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1.
Materials (Basel) ; 17(11)2024 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38893939

ABSTRACT

Polymer waste is currently a big and challenging issue throughout the world. Waste tires represent an important source of polymer waste. Therefore, it is highly desirable to recycle functional fillers from waste tires to develop composite materials for advanced applications. The primary theme of this review involves an overview of developing polystyrene (PS) composites using materials from recycled tires as fillers; waste tire recycling in terms of ground tire rubbers, carbon black, and textile fibers; surface treatments of the fillers to optimize various composite properties; and the mechanical, fire retarding, acoustic, and electromagnetic field (EMI) shielding performances of PS composite materials. The development of composite materials from polystyrene and recycled waste tires provides a novel avenue to achieve reductions in carbon emission goals and closed-loop plastic recycling, which is of significance in the development of circular economics and an environmentally friendly society.

2.
Heliyon ; 10(11): e32568, 2024 Jun 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38933953

ABSTRACT

The special "dual" hydrogeological structure in karst areas causes rainfall easily "leaking" into the ground, resulting a unique "karst drought". In these areas, drought and insufficient water resources seriously restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to restore the ecology of karst desertification, develop ecological industries, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, and advance water-saving agriculture in such areas, literature review method was applied to discuss the suitability of agronomic water-saving measures in karst areas. The results are as follows. (1) Agronomic water-saving measures including tillage, mulching, water-fertilizer coupling, chemical regulation, crop allocation and deficit irrigation can all enhance the crop WUE. For example, deep tillage and deep loosening increased the WUE by 15.1 % and 15.9 % respectively. The WUE of spring wheat under straw mulching increased by 17.17 %-43.01 % compared with that under mulching film. Increased density of intercropping corn and wheat saved 9.85 % of water. (2) The cultural or natural particularity of karst areas limits the application of all agronomic water-saving measures in karst areas, and therefore choices and adjustments are necessary according to local conditions: ① No tillage should be adopted because of the high output of labor force; ② straw mulching need to be crushed; ③ the coupling of water and fertilizer reaches better effect when applied to crops several hours before rainfall; ④ the shallow soil layer and the complexity of preparing water retaining agent make it unsuitable to use water retaining agent; ⑤ agroforestry with dwarf and dense planting is more suitable; ⑥ crop deficit irrigation can be carried out by using ecological small pools. Based on the above results, proposes are offered in the following. First, it is necessary to construct the optimal model of regional water and fertilizer coupling in karst areas, and apply composite agronomic water-saving measures. Second, it is suggested to establish a model of coordinating forest, grain and grass, and vigorously develop ecologically derivative agroforestry. Third, there is a necessity to strengthen the research and development of technology about soil and water leakage monitoring and resistance, and intensify studies on "five waters" transformation at the basin scale. The research results and implication are an important reference for developing water-saving agriculture, solving the shortage of agricultural water resources, ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and improving farmers' living standards. Rational use of agronomic water-saving measures is of great significance to enhance the utilization efficiency of water resources and boost regional economy in karst desertification areas.

4.
Carbohydr Polym ; 335: 122067, 2024 Jul 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38616090

ABSTRACT

Inspired by creatures, abundant stimulus-responsive hydrogel actuators with diverse functionalities have been manufactured for applications in soft robotics. However, constructing a shape memory and self-sensing bilayer hydrogel actuator with high mechanical strength and strong interfacial bonding still remains a challenge. Herein, a novel bilayer hydrogel with a stimulus-responsive TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (TOCN/PNIPAM) layer and a non-responsive TOCN/polyacrylamide (TOCN/PAM) layer is proposed as a thermosensitive actuator. TOCNs as a nano-reinforced phase provide a high mechanical strength and endow the hydrogel actuator with a strong interfacial bonding. Due to the incorporation of TOCNs, the TOCN/PNIPAM hydrogel exhibits a high compressive strength (~89.2 kPa), elongation at break (~170.7 %) and tensile strength (~24.0 kPa). The prepared PNIPAM/TOCN/PAM hydrogel actuator performs the roles of an encapsulation, jack, temperature-controlled fluid valve and temperature-control manipulator. The incorporation of Fe3+ further endows the bilayer hydrogel actuator with a synergistic performance of shape memory and temperature-driven, which can be used as a temperature-responsive switch to detect ambient temperature. The PNIPAM/TOCN/PAM-Fe3+ conductive hydrogel can be assembled into a flexible sensor and generate sensing signals when driven by temperature changes to achieve real-time feedback. This research may lead to new insights into the design and manufacturing of intelligent flexible soft robots.

