Perceptions on using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) among Malaysian private dentists: a qualitative study / Percepções sobre o uso do Sistema Internacional de Detecção e Avaliação de Cárie (ICDAS) entre dentistas privados da Malásia: um estudo qualitativo

Objetivo: explorar as percepções de dentistas particulares da Malásia sobre o uso do Sistema Internacional de Detecção e Avaliação de Cárie (ICDAS) em sua prática odontológica. Material e Métodos: este estudo qualitativo envolveu entrevistas individuais com doze clínicos gerais que trabalham no setor privado, que foram expostos ao treinamento ICDAS durante seu estudo de graduação. Uma amostra intencional foi realizada com dentistas particulares na Malásia de vários estados com intuito de refletir a diversidade. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas. A análise dos dados foi realizada pela análise temática. Resultados: cinco barreiras principais foram identificadas durante o processo de codificação, ou seja, fatores como o tempo, falta de treinamento, o não planejamento do tratamento, dificuldades de registro e baixa conscientização do paciente sobre prevenção. Foram identificados como fatores facilitadores um melhor treinamento e uma forte exigência das autoridades para usar este sistema. Conclusão: dentistas particulares na Malásia encontraram uma infinidade de desafios na adoção do índice ICDAS. Portanto, é necessário fornecer treinamento e assistência adequados para entender os benefícios da utilização do sistema ICDAS e da informatização da entrada de dados (AU)

Objective: to explore the perceptions of Malaysian private dentists on the use of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) in their dental practice. Material and Methods: this qualitative study involved individual interviews with twelve general dental practitioners working in the private sector, who has been exposed to ICDAS training during their undergraduate study. Purposive sampling was carried out among private dentists in Malaysia from various states to reflect diversity. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted by thematic analysis. Results: five main barriers were identified through the coding process, namely time factors, lack of training, having no effect on treatment planning, charting difficulties, and low patient awareness on prevention. Better training and a strong requirement by the authorities to use this system were identified as the enabling factors. Conclusion: private dentists in Malaysia encountered a myriad of challenges in adopting the ICDAS index. Hence, it is necessary to provide adequate training and assistance in understanding the benefits of utilizing the ICDAS system, and computerization of data input (AU)

Genome Sequencing Identifies the Pathogenic Variant Missed by Prior Testing in an Infant with Marfan Syndrome.

We describe an infant with a phenotype typical of early onset Marfan syndrome whose genetic evaluation, including Sanger sequencing and deletion/duplication testing of FBN1 and exome sequencing, was negative. Ultimately, genome sequencing revealed a deletion missed on prior testing, demonstrating the unique utility of genome sequencing for molecular genetic diagnosis.

Genome sequence of Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T isolated from mangrove forest

Streptomycetes remain as one of the important sources for bioactive products. Isolated from the mangrove forest, Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T was previously characterised as a novel streptomycete. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 26T contained 5,213,277 bp with G + C content of 73.0%. Through genome mining, several gene clusters associated with secondary metabolites production were revealed in the genome of MUSC 26T. These findings call for further investigations into the potential exploitation of the strain for production of pharmaceutically important compounds.(AU)

Genome sequence of Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T isolated from mangrove forest

Abstract Streptomycetes remain as one of the important sources for bioactive products. Isolated from the mangrove forest, Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T was previously characterised as a novel streptomycete. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 26T contained 5,213,277 bp with G + C content of 73.0%. Through genome mining, several gene clusters associated with secondary metabolites production were revealed in the genome of MUSC 26T. These findings call for further investigations into the potential exploitation of the strain for production of pharmaceutically important compounds.

Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient with Maple Syrup Urine Disease: A Management Paradox.

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inborn error of metabolism that causes elevated leucine in the setting of acute illnesses. We describe an 8-year-old boy with MSUD who developed acute pancreatitis and subsequent leucinosis. This case highlights the complexities of fluid management in patients with MSUD.

Genome sequence of Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T isolated from intertidal sediments

As the largest genus in Actinobacteria family, Streptomyces species have the ability to synthesize numerous compounds of diverse structures with bioactivities. Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T was previously isolated as a novel streptomycete from mangrove forest in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 149T comprises 9,165,825 bp with G + C content of 72.5%. Through bioinformatics analysis, 21 gene clusters identified in the genome were associated with the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The presence of these biosynthetic gene clusters in MUSC 149T suggests the potential exploitation of the strain for production of medically important compounds.(AU)

Genome sequence of Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T isolated from intertidal sediments

ABSTRACT As the largest genus in Actinobacteria family, Streptomyces species have the ability to synthesize numerous compounds of diverse structures with bioactivities. Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T was previously isolated as a novel streptomycete from mangrove forest in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 149T comprises 9,165,825 bp with G + C content of 72.5%. Through bioinformatics analysis, 21 gene clusters identified in the genome were associated with the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The presence of these biosynthetic gene clusters in MUSC 149T suggests the potential exploitation of the strain for production of medically important compounds.

