Amino acid metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment and its implication for cancer therapy.

Amino acids are essential building blocks for proteins, crucial energy sources for cell survival, and key signaling molecules supporting the resistant growth of tumor cells. In tumor cells, amino acid metabolic reprogramming is characterized by the enhanced uptake of amino acids as well as their aberrant synthesis, breakdown, and transport, leading to immune evasion and malignant progression of tumor cells. This article reviews the altered amino acid metabolism in tumor cells and its impact on tumor microenvironment, and also provides an overview of the current clinical applications of amino acid metabolism. Innovative drugs targeting amino acid metabolism hold great promise for precision and personalized cancer therapy.

Giant optical second- and third-order nonlinearities at a telecom wavelength.

A material platform that excels in both optical second- and third-order nonlinearities at a telecom wavelength is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. In this TiN-based coupled metallic quantum well structure, electronic subbands are engineered to support doubly resonant inter-subband transitions for an exceptionally high second-order nonlinearity and provide single-photon transitions for a remarkable third-order nonlinearity within the 1400-1600 nm bandwidth. The second-order susceptibility χ(2) reaches 2840 pm/V at 1440 nm, while the Kerr coefficient n2 arrives at 2.8 × 10-10 cm2/W at 1460 nm. The achievement of simultaneous strong second- and third-order nonlinearities in one material at a telecom wavelength creates opportunities for multi-functional advanced applications in the field of nonlinear optics.

Effects of carrier surface hydrophilic modification on sludge granulation: From sludge characteristics, extracellular polymeric substances, and microbial community.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a powerful biotechnological tool capable of treating multiple pollutants simultaneously. However, the granulation process and pollutant removal efficiency still need to be further improved. In this study, Fe2O3- and MnO2-surface-modified straw foam-based AGS (Fe2O3@SF-AGS and MnO2@SF-AGS), with an average particle size of 3 mm, were developed and evaluated. The results showed that surface modification reduced the hydrophobic groups of carriers, facilitating the attachment and proliferation of microorganisms. Notably, MnO2@SF-AGS showed excellent granulation performance, reaching a stable state about one week earlier than the unmodified SF-AGS. The polymeric substance content of MnO2@SF-AGS was found to be 1.28 times higher than that of the control group. Furthermore, the removal rates for NH4+-N, TN, and TP were enhanced by 27.28%, 12.8%, and 32.14%, respectively. The bacterial communities exhibited significant variations in response to different surface modifications of AGS, with genera such as Saprospiraceae, Terrimonas, and Ferruginibacter playing a crucial role in the formation of AGS and the removal of pollutants specifically in MnO2@SF-AGS. The charge transfer of metal ions of MnO2@SF promotes the granulation process and pollutant removal. These results highlight that MnO2@SF-AGS is an effective strategy for improving nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from wastewater.

Interaction mechanism of oseltamivir phosphate with bovine serum albumin: multispectroscopic and molecular docking study.

Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) is an antiviral drug with potential risks to human health due to overuse, leading to serious consequences such as gastrointestinal disturbances, abnormal neuropsychiatric symptoms, and sudden death. Therefore, gaining an in-depth understanding of its interaction with proteins is crucial. We investigated the interaction between OP and bovine serum albumin (BSA) utilizing multispectral methods (i.e., fluorescence, ultraviolet absorption, circular dichroism) combined with molecular docking techniques. Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that OP quenched BSA fluorescence by forming the OP-BSA complex. The Stern-Volmer constants (KSV) between OP and BSA were determined to be 3.06 × 103 L/mol, 2.36 × 103 L/mol, and 1.86 × 103 L/mol at 293 K, 298 K, and 303 K, respectively. OP occupies exclusively one binding site on BSA, and the fluorescent probe displacement measurements revealed that this is BSA site I. Thermodynamic data (∆H, ∆S, and ∆G) obtained by fitting the van't Hoff equation were - 77.49 kJ/mol, -176.54 J/(mol∙K), and - 24.88 kJ/mol, respectively, suggesting that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces mainly participate in OP-BSA complex stabilization. Moreover, the reaction occurs spontaneously at room temperature. Synchronous fluorescence spectra indicated that OP interacts with tryptophan residue of BSA. The results of ultraviolet (UV) and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the OP-BSA complex formation altered the microenvironment around amino acid residues. Circular dichroism spectra revealed that the addition of OP decreased the α-helix content of BSA by 7.13%. Docking analysis confirmed that OP binds to BSA site I through hydrogen bonding with amino acids VAL342, SER453, and ASP450. Finally, ADMET studies were conducted to explore the pharmacokinetics of OP as an antiviral drug.