5.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 10: 1264928, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37928461

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Patients suffering from severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are usually treated with mechanical ventilation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has traditionally been considered a life-saving therapy and was reserved as a last resort when other treatment options were exhausted. However, this report outlines our successful initial experience with early implementation of awake venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in a case of pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia complicated by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), offering a promising new approach for recovery. Case presentation: We present a case report of the effective application of awake VV-ECMO in a 29 years-old man with severe ARDS caused by pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The patient initially received antibiotic treatment and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for respiratory distress, but these interventions failed to improve the worsening dyspnea that occurred in the patient. Following the combined antifungal therapy, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy, and VV-ECMO for a duration of 7 days, the patient's symptoms improved, showing relief. Conclusion: Awake VV-ECMO proved to be an effective treatment for critically ill patients with ARDS, avoiding the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. However, increased clinical evidence is needed to verify whether awake ECMO could be widely used in severe ARDS caused by other diseases or conditions.

6.
ACS Appl Polym Mater ; 5(9): 7009-7021, 2023 Sep 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37705714

ABSTRACT

Conductive hydrogels have gained a great deal of interest in the flexible electronics industry because of their remarkable inherent properties. However, a significant challenge remains for balancing hydrogel's conductivity, self-healing, and strength properties. Herein, double network ionic hydrogels were fabricated by concurrently introducing borax into dicarboxylic cellulose nanofiber (DCNFs) and polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels. The incorporation of borax provided a superabsorbent feature to the PAM/DCNF hydrogels (without borax) with the equilibrium water absorption rate increased from 552 to 1800% after 42 h. The compressive strength of the prepared hydrogel was 935 kPa compared to 132 kPa for the PAM hydrogel, with high cycling stability (stable after 1000 compression cycles with 50% strain). The hydrogel pressure sensor had a very sensitive response (gauge factor = 1.36) in the strain range from 10 to 80%, which made it possible to detect mechanical motion accurately and reliably. The developed hydrogels with high-performance, environmentally friendly properties are promising for use in future artificial skin and human-machine interface applications.

7.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 102(37): e34930, 2023 Sep 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37713816

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of acupotomy combined with hyaluronic sodium acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is unclear. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of acupotomy combined with hyaluronic sodium acid compared with hyaluronic sodium acid alone in the treatment of KOA. METHODS: Studies from 8 Online databases were searched on KOA treatment using acupotomy combined with sodium hyaluronate until May 2022. The primary outcome indicator was clinical effectiveness, and the secondary outcome indicators included the visual analogue scale scores and Lysholm scores. We calculated the weighted mean difference (WMD) or relative risk for all relevant outcomes. RESULTS: Nine studies were identified, involving 644 cases. The results showed that acupotomy combined with intra-articular sodium hyaluronate injection for KOA was superior to sodium hyaluronate injection alone in terms of clinical effectiveness (relative risk = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.25, P < .001) and visual analogue scale (WMD = -2.1, 95% CI: -2.25 to 1.95, P < .001), Lysholm score (WMD = 13.83, 95% CI: 3.47-24.19, P = .009). CONCLUSION: Acupotomy combined with intra-articular sodium hyaluronate injection for KOA is superior to sodium hyaluronate injection alone. Limited by the number and quality of included studies, this conclusion still needs to be verified by more high-quality Research. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202350029.


Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Humans , Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use , Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy , Databases, Factual , Pain Measurement
8.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao ; 34(7): 1912-1922, 2023 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37694475

