ABSTRACT
The Seirei dysphagia screening questionnaire (namely, Seirei dsq) has been used to screen for oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Some of the questions in the questionnaire are difficult for people with cognitive decline to answer. We selected 10 items from the Seirei dsq that could be assessed by others, such as care workers (named Swallow-10). This study aims to verify the validity of the scoring method used in Swallow-10. The dataset used in this study was the one used in the development of Seirei dsq : 50 patients with cerebrovascular disease who were diagnosed with OD, 145 patients with cerebrovascular disease who did not have OD, and 170 healthy subjects. Among the answer choices, "A" for severe symptom, "B" for mild symptom and "C" for no symptom were scored with 4, 1 and 0 points respectively. Factor analysis extracted two factors : one related to pharyngeal function and another related to oral function. In addition, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84. ROC analysis indicated that optimal cutoff value was 5 points, with a sensitivity of 90.0% and a specificity of 88.5%. These results suggest that Swallow-10 may be useful as an OD screening tool for subjects with cognitive decline J. Med. Invest. 70 : 231-235, February, 2023.
Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction , Deglutition Disorders , Humans , Deglutition , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , ROC Curve , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosisABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to investigate the association between chemotherapy-induced fever with neutropenia less than 1500/µL (FwN) and oral bacteria and/or oral immunity in patients with hematological cancer. Thirty-two patients with hematological cancer were enrolled in the study. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in saliva and the anaerobic bacteria in tongue coating of each subject were assessed before the first chemotherapy. Eleven subjects had an onset of FwN and 21 subjects did not during the observation periods. It was revealed by the Cox-proportional hazard model analysis that the levels of sIgA were low (HR 0.98, p < 0.05) and the rate of Fusobacterium nucleatum [F. nucleatum count per total bacterial count (%)] was high (HR 1.65, p < 0.05) in patients with FwN onset. Using ROC curve analysis, the optimal cutoff point based on the AUC in the F. nucleatum/sIgA ratio was 0.023, and this model had a 78.4% probability (p < 0.01). The risk of FwN onset was also significantly higher among the group of ≥ 0.023 F. nucleatum/sIgA ratio (HR 66.06, p < 0.01). These results suggest that the rate of F. nucleatum and the levels of sIgA at baseline might be related to FwN onset as risk factors.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Febrile Neutropenia/etiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Hematologic Neoplasms/immunology , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory , Mouth/immunology , Mouth/microbiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacterial Load , Female , Fusobacterium nucleatum/isolation & purification , Hematologic Neoplasms/complications , Hematologic Neoplasms/microbiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the use of two Kampo medicines on oral mucositis, tongue coating bacteria, and gingiva condition in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-three esophageal cancer patients who receive chemotherapy at Tokushima University Hospital, were included. The participants, who received professional oral healthcare, were randomly divided into three groups:7 subjects received Daiokanzoto sherbets, 7 subjects received Hangeshashinto sherbets, and 9 subjects received nothing (control). The numbers of total bacteria and specific periodontopathogenic bacteria in tongue coating were determined in addition to clinical parameters. RESULTS: No difference on the onset of oral mucositis was found among the three groups. However, tongue coating index, gingival index (GI), plaque index, the number of total bacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus were decreased during chemotherapy. More specifically, GI as well as the number of F. nucleatum and C. rectus were decreased significantly in the Daiokanzoto group when compared to the control group (psize 8 < 0.05). No such differences were observed for the group receiving Hangeshashinto. CONCLUSION: This clinical trial showed that Daiokanzoto might be effective in attenuating gingival inflammation and reducing the levels of periodontopathogenic bacteria in patients with esophageal cancer. J. Med. Invest. 65:184-190, August, 2018.