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The COVID-19 outbreak is under control in China. Mobility interventions, including both the Wuhan lockdown and travel restrictions in other cities, have been undertaken in China to mitigate the epidemic. However, the impact of mobility restrictions in cites outside Wuhan has not been systematically analyzed. Here we ascertain the relationships between all mobility patterns and the epidemic trajectory in Chinese cities outside Hubei Province, and we estimate the impact of local travel restrictions. We estimate local inter-city travel bans averted 22.4% (95% PI: 16.8-27.9%) more infections in the two weeks after the Wuhan lockdown, while local intra-city travel prevented 32.5% (95% PI: 18.9-46.1%) more infections in the third and fourth weeks. More synchronized implementation of mobility interventions would further decrease the number of confirmed cases in the first two weeks by 15.7% (95% PI:15.4-16.0%). This study shows synchronized travel restrictions across cities can be effective in COVID-19 control.
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Objective To investigate the protective effects of Lycopene (LP) on hepatic oxidative stress injury in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods The diabetic rat models were setup by intraperitoneal injecting STZ (60 mg/kg). 60 models were selected and randomly divided into three groups: diabetes model control group, LP 10 and 20 mg/kg treated groups, with 20 experimental animals in each group. While, selected another 20 normal same-aged rats as normal control group. The drug was given by intragastric administration for 4 weeks, once a day. Before the drug was given and after 2, 4 weeks, the level of blood sugar was determined. Four weeks later, the body weight and hepatic index were detected; the activity of ALT, AST, ALP and the level of T-AOC in serum were determined; the activity of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and the content of MDA in hepatic tissue were determined; and the hepatic tissue histopathological changes was observed by HE staining.Results Compared with the diabetes model group, the activity of ALT in serum of LP 10, 20 mg/kg treated groups was significantly decreased (714.8±291.5 U/L, 862.7±348.1 U/Lvs. 1 007.6±375.7 U/L); AST was significantly decreased (75.2±18.6 U/L, 87.6±20.3 U/L vs. 99.3±21.5 U/L); and the content of MDA in hepatic tissue was significantly decreased (5.56±1.02 U/L, 5.83±0.98 U/L vs. 6.37±1.18 U/L); the blood sugar level of LP 20 mg/kg treated group was significantly decreased(16.6±1.1 mmol/L vs. 17.9±1.2 mmol/L), the body weight was significantly increased(281.5±24.8 g vs. 252.3±23.5g) and the hepatic index was significantly decreased (26.2±5.3 ‰vs. 30.4±5.8‰), the activity of ALP in serum was significantly decreased (135.2±30.8 U/L vs. 167.4±32.5 U/L) and the level of T-AOC was significantly increased (10.8±2.8 U/L vs. 8.7±2.4 U/L), the activity of SOD in hepatic tissue was significantly increased(10.8±2.3 U/mgvs. 9.1±2.3 U/mg), GSH-Px was significantly increased (16.1±3.4 U/mgvs. 14.3±3.5 U/mg), CAT was significantly increased (3.16± 1.08 U/mgvs. 2.63±0.90 U/mg).ConclusionLP had dose-dependent protective effect for hepatic oxidative stress injury in type 2 diabetic rats.
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BACKGROUND: Differences of thick and thin tissues in imaging areas is great because of postero-anterior images in cervical spine-thoracic spine.Although there are many image processing functions in direct digital radiography(DR)image with big range dynamic exposing,but routine direct DR hardly reveals anatomic structure of cervical spine-thoracic spine to detect diseases.Image quality of cervical spine-thoracic spine requires improvement.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference between direct DR image with tissue equalization(TE)technique and standard DR in cervical spine-thoracic spine,so as to explore the best image quality in cervical spine-thoracic spine.METHODS: A total of 200 cases were randomly selected from DR cervical thoracic image from Department of Radiology,General Hospital of Chinese PLA between April 2005 and August 2009 to evaluate the difference between these images of DR processed by tissue equalization and that of standard DR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The detail images of DR with tissue equalization in different thickness area of body could be revealed clearly in the same image,while the detail images of standard DR in cervical thoracic could be revealed clearly by adjusting window width and location repeatedly.Results show that the image quality of TE technique of direct digital X-ray radiography in cervical spine-thoracic spine could be clearly improved,it could be easily read and avoid the influence of body thickness area.Moreover,it could reveal clearly other part of body in detail.DR image with TE technique in cervical spine-thoracic spine can be applied widely due to simple operation,high diagnosis rate and low cost.
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BACKGROUND:The cervical pedicle screws mistakenly inverted the cervical pedicle could lead to the many complications such as spinal cord,vertebral arteries and nerve root damage.If the parameter of inserting pedicle screws were measured accuracy,the rate of inserting pedicle screws successfully could be improved.OBJECTIVE:To get 3D anatomic parameter of inserting pedicle screws in the cervical vertebrae with the CT three-dimensional recontruction.METHODS:The Dicom data that the cervical vertebrae had been scanned by SIEMENS EMOTION 16 CT were converted into the soft Mimics 8.1,GE workstation and three-dimensional cervical vertebrae were reconstructed.The parameters of inserting cervical pedicle screws were measured with the consideration of the diameter of pedicle screw.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cervical three-dimension images were reconstructed clearly with the CT three-dimensional reconstruction techniques.The cervical pedicular width,the axial length,α and β angles were measured by the soft measure function.The average inserting angular safe range of α angle was gained with the consideration of the diameter of pedicle screw.This method can mimic the operation and it is significant way in measuring the three-dimension anatomic parameter of the cervical vertebrae.The method is a good way that how to insert the cervical pedicle screw safely.