ABSTRACT

Ecosystem health of the Chishui River Basin (CRB, a crucial ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River) is vital for the ecological security and sustainability of the Yangtze River Basin. We used RUSLE model, SWAT model, Fragstats and geographic detectors to construct a theoretical framework of ecosystem health assessment for CRB, and examined the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of ecosystem health in CRB under ecological restoration from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that ecosystem service in the CRB decreased and then increased during 2010-2020 and the overall trend was downward. The overall ecosystem service function was higher in the Danxia (non-karst) area than that in the karst area. The ecosystem health was generally subhealthy, with the Danxia area being mostly extremely healthy and healthy, whereas the karst area mostly subhealthy and unhealthy. There were differences in the dominant drivers of ecosystem health between karst and Danxia areas. Vegetation, precipitation, and bedrock bareness rate were the dominant drivers in the karst area, while vegetation, land use, and precipitation were the dominant factors in Danxia area. After interaction detection, the explanatory power of impact factors increased, and the dominant interaction factor combinations in different geomorphological type regions had shown great differences. Among them, precipitation∩normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), precipitation∩digital elevation model (DEM) and precipitation ∩ bedrock bareness rate were the dominant interaction factor combinations in the karst area, and NDVI∩precipitation, NDVI∩land use and NDVI∩DEM were the dominant interaction factor combinations in Danxia area. These results would provide scientific support for health maintenance and conservation of CRB ecosystem.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Rivers , China
9.
Acta Pharmacol Sin ; 44(10): 1935-1947, 2023 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37198412

ABSTRACT

Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is one of the main co-receptors of HIV-1, and has been found to be a potential therapeutic target for stroke. Maraviroc is a classic CCR5 antagonist, which is undergoing clinical trials against stroke. As maraviroc shows poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, it is of interest to find novel CCR5 antagonists suitable for neurological medication. In this study we characterized the therapeutic potential of a novel CCR5 antagonist A14 in treating ischemic stroke mice. A14 was discovered in screening millions compounds in the Chemdiv library based on the molecular docking diagram of CCR5 and maraviroc. We found that A14 dose-dependently inhibited the CCR5 activity with an IC50 value of 4.29 µM. Pharmacodynamic studies showed that A14 treatment exerted protective effects against neuronal ischemic injury both in vitro and vivo. In a SH-SY5Y cell line overexpressing CCR5, A14 (0.1, 1 µM) significantly alleviated OGD/R-induced cell injury. We found that the expression of CCR5 and its ligand CKLF1 was significantly upregulated during both acute and recovery period in focal cortical stroke mice; oral administration of A14 (20 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 1 week) produced sustained protective effect against motor impairment. A14 treatment had earlier onset time, lower onset dosage and much better BBB permeability compared to maraviroc. MRI analysis also showed that A14 treatment significantly reduced the infarction volume after 1 week of treatment. We further revealed that A14 treatment blocked the protein-protein interaction between CCR5 and CKLF1, increasing the activity of CREB signaling pathway in neurons, thereby improving axonal sprouting and synaptic density after stroke. In addition, A14 treatment remarkably inhibited the reactive proliferation of glial cells after stroke and reduced the infiltration of peripheral immune cells. These results demonstrate that A14 is a promising novel CCR5 antagonist for promoting neuronal repair after ischemic stroke. A14 blocked the protein-protein interaction between CKLF1 and CCR5 after stroke by binding with CCR5 stably, improved the infarct area and promoted motor recovery through reversing the CREB/pCREB signaling which was inhibited by activated CCR5 Gαi pathway, and benefited to the dendritic spines and axons sprouting.


Subject(s)
CCR5 Receptor Antagonists , Ischemic Stroke , Neuroblastoma , Stroke , Animals , Humans , Mice , Ischemic Stroke/drug therapy , Maraviroc/therapeutic use , Maraviroc/pharmacology , Molecular Docking Simulation , Receptors, CCR5/metabolism , Stroke/drug therapy , CCR5 Receptor Antagonists/chemistry , CCR5 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
10.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 41(2): 165-174, 2023 Apr 01.
Article in English, Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37056182

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of new biomimetic micro/nano surfaces on the osteoclastic differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages by simulating natural osteons for the design of concentric circular structures and modifying graphene oxide (GO). METHODS: The groups were divided into smooth titanium surface group (SS), concentric microgrooved titanium surface group (CMS), and microgroove modified with GO group (GO-CMS). The physicochemical properties of the material surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact-angle measurement, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The effect of the modified material surface on the cell biological behavior of RAW264.7 was investigated by cell-activity assay, SEM, and laser confocal microscopy. The effect on the osteoclastic differentiation of macrophages was investiga-ted by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments. RESULTS: Macrophages were arranged in concentric circles along the microgrooves, and after modification with GO, the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the material increased and hydrophilicity increased. Osteoclasts in the GO-CMS group were small in size and number and had the lowest TRAP expression. Although it promoted the proliferation of macrophages in the GO-CMS group, the expression of osteoclastic differentiation-related genes was lower than that in the SS group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Concentric circular microgrooves restricted the fusion of osteoclasts and the formation of sealing zones. Osteomimetic concentric microgrooves modified with GO inhibited the osteoclastic differentiation of RAW 264.7 macrophages.


