ABSTRACT
AIM: The prognostic significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is unclear. We examined the association of PNI with clinical outcomes in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery. METHODS: We performed a single institutional retrospective study. We evaluated the association of PNI with locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival using log-rank and Cox proportional hazard modelling. RESULTS: 29 out of 73 patients (40%) had PNI at the time of surgery. The median follow-up was 20.1 months. The median DFS was 18.4 months for patients with PNI vs 41.3 months for patients without PNI (p<0.05). The median LRFS was 23.3 months for patients with PNI and median not reached for patients without PNI (p<0.01). In a multivariate model including age and pathological variables, PNI remained a significant independent predictor of LRFS (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.60; p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with EAC treated with nCRT, PNI found at the time of surgery is significantly associated with worse LRFS. Our data support attempts to validate this finding and perhaps testing the role of adjuvant therapy in patients with PNI.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophagectomy , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Peripheral Nerves/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Adult , Aged , Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/mortality , Disease Progression , Disease-Free Survival , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Esophagectomy/adverse effects , Esophagectomy/mortality , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects , Neoadjuvant Therapy/mortality , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment FailureABSTRACT
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a potentially fatal complication of diabetes mellitus that may result in hypertriglyceridemia. Rarely, the resulting hypertriglyceridemia may precipitate acute pancreatitis. We report a case of acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia precipitated by diabetic ketoacidosis and postulate that this unusual presentation is due to the patient being prone to ketosis.