A new subtype of artificial cell-derived vesicles from dental pulp stem cells with the bioequivalence and higher acquisition efficiency compared to extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) have been shown an excellent efficacy in a variety of disease models. However, current production methods fail to meet the needs of clinical treatment. In this study, we present an innovative approach to substantially enhance the production of 'Artificial Cell-Derived Vesicles (ACDVs)' by extracting and purifying the contents released by the DPSC lysate, namely intracellular vesicles. Comparative analysis was performed between ACDVs and those obtained through ultracentrifugation. The ACDVs extracted from the cell lysate meet the general standard of EVs and have similar protein secretion profile. The new ACDVs also significantly promoted wound healing, increased or decreased collagen regeneration, and reduced the production of inflammatory factors as the EVs. More importantly, the extraction efficiency is improved by 16 times compared with the EVs extracted using ultracentrifuge method. With its impressive attributes, this new subtype of ACDVs emerge as a prospective candidate for the future clinical applications in regenerative medicine.

BSG Isoform 2 (ENST00000353555) Is a Prognostic Biomarker in Predicting Unfavorable Overall Survival of Patients With Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: CD147, encoded by the BSGgene, has complex transcripts that encode proteins of different lengths. Total BSG transcription is a prognostic biomarker for patients with liver cancer. This study tried to analyze the expression profile and prognostic significance of BSG transcripts in liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, survival data from TCGA, and protein expression data from the Human Protein Atlas were systematically analyzed. RESULTS: Among the four protein-coding transcripts of BSG, ENST00000353555 encoding basigin-2 is the dominant transcript isoform. It might be an independent prognostic biomarker for unfavorable overall survival in patients with liver cancer (HR: 1.404, 95% CI: 1.1224-1.754, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: ENST00000353555 might be a prognostic biomarker linking unfavorable overall survival in liver cancer patients.

Structure-activity relationship of dual inhibitors containing maleimide and imidazole motifs against glutaminyl cyclase and glycogen synthase kinase-3ß.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia and one of the most common chronic diseases affecting the aging population. Because AD is considered a public health priority, there is a critical need to discover novel and effective agents for the treatment of this condition. In view of the known contribution of up-regulated glutaminyl cyclase (QC) and glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß) to the initiation of AD, we previously evaluated a series of dual inhibitors containing maleimide and imidazole motifs as potential anti-AD agents. Here, we assessed another series of hybrids containing maleimide and imidazole motifs to gain an in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship (SAR). Based on the primary screening, the introduction of 5-methyl imidazole at one side of the molecule did not enhance the QC-specific inhibitory activity of these hybrids (2, IC50 = 1.22 µM), although the potency was increased by 2' substitution on the maleimide motif at the other side of the molecule. Interestingly, compounds containing 5-methyl imidazole exhibited stronger GSK-3ß-specific inhibitory activity (2, IC50 = 0.0021 µM), and the electron-withdrawing group and 2' and 3' substitution were favorable. Further investigation of substitutions on the maleimide motif in compounds 14-35 revealed that QC-specific inhibition in the presence of piperidine was improved by introduction of a methoxy group (R2). Increasing the linker length and introduction of a methoxy group (R2) also increased the GSK-3ß-specific inhibitory potency. These findings were further confirmed by molecular docking analysis of 33 and 24 with QC and GSK-3ß. Overall, these hybrids exhibited enhanced inhibitory potency against both QC and GSK-3ß, highlighting an important strategy for improving the potency of hybrids as dual-targeting anti-AD agents.