Subject(s)
Graphite , Graphite/pharmacology , Titanium/chemistry , Titanium/pharmacology , Haversian System , Macrophages , Cell Differentiation , Oxides/pharmacology , Surface Properties
11.
J Neuroinflammation ; 20(1): 97, 2023 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37098609

ABSTRACT

Ischemic stroke is characterized by the presence of reactive microglia. However, its precise involvement in stroke etiology is still unknown. We used metabolic profiling and showed that chemokine like factor 1 (CKLF1) causes acute microglial inflammation and metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which was reliant on the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway. Once activated, microglia enter a chronic tolerant state as a result of widespread energy metabolism abnormalities, which reduces immunological responses, including cytokine release and phagocytosis. Metabolically dysfunctional microglia were also found in mice using genome-wide RNA sequencing after chronic administration of CKLF1, and there was a decrease in the inflammatory response. Finally, we showed that the loss of CKLF1 reversed the defective immune response of microglia, as indicated by the maintenance its phagocytosis to neutrophils, thereby mitigating the long-term outcomes of ischemic stroke. Overall, CKLF1 plays a crucial role in the relationship between microglial metabolic status and immune function in stroke, which prepares a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.


Subject(s)
Ischemic Stroke , Stroke , Animals , Mice , Cytokines/metabolism , Immune Tolerance , Ischemic Stroke/metabolism , Mammals/metabolism , Microglia/metabolism , Stroke/metabolism
12.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng ; 11(8): 3208-3218, 2023 Feb 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36874192

ABSTRACT

Exfoliated MXene nanosheets are integrated with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) to form composite aerogels with high electric conductivity. The combination of CNFs and MXene nanosheets forms a unique "accordion-like" hierarchical architecture with MXene-CNF pillared layers through ice-crystal templating. Benefiting from the special "layer-strut" structure, the MXene/CNF composite aerogels have low density (50 mg/cm3), excellent compressibility and recoverability, as well as superior fatigue resistance (up to 1000 cycles). When being used as a piezoresistive sensor, the composite aerogel exhibits high sensitivity upon different strains, stable sensing performance with various compressive frequencies, broad detection range, and quick responsiveness (0.48 s). Moreover, the piezoresistive sensors are shown to have an excellent real-time sensing ability for human motions such as swallowing, arm bending, walking, and running. The composite aerogels also have a low environmental impact with the natural biodegradability of CNFs. The designed composite aerogels can serve as a promising sensing material for developing next-generation sustainable and wearable electronic devices.

13.
Carbohydr Polym ; 303: 120463, 2023 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36657845

ABSTRACT

In recent years, nanocellulose-based bioinorganic nanohybrids have been exploited in numerous applications due to their unique nanostructure, excellent catalytic properties, and good biocompatibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the simple and effective synthesis of graphene/cellulose (RGO/CNC) matrix-supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) for nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing. The Pt/RGO/CNC nanohybrid presented a porous network structure, in which Pt NPs, RGO, and CNCs were integrated well. Here, cellulose nanocrystals act as a biocompatible framework for wrapped RGO and monodispersed Pt nanoparticles, effectively preventing the restacking of graphene during reduction. The superior glucose sensing performance of Pt/RGO/CNC modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) was achieved with a linear concentration range from 0.005 to 8.5 mM and a low detection limit of 2.1 µM. Moreover, the Pt/RGO/CNC/GCE showed remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, durability, and reproducibility. The obtained results indicate that the CNCs-based bioinorganic nanohybrids could be a promising electrode material in electrochemical biosensors.


