertex and the effective vertex of a Higgs-boson and two gluons to three-loop order within massless perturbative quantum chromodynamics. These results provide building blocks for many third-order cross sections. Furthermore, this is the first calculation of complete three-loop vertex corrections.

Two-loop iteration of five-point N=4 super-Yang-Mills amplitudes.

We confirm by explicit computation the conjectured all-orders iteration of planar maximally supersymmetric N=4 Yang-Mills theory in the nontrivial case of five-point two-loop amplitudes. We compute the required unitarity cuts of the integrand and evaluate the resulting integrals numerically using a Mellin-Barnes representation and the automated package of Czakon [Comput. Phys. Commun. 175, 559 (2006)]. This confirmation of the iteration relation provides further evidence suggesting that N=4 gauge theory is solvable.

[A system for biomaterial handling and sample pretreatment in conditions of weightlessness]. / Apparaturnyi kompleks dlia obrabotki biomateriala i podgotovki prob v usloviiakh nevesomosti.

To perform laboratory biochemical, immunologic and microbiological analyses and special pretreatment and stabilization of biosamples immediately on the space station, system Plasma-03 was designed and manufactured and associated procedure for sample collection and pretreatment was developed. Main elements of the system are a refrigerator/thermostat, centrifuge and returnable container, and a set of accessories and expendables. The system meets the requirements to the equipment to be employed in crew health monitoring and biochemical experiments on board the International space station.

[The detection of the Glm(1) antigen by the indirect immunofluorescence reaction in a quantitative modification]. / Vyiavlenie antigens Glm(1) reaktsiei nepriamoi immunofliuorestsentsii v kolichestvennoi modifikatsii.

Quantitative modification of indirect immunofluorescence test permits the detection of Glm(1) antigen in spots on material evidence in much lower concentrations than are detectable by the routine method. Use of the Stat software helps objectively assess the test results after mathematical processing thereof and reliably judge about the presence of the Glm(1) antigen in the tested material.

[The possible mechanism of the noradrenaline enhancement of the arterial baroreceptor reflex]. / Vozmozhnyi mekhanizm usileniia noradrenalinom arterial'nogo baroretseptornogo refleksa.

In anaesthetized cats intravenous infusion of norepinephrine induced the increase in arterial pressure and suppression of renal nerve electrical activity. The latter followed the infusion was stopped and arterial pressure returned toward control. The baroreflex suppression of sympathetic activity associated with norepinephrine increased in the case of preliminary mechanical damage to blood-brain barrier. Duration and intensity of the sympathetic activity suppression following norepinephrine infusion depended on the magnitude of hypertensive reaction and the rate of elevating in arterial pressure under the action of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine at the similar concentrations did not depress sympathetic activity if the arterial pressure was stabilized on the resting level. These data support the supposition that the elevation of arterial pressure due to norepinephrine infusion increases the ability of catecholamine to enter brain and in this way activates the central limb of arterial baroreceptor reflex.

[The determination of the group classification of sperm by the ABO system by means of the immunofluorescence reaction in a quantitative modification]. / Ob opredelenii gruppovoi prinadlezhnosti spermy po sisteme ABO metodom reaktsii immunofliuorestsentsii v kolichestvennom modifikatsii.

Differentiating lysis with proteinase K helps purify the preparations from stains on material evidences and thus permits the detection of more spermatozoa. Quantitative immunofluorescence and the Stat software helps objectively assess the results of the test by mathematical processing and more reliably detect this or that AB0 antigen in the spermatozoa.

[Spontaneous and visually-induced oculomotor reactions in microgravity (Results of Austrian-Russian Experiment "Optovert" performed within the frame of program "Austromir", part II)]. / Spontannye i zritelno indutsirovannye okulomotornye reaktsii v nevesomosti (Rezultaty Avstriisko-Rossiiskogo Eksperimenta "Optovert", vypolnennogo v ramkakh programmy "Austromir", chast II).

Results of investigation of spontaneous and induced by vertical linear and sinusoid optokinetic stimulation oculomotor reactions in short- and long-term space missions are reported. Adaptation to microgravity was shown to be associated with rearrangement in sensory interactions even on a background of good subjective well-being and absence of abnormal autonomous nervous reactions. In the early period of adaptation to microgravity records were made of modified spontaneous oculomotor activity (spontaneous vertical nystagmus) and vertical optokinetic nystagmus (VOKN) including alterations in amplitude and VOKN amplification coefficient.

[Awareness of the subjective vertical in weightlessness (results of Austrian-Russian experiment Optovert performed within the framework of the program Austromir, part III)]. / Vospriiatie sub"ektivnoi vertikali v nevesomosti (rezul'taty avstriisko-rossiiskogo éksperimenta "Optovert", vypolnennogo v ramkakh programmy "Austromir", chast' III).

Data about intersensory interactions and adaptations, dynamics of the adaptive shifts were obtained in short- and long-term space missions basing on the indices of the subjective optical vertical awareness evaluated in experiment "OPTOVERT" with the use of dedicated ingenious techniques and hard- and software. As was shown, the function of subjective optical vertical (SOV) awareness remained unaltered in microgravity; however, in the period of adaptation there was a significant growth of error in SOV awareness in the darkness, and against the vertical optokinetic stimulation. In prolonged microgravity SOV error returns to the norm both in the darkness and during stimulation while arising asymmetry differs from background in magnitude and directivity, exceeds the physiological norm and sustains throughout a mission. After flight the asymmetry magnitude and directivity gradually regain the background values.

[Spontaneous and visually induced illusory responses in weightlessness (results of the Austrian-Russian experiment "Optovert" performed within the framework of the program "Austromir", part I)]. / Spontannye i zritel'no indutsirovannye illiuzornye reaktsii v nevesomosti (rezul'taty avstriisko-rossiiskogo éksperimenta "Optovert", vypolnennogo v ramkakh programmy "Austromir", chast' I).

There presented the results of studying the mechanisms of intersensory interactions and sensory adaptations, the dynamics of the stability of adaptive changes in the short- and long-term space missions by phenomenology of spontaneous and visually-induced illusory responses. It is shown that adaptation to microgravity even under good subjective health condition and the absence of anomalous subjective reactions was accompanied the change in the interaction of the sensory systems. For the first time there recorded the previously unknown phenomena: an inversion of vertical vection illusion (VVI) on vertical and sinusoidal optokinetic stimulation; disruption of the perception of body scheme at the instant of VVI; the change of character and the initiation of VVI asymmetry; the decrease of thresholds and the intensity increase of VVI. In the period of long-term stay in microgravity the anomalous perceptive reactions (the period of predominating adaptation gave way to the period of predominance of disadaptation). The hypothesis for the mechanisms of revealed changes was suggested.