Serum Metabolomics Reveals Metabolomic Profile and Potential Biomarkers in Asthma.

PURPOSE: Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease. Metabolomics plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and development of asthma. The main aims of our study were to explore the underlying mechanism of asthma and to identify novel biomarkers through metabolomics approach. METHODS: Serum samples from 102 asthmatic patients and 18 healthy controls were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. Multivariate analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to explore asthma-associated metabolomics profile and metabolites. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used for pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, 2 selected serum hub metabolites, myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine, were replicated in a validation cohort using ultra-high performance LC-MS/MS system (UHPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS: Distinct metabolomics profile of asthma was revealed by multivariate analysis. Then, 116 overlapped asthma-associated metabolites between multivariate analysis and WGCNA, including 12 hub metabolites, were identified. Clinical features-associated hub metabolites were also identified by WGCNA. Among 116 asthma-associated metabolites, Sphingolipid metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis were revealed by KEGG analysis. Furthermore, serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine were significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in healthy controls in validation cohort. Additionally, serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine demonstrated high sensitivities and specificities in predicting asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, asthmatic patients showed a unique serum metabolome. Sphingolipid metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis were involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Furthermore, our results suggest the promising values of serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine for asthma diagnosis in adults.

Michael Addition-Elimination Ring-Opening Polymerization.

A cyclic thioenone system capable of controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is presented that leverages a reversible Michael addition-elimination (MAE) mechanism. The cyclic thioenone monomers are easy to access and modify and for the first time incorporate the dynamic reversibility of MAE with chain-growth polymerization. This strategy features mild polymerization conditions, tunable functionalities, controlled molecular weights (Mn), and narrow dispersities. The obtained polythioenones exhibit excellent optical transparency and good mechanical properties and can be depolymerized to recover the original monomers. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of model reactions offer insights into the role of monomer conformation in the polymerization process, as well as explaining divergent reactivity observed in seven-membered thiepane (TP) and eight-membered thiocane (TC) ring systems. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the feasibility of MAE mechanisms in ring-opening polymerization and provide important guidelines toward future monomer designs.

Open Active Sites in Ni-Based MOF with High Oxidation States for Electrooxidation of Benzyl Alcohol.

The kinetics of electrocatalytic reactions are closely related to the number and intrinsic activity of the active sites. Open active sites offer easy access to the substrate and allow for efficient desorption and diffusion of reaction products without significant hindrance. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with open active sites show great potential in this context. To increase the density of active sites, trimesic acid was utilized as a ligand to anchor more Ni sites and in situ construct the nickel foam-loaded Ni-based trimesic MOF electrocatalyst (Ni-TMA-MOF/NF). When tested as an electrocatalyst for benzyl alcohol oxidation, Ni-TMA-MOF/NF exhibited lower overpotential and superior durability compared to Ni foam-loaded Ni-based terephthalic MOF electrocatalyst (Ni-PTA-MOF/NF) and Ni(OH)2 nanosheet array (Ni(OH)2/NF). Ni-TMA-MOF/NF required only a low potential of 1.65 V to achieve a high current density of 400 mA cm-2. Even after 40000 s of electrocatalytic oxidation at 1.5 V, Ni-TMA-MOF/NF maintained a current density of 175 mA cm-2 with ∼68% retention, showing its potential for benzyl alcohol oxidation. Through a combination of experimental and theoretical investigations, it was found that Ni-TMA-MOF/NF displayed superior electrocatalytic activity due to an optimized electron structure with high-valence Ni species and a high density of active sites, enabling long-term stable operation at high current densities. This study provides a new perspective on the design of electrocatalysts for benzyl alcohol oxidation.