Subject(s)
Graphite , Metal Nanoparticles , Graphite/chemistry , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Cellulose , Reproducibility of Results , Electrochemical Techniques/methods , Platinum/chemistry , Glucose
14.
Int J Rheum Dis ; 26(3): 415-424, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36537294

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: By performing a meta-analysis of published cohort studies, this review aims to evaluate the association between gouty arthritis (GA) and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF), hence providing evidence for clinical management. METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched from inception to July 28, 2022. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by random-effect model or fixed-effect model to evaluate the association between GA and the risk of MI and HF, respectively. RESULTS: Eleven articles containing 13 studies were finally selected for meta-analysis which covered 408 443 GA patients and 10 402 777 non-GA patients. The results showed that GA was associated with the risk of MI and HF (MI: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.45-2.11; HF: RR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.91-2.10). And subgroup analysis showed that female GA patients had a higher risk of MI and HF than male GA patients. Further, younger GA patients had a higher risk of MI than older patients (≤44 years: RR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.38-5.79; 45-69: RR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.22-2.82; ≥70: RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.22-1.88). GA patients were mainly associated with the occurrence of non-fatal MI (fatal MI: RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.76-2.48; non-fatal MI: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.45-2.11). CONCLUSIONS: GA is correlated with the risk of MI and HF. Both male and female GA patients have an increased risk of MI and HF. Meanwhile, female GA patients or younger GA patients have a higher risk of MI and HF.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Gouty , Heart Failure , Myocardial Infarction , Humans , Male , Female , Cohort Studies
15.
Fundam Res ; 3(2): 298-304, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38932929

ABSTRACT

Polypeptides consisting of amino acid (AA) sequences are suitable for high-density information storage. However, the lack of suitable encoding systems, which accommodate the characteristics of polypeptide synthesis, storage and sequencing, impedes the application of polypeptides for large-scale digital data storage. To address this, two reliable and highly efficient encoding systems, i.e. RaptorQ-Arithmetic-Base64-Shuffle-RS (RABSR) and RaptorQ-Arithmetic-Huffman-Rotary-Shuffle-RS (RAHRSR) systems, are developed for polypeptide data storage. The two encoding systems realized the advantages of compressing data, correcting errors of AA chain loss, correcting errors within AA chains, eliminating homopolymers, and pseudo-randomized encrypting. The coding efficiency without arithmetic compression and error correction of audios, pictures and texts by the RABSR system was 3.20, 3.12 and 3.53 Bits/AA, respectively. While that using the RAHRSR system reached 4.89, 4.80 and 6.84 Bits/AA, respectively. When implemented with redundancy for error correction and arithmetic compression to reduce redundancy, the coding efficiency of audios, pictures and texts by the RABSR system was 4.43, 4.36 and 5.22 Bits/AA, respectively. This efficiency further increased to 7.24, 7.11 and 9.82 Bits/AA by the RAHRSR system, respectively. Therefore, the developed hexadecimal polypeptide-based systems may provide a new scenario for highly reliable and highly efficient data storage.

16.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 101(43): e31638, 2022 Oct 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36316856

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injection combined scaffolds for knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a relatively new treatment for knee OA and has not yet gained popularity. So, the effectiveness, safety is worthy to be explored. We performed a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of MSCs and scaffolds in the treatment of knee OA. METHODS: A literature search was performed in October 2022 without restriction to regions, publication types or languages. The primary sources were the electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.gov. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing Review Manager 5 (The Nordic Cochrane Center, Copenhagen, Denmark). RESULTS: Visual analog scale score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Lysholm knee scale and adverse events will be assessed. CONCLUSION: The systematic review will provide evidence to assess the effectiveness and safety of MSCs combined scaffolds for the treatment of knee OA.


Subject(s)
Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Humans , Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Treatment Outcome
17.
Carbohydr Polym ; 298: 120101, 2022 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36241324

ABSTRACT

Polysaccharide materials, including bagasse cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs), chitosan nanofibers (ChNFs), and sodium alginate (SA), were blended with oregano essential oil (OEO) to make single- and multi-polysaccharide edible coating suspensions. The prepared suspensions were spray-coated on strawberry surface to form thin films with thickness varying from about 570 to 790 nm for single-polysaccharide coatings and 690-930 nm for multi-polysaccharide coatings. The coatings made with multi-polysaccharide were more effective in inhibiting fungal growth compared with single-polysaccharide coatings. Strawberry treated with SA/BCNC/ChNF/OEO formulation had only 10.8 % weight loss after nine days of storage. In contrast, uncoated and single-polysaccharide coated strawberries had >37.0 % and 28.6 % weight loss, respectively. In addition, the SA/BCNC/ChNF/OEO coating retained desired moisture, respiration rate, stiffness, firmness, and appearance properties of strawberry due to its gas barrier properties resulting from the entangled matrix structure. These results suggest that the multi-polysaccharide suspensions with OEO have a high potential for application as edible coatings for retarding senescence of strawberries.


