[Determination of functional activity of lymphocytes in patients with tuberculosis and in patients of group IIIA of clinic registries by electrophoretic mobility]. / Opredelenie funktsionalnoi aktivnosti limfotsitov u bolnykh tuberkulëzom i u lits IIIA gruppy dispansernogo uchëta po élektroforeticheskoi podvizhnosti.

The electrophoretic mobility of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 35 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 128 persons clinically cured of tuberculosis, and 30 healthy persons by using an Elphor-VaP-5 apparatus (Germany). This study revealed abnormal lymphocytic functional activity both in patients with tuberculosis and in patients with great residual changes after prior tuberculosis, which was the basis for using of thymic immunomodulators (thymalin or thymogen) in the latters. Immunomodulators improved the tolerance of antirecurrent chemotherapy in persons with IIIA dispensary register group and produced a marked stimulating effect on the functional activity of T and B lymphocytes.

[The migratory activity of HIV-infected people in the northwestern region and the routes of the possible spread of the infection]. / Migratsionnaia aktivnost' VICh-infitsirovannykh lits v severo-zapadnom regione i puti vozmozhnogo rasprostraneniia infektsii.

The epidemic situation in HIV infection in the northwestern region of this country has been analyzed. The ways of the spread of HIV infection among the infected persons, residents of the St. Petersburg region, Kaliningrad, Novgorod and Murmansk, have been studied. The infection is transmitted mainly through sexual contacts, both homosexual and heterosexual. High migration activity of HIV-infected persons, homo- and heterosexuals, has been established, and a great number of unknown (casual) sexual contacts among them was noted. The results of these observations may be useful in the prognostication of the epidemic situation in HIV infection not only in the northwestern region, but also beyond its boundaries, and later in the optimization of screening.

[Cytomorphological and cultural characteristics of tylosin-producing strains with different antibiotic activity]. / Tsitomorfologicheskie i kul'tural'nye kharakteristiki shtammov-produtsentov tilozina s razlichnoi antibioticheskoi aktivnost'iu.

Cytomorphological and cultural characteristics of highly and low active collection strains of Streptomyces fradiae producing tylosin were studied. The strains were grown on agarized and liquid media. It was shown that unlike the low active strain, the highly active one was less sporogenic, the difference being more pronounced when tylosin was added to the agarized medium. When the strains were grown in the fermentation medium there were detected differences between them in the growth type and microcolony structure at the early stages of the fermentation process. During intensive synthesis of tylosin spheric structures were found to form near the hyphal surfaces. The phenomenon was previously observed in cultures producing other antibiotics. In the low active strain the structures were single while in the highly active strain they formed in large numbers.

[The study of the growth of tylosin producer using differential centrifugation of mycelium in a sucrose density gradient]. / Izuchenie razvitiia produtsenta tilozina s pomoshch'iu metoda differentsial'nogo tsentrifugirovaniia mitseliia v gradiente plotnosti sakharozy.

The mycelium of Streptomyces fradiae was fractionated by differential centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient (SDG) using various samples of the inoculation material and aliquots of the cultural broth taken in the course of tylosin production. The mode of mycelium distribution in SDG made it possible to select the most active inoculation material. The mycelium was redistributed from sucrose layers with a high density to those with a lower density in the course of fermentation. The fractions differed in the antibiotic activity but none of them had an activity higher than in the control centrifuged in 30% sucrose and washed off just like the fractions. Therefore, mycelium fractionation in SDG would not elevate its antibiotic activity. The paper presents the cytological characteristics of different fractions changing in the course of fermentation.

[Effect of colchicine on the morphogenesis and ultrastruct of Acetabularia mediterranea]. / Vliianie kolkhitsina na morfogenez i ul'trastrukturu Acetabularia mediterranea.

The effect of colchicine on morphogenesis of the regenerating nuclear fragments of Acetabularia mediterranea has been studied. Colchicine was shown to inhibit the formation of caps. The algae are most sensitive to colchicine at the early stages of regeneration. The breakdown of microtubules in the perinuclear cytoplasm of regenerating algae under the effect of colchicine was found under the electron microscopy. The breakdown of microtubules in this zone appears not to disturb the transport of morphogenetical substances in the apical cell part. Colchicine inhibits the morphogenesis, apparently, at the expense of protein inactivation in the zone of growth.

[Ultrathin structure of normally growing and regenerating cells of Acetabularia mediterranea]. / Ul'tratonkoe stroenie normal'no rastushchikh i regeneriruiushchikh kletok Acetabularia mediterranea

The ultrastructure of nucleus and cytoplasm in regenerating cells of Acetabularia mediterranea differs from that in normally growing ones: the nucleus of regenerating cells form numerous outgrowths; the cortical layer of nucleolus disintegrates markedly; the emission of nucleolar material in the nucleoplasm is observed. In the cytoplasm the portion of active chloroplasts increases and a great number of tubular fibrils appears. In the cytoplasm of regenerating cells the Golgi dictyosomes occur more frequently and the vesicles at their ends are larger than in that of normally growing cells. The changes of macromolecular organization of the nucleus and cytoplasm in question observed at the earlier stages of regeneration (2--12 hrs) suggest the increase of metabolic activity of cells.