CDK4/6 Alters TBK1 Phosphorylation to Inhibit the STING Signaling Pathway in Prostate Cancer.

The efficacy of immunotherapy in prostate cancer patients is limited due to the "cold" tumor microenvironment and the paucity of neoantigens. The STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling axis is involved in innate immunity and has been increasingly recognized as a candidate target for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we found that treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors stimulates the STING pathway and enhances the antitumor effect of STING agonists in prostate cancer. Mechanistically, CDK4/6 phosphorylated TBK1 at S527 to inactivate the STING signaling pathway independent of RB1 in prostate cancer cells. CDK4/6-mediated phosphorylation of RB1 at S249/T252 also induced the interaction of RB1 with TBK1 to diminish the phosphorylation of TBK1 at S172, which suppressed STING pathway activation. Overall, this study showed that CDK4/6 suppresses the STING pathway through RB1-dependent and RB1-independent pathways, indicating that CDK4/6 inhibition could be a potential strategy to overcome immunosuppression in prostate cancer.

A Prediction Rule for Occurrence of Chronic Thromboembolic Disease After Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

BACKGROUND: Occurrence of chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED) after 3 or 6 months of standard and effective anticoagulation is not uncommon in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). To date, there has been no scoring model for the prediction of CTED occurrence. METHODS: A Prediction Rule for CTED (PRC) was established in the establishment cohort (n=1,124) and then validated in the validation cohort (n=211). Both original and simplified versions of the PRC score were provided by using different scoring and cut-offs. RESULTS: The PRC score included 10 items: active cancer (3.641; 2.338-4.944; p<0.001), autoimmune diseases (2.218; 1.545-2.891; p=0.001), body mass index >30 kg/m2 (2.186; 1.573-2.799; p=0.001), chronic immobility (2.135; 1.741-2.529; p=0.001), D-dimer >2,000 ng/mL (1.618; 1.274-1.962; p=0.005), PE with deep vein thrombosis (3.199; 2.356-4.042; p<0.001), previous venous thromboembolism (VTE) history (5.268; 3.472-7.064; p<0.001), thromboembolism besides VTE (4.954; 3.150-6.758; p<0.001), thrombophilia (3.438; 2.573-4.303; p<0.001), and unprovoked VTE (2.227; 1.471-2.983; p=0.001). In the establishment cohort, the sensitivity, specificity, Youden index (YI), and C-index were 85.5%, 79.7%, 0.652, and 0.821 (0.732-0.909) when using the original PRC score, whereas they were 87.9%, 74.6%, 0.625, and 0.807 (0.718-0.897) when using the simplified one, respectively (Kappa coefficient 0.819, p-value of McNemar's test 0.786). In the validation cohort, the sensitivity, specificity, YI, and C-index were 86.3%, 76.3%, 0.626, and 0.815 (0.707-0.923) when using the original PRC score, whereas they were 85.0%, 78.6%, 0.636, and 0.818 (0.725-0.911) when using the simplified one, respectively (Kappa coefficient 0.912, p-value of McNemar's test 0.937); both were better than that of the DASH score (72.5%, 69.5%, 0.420, and 0.621 [0.532-0.710]). CONCLUSIONS: A prediction score for CTED occurrence, termed PRC, predicted the likelihood of CTED occurrence after 3 or 6 months of standard anticoagulation in hospitalised patients with a diagnosis of acute PE.

3D Nanoprinting of Heterogeneous Metal Oxides with High Shape Fidelity.