Genome sequence of Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T isolated from mangrove forest.

Streptomycetes remain as one of the important sources for bioactive products. Isolated from the mangrove forest, Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T was previously characterised as a novel streptomycete. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 26T contained 5,213,277bp with G+C content of 73.0%. Through genome mining, several gene clusters associated with secondary metabolites production were revealed in the genome of MUSC 26T. These findings call for further investigations into the potential exploitation of the strain for production of pharmaceutically important compounds.

Genome sequence of Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T isolated from intertidal sediments.

As the largest genus in Actinobacteria family, Streptomyces species have the ability to synthesize numerous compounds of diverse structures with bioactivities. Streptomyces mangrovisoli MUSC 149T was previously isolated as a novel streptomycete from mangrove forest in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 149T comprises 9,165,825bp with G+C content of 72.5%. Through bioinformatics analysis, 21 gene clusters identified in the genome were associated with the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The presence of these biosynthetic gene clusters in MUSC 149T suggests the potential exploitation of the strain for production of medically important compounds.

Genome sequence of Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T isolated from mangrove forest

Abstract Streptomycetes remain as one of the important sources for bioactive products. Isolated from the mangrove forest, Streptomyces gilvigriseus MUSC 26T was previously characterised as a novel streptomycete. The high quality draft genome of MUSC 26T contained 5,213,277 bp with G + C content of 73.0%. Through genome mining, several gene clusters associated with secondary metabolites production were revealed in the genome of MUSC 26T. These findings call for further investigations into the potential exploitation of the strain for production of pharmaceutically important compounds.

Stereoselective inhibition of human butyrylcholinesterase by the enantiomers of bambuterol and their intermediates.

This work describes the sequential hydrolysis of bambuterol enantiomers and their monocarbamate metabolites (MONO) catalyzed by human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as well as the enzyme inhibition resulting from this process. Particular emphasis is given to the contribution given by MONO to the enzyme inhibition because it was not fully characterized in previous works. Bambuterol and MONO enantiomers displayed the same time- and concentration-dependent mechanism of interaction with the enzyme. The hydrolysis kinetics of both bambuterol and MONO was enantioselective, and the (R)-enantiomer of each compound was hydrolyzed fourfold faster than the respective (S)-enantiomer. Even though the enzyme inhibition rates of (R)- and (S)-MONO were much slower than those of their respective bambuterol enantiomers (∼15-fold), both MONO enantiomers showed a significant BChE inhibition when physiologically relevant concentrations of enzyme and inhibitors were used (∼50% of their respective bambuterol enantiomers). The kinetic constants obtained by testing each single compound were used to model the contribution given by MONO to the enzyme inhibition observed for bambuterol. The hydrolysis of MONO enantiomers enhanced the inhibitory power of bambuterol enantiomers of about 27.5% (R) and 12.5% (S) and extended more than 1 hour the duration of inhibition. The data indicate that MONO contribute significantly to the inhibition of BChE occurring in humans upon administration of normal doses of bambuterol. In addition, the hydrolysis of MONO resulted in the rate-limiting step in the conversion of bambuterol in its pharmacologically active metabolite terbutaline; therefore, MONO concentrations should always be monitored during pharmacokinetic studies of bambuterol.

Characterisation of a marine bacterium Vibrio brasiliensis T33 producing N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum sensing molecules.

N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHL) plays roles as signal molecules in quorum sensing (QS) in most Gram-negative bacteria. QS regulates various physiological activities in relation with population density and concentration of signal molecules. With the aim of isolating marine water-borne bacteria that possess QS properties, we report here the preliminary screening of marine bacteria for AHL production using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 as the AHL biosensor. Strain T33 was isolated based on preliminary AHL screening and further identified by using 16S rDNA sequence analysis as a member of the genus Vibrio closely related to Vibrio brasiliensis. The isolated Vibrio sp. strain T33 was confirmed to produce N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) and N-(3-oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C10 HSL) through high resolution tandem mass spectrometry analysis. We demonstrated that this isolate formed biofilms which could be inhibited by catechin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that documents the production of these AHLs by Vibrio brasiliensis strain T33.