Subject(s)
Chitosan , Fragaria , Nanostructures , Oils, Volatile , Alginates , Cellulose/pharmacology , Chitosan/chemistry , Chitosan/pharmacology , Food Preservation/methods , Fragaria/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Weight Loss
18.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 9(25): e2202380, 2022 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35798275

ABSTRACT

Uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and parasitic reactions have greatly hindered the development of high energy and long life rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, the synergic effect of a bifunctional lignin-containing cellulose nanofiber (LCNF)-MXene (LM) layer to stabilize the interface of zinc anode is reported. On one hand, the LCNF provides enough strength (43.7 MPa) at relative low porosity (52.2%) to enable the diffusion limited dendrite suppression, while, on the other hand, the MXene serves as a zinc gating layer, facilitating the zinc ion mobility, restricting the active water/anions from degradation in the electrode/electrolyte interface, and epitaxially guiding zinc deposition along (002) plane. Benefiting from the synergic effect of diffusion limited dendrite suppression and zinc gate, the LM layer enabled a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of 98.9% with a low overpotential of 43.1 mV at 1 mA cm-2 in Zn//Cu asymmetric cells. More importantly, Zn//MnO2 full cells with the LM layer achieve a high-capacity retention of 90.0% for over 1000 cycles at 1 A g-1 , much higher than the full cell without the protective layer (73.9% over 500 cycles). The work provides a new insight in designing a dendrite-free zinc anode for long-cycle-life batteries.


Subject(s)
Lignin , Nanofibers , Cellulose , Manganese Compounds , Oxides , Zinc
19.
Carbohydr Polym ; 291: 119573, 2022 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35698338

ABSTRACT

Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs), prepared from energy cane bagasse (ECB) using microwave-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent (MW-NADES) pretreatment combined with microfluidization, are utilized as stabilizing agents for magnetic particles (MNPs) in magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). The as-prepared LCNFs helped suspend negatively charged MNPs in MRFs effectively due to the presence of physically entangled network of LCNFs and the electrostatic repulsion between LCNFs and MNPs. Consequently, the presence of LCNFs increased the viscosity, yield stress and dynamic moduli of MRFs within the entire magnetic field range (0-1 T). Moreover, the as-developed LCNF-MRFs exhibited superior magnetorheological properties, i.e., widely controllable viscosity, yield stress and dynamic moduli, rapid magnetic response, good reversibility and outstanding cycling stability. This work demonstrates the sustainable, ultrafast production of LCNFs from cellulosic biomass using MW-NADES for MRF stabilization, paving the way for the development of high-performance, and eco-friendly MRFs.


Subject(s)
Lignin , Nanofibers , Cellulose , Microwaves , Solvents
20.
Nature ; 605(7910): 561-566, 2022 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35545668

ABSTRACT

NPR1 is a master regulator of the defence transcriptome induced by the plant immune signal salicylic acid1-4. Despite the important role of NPR1 in plant immunity5-7, understanding of its regulatory mechanisms has been hindered by a lack of structural information. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy and crystal structures of Arabidopsis NPR1 and its complex with the transcription factor TGA3. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals that NPR1 is a bird-shaped homodimer comprising a central Broad-complex, Tramtrack and Bric-à-brac (BTB) domain, a BTB and carboxyterminal Kelch helix bundle, four ankyrin repeats and a disordered salicylic-acid-binding domain. Crystal structure analysis reveals a unique zinc-finger motif in BTB for interacting with ankyrin repeats and mediating NPR1 oligomerization. We found that, after stimulation, salicylic-acid-induced folding and docking of the salicylic-acid-binding domain onto ankyrin repeats is required for the transcriptional cofactor activity of NPR1, providing a structural explanation for a direct role of salicylic acid in regulating NPR1-dependent gene expression. Moreover, our structure of the TGA32-NPR12-TGA32 complex, DNA-binding assay and genetic data show that dimeric NPR1 activates transcription by bridging two fatty-acid-bound TGA3 dimers to form an enhanceosome. The stepwise assembly of the NPR1-TGA complex suggests possible hetero-oligomeric complex formation with other transcription factors, revealing how NPR1 reprograms the defence transcriptome.


Subject(s)
Arabidopsis Proteins , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolism , Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism , Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism , Cryoelectron Microscopy , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Plant Immunity , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Salicylic Acid/metabolism , Transcription Factors/metabolism
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