3D nanoprinting can significantly enhance the performance of sensors, batteries, optoelectronic/microelectronic devices, etc. However, current 3D nanoprinting methods for metal oxides are suffering from three key issues including limited material applicability, serious shape distortion, and the difficulty of heterogeneous integration. This paper discovers a mechanism in which imidazole and acrylic acid synergistically coordinate with metal ions in water. Using the mechanism, this work develops a series of metal ion synergistic coordination water-soluble (MISCWS) resins for 3D nanoprinting of various metal oxides, including MnO2, Cr2O3, Co3O4, and ZnO, as well as heterogeneous structures of MnO2/NiO, Cr2O3/Al2O3, and ZnO/MgO. Besides, the synergistic coordination effect results in a 2.54-fold increase in inorganic mass fraction within the polymer, compared with previous works, which effectively mitigates the shape distortion of metal oxide microstructures. Based on this method, this work also demonstrates a 3D ZnO microsensor with a high sensitivity (1.113 million at 200 ppm NO2), surpassing the conventional 2D ZnO sensors by tenfold. The method yields high-fidelity 3D structures of heterogeneous metal oxides with nanoscale resolution, paving the way for applications such as sensing, micro-optics, energy storage, and microsystems.

Novel Active Proteins for Sepsis Prognosis Revealed through ScRNA-seq and Quantitative Proteomics.

OBJECTIVE: To uncover critical active proteins influencing sepsis outcomes through multi-omics analysis. METHODS: This study collected peripheral blood from sepsis patients (NS = 26, SV = 27) and controls (Con = 16). Cellular heterogeneity was assessed using scRNA-seq. Cellular populations were identified through clustering and annotation. GSVA was employed to detect pathway alterations in sepsis, while the Viper algorithm estimated protein activity at the single-cell level. Signaling networks were investigated via cell-cell communication analysis. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by DIA proteomics and confirmed through integrated analysis. Prognostic value was evaluated via meta and survival analyses. RESULTS: scRNA-seq of 22,673 features within 34,228 cells identified five cellular clusters and 253 active proteins via Viper, validated by DIA (FC > 2, P < 0.05). Four proteins (SPI1, MEF2A, CBX3, UBTF) with prognostic significance were discovered and mapped onto the cellular landscape. GSVA enrichment analysis revealed that the NS group exhibited significant alterations in pathways related to cellular apoptosis and inflammatory responses, while the SV group displayed increased activity in DNA repair and cellular survival pathways. CONCLUSION: The study's findings advance the understanding of sepsis pathophysiology by linking differentially active proteins to patient prognosis, paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Antibody-activation of connexin hemichannels in bone osteocytes with ATP release suppresses breast cancer and osteosarcoma malignancy.

Bone tissue represents the most frequent site of cancer metastasis. We developed a hemichannel-activating antibody, Cx43-M2. Cx43-M2, directly targeting osteocytes in situ, activates osteocytic hemichannels and elevates extracellular ATP, thereby inhibiting the growth and migration of cultured breast and osteosarcoma cancer cells. Cx43-M2 significantly decreases breast cancer metastasis, osteosarcoma growth, and osteolytic activity, while improving survival rates in mice. The antibody's inhibition of breast cancer and osteosarcoma is dose dependent in both mouse and human cancer metastatic models. Furthermore, Cx43-M2 enhances anti-tumor immunity by increasing the population and activation of tumor-infiltrating immune-promoting effector T lymphocytes, while reducing immune-suppressive regulatory T cells. Our results suggest that the Cx43-M2 antibody, by activating Cx43 hemichannels and facilitating ATP release and purinergic signaling, transforms the cancer microenvironment from a supportive to a suppressive state. Collectively, our study underscores the potential of Cx43-M2 as a therapeutic for treating breast cancer bone metastasis and osteosarcoma.

Mass Spectrometry Imaging Techniques: Non-Ambient and Ambient Ionization Approaches.

Molecular information can be acquired from sample surfaces in real time using a revolutionary molecular imaging technique called mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). The technique can concurrently provide high spatial resolution information on the spatial distribution and relative proportion of many different compounds. Thus, many scientists have been drawn to the innovative capabilities of the MSI approach, leading to significant focus in various fields during the past few decades. This review describes the sampling protocol, working principle and applications of a few non-ambient and ambient ionization mass spectrometry imaging techniques. The non-ambient techniques include secondary ionization mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, while the ambient techniques include desorption electrospray ionization, laser ablation electrospray ionization, probe electro-spray ionization, desorption atmospheric pressure photo-ionization and femtosecond laser desorption ionization. The review additionally addresses the advantages and disadvantages of ambient and non-ambient MSI techniques in relation to their suitability, particularly for biological samples used in tissue diagnostics. Last but not least, suggestions and conclusions are made regarding the challenges and future prospects of MSI.

Role of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in development of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism in lung cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy.

Background: The role of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), especially the long-acting factor in the development of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) in lung cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy has been understudied, although the use of rhG-CSF has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of VTE. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,673 lung cancer patients who underwent hospitalized chemotherapy. We performed propensity score matching to offset confounding factors related to cancer-associated VTE development and classified the patients into short-acting (N = 273), long-acting (N = 273), and no rhG-CSF (N = 273) groups. The primary outcome was cumulative cancer-associated VTE development three months after all cycles of chemotherapy. Results: The overall VTE incidence in the short-acting, long-acting, and no rhG-CSF groups was 5.5%, 10.3%, and 2.2%, respectively (P <0.001). The VTE incidence in the long-acting rhG-CSF group was higher than that in the short-acting (P = 0.039) and no rhG-CSF groups (P <0.001). The VTE incidence in the short-acting rhG-CSF group was higher than that in the no rhG-CSF group (P = 0.045). The use of rhG-CSF (hazard ratio [HR] 2.337; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.236-5.251], P = 0.006) was positively correlated with VTE development among all patients, whereas the use of long-acting rhG-CSF (HR 1.917, 95% CI [1.138-4.359]; P = 0.016), was positively correlated with VTE development in patients receiving rhG-CSF. Conclusion: The use of rhG-CSF, especially long-acting rhG-CSF, increases the risk of cancer-associated VTE development compared to no rhG-CSF use in lung cancer patients who undergo hospitalized chemotherapy.

The Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup on Glucose Metabolism, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Probiotics have garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have confirmed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) could stimulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in NCI-H716 cells, but whether MN-Gup has a hypoglycemic effect on T2DM in vivo remains unclear. In this study, a T2DM mouse model was constructed, with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin in mice, to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on diabetes. Then, different doses of MN-Gup (2 × 109 CFU/kg, 1 × 1010 CFU/kg) were gavaged for 6 weeks to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on glucose metabolism and its potential mechanisms. The results showed that a high-dose of MN-Gup significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of T2DM mice compared to the other groups. In addition, there were significant increases in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate, and GLP-1 levels in the MN-Gup group. MN-Gup increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreased the number of Escherichia-Shigella and Staphylococcus. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed that Bifidobacterium demonstrated a significant positive correlation with GLP-1 and a negative correlation with the incremental AUC. In summary, this study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup has significant hypoglycemic effects in T2DM mice and can modulate the gut microbiota, promoting the secretion of SCFAs and GLP-1.

Insights into the role of mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous medical aesthetics: from basics to clinics.

With the development of the economy and the increasing prevalence of skin problems, cutaneous medical aesthetics are gaining more and more attention. Skin disorders like poor wound healing, aging, and pigmentation have an impact not only on appearance but also on patients with physical and psychological issues, and even impose a significant financial burden on families and society. However, due to the complexities of its occurrence, present treatment options cannot produce optimal outcomes, indicating a dire need for new and effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomics treatment is a new regenerative medicine therapy that promotes and regulates endogenous stem cell populations and/or replenishes cell pools to achieve tissue homeostasis and regeneration. It has demonstrated remarkable advantages in several skin-related in vivo and in vitro investigations, aiding in the improvement of skin conditions and the promotion of skin aesthetics. As a result, this review gives a complete description of recent scientific breakthroughs in MSCs for skin aesthetics and the limitations of their clinical applications, aiming to provide new ideas for future research and clinical transformation.