ABSTRACT
Protein as the allergens could lead to allergy. In addition, a widespread class of allergens were known as glycans of N-glycoprotein. N-glycoprotein contained oligosaccharide linked by covalent bonds with protein. Recently,studies implicated that allergy was associated with glycans of heterologous N-glycoprotein found in food, inhalants, insect toxins, etc. The N-glycan structure of N-glycoprotein allergen has exerted an influence on the binding between allergens and IgE, while the recognition and presentation of allergens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were also affected. Some researches showed thatN-glycan structure of allergen was remodeled by N-glycosidase, such as cFase I, gpcXylase, as binding of allergen and IgE partly decreased. Thus, allergic problems caused by N-glycoproteins could potentially be solved by modifying or altering the structure ofN-glycoprotein allergens, addressing the root of the issue. Mechanism of N-glycans associated allergy could also be elaborated through glycosylation enzymes, alterations of host glycosylation. This article hopes to provide a separate insight for glycoimmunology perspective, and an alternative strategy for clinical prevention or therapy of allergic diseases.
ABSTRACT
@#AIM: To analyze the changes in serum and aqueous humor of patients with diabetic cataracts in vitamin C, oxidative stress products, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels.<p>METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2019, 40 patients with diabetic cataract(40 eyes)were selected as the observation group, and 40 patients with simple cataract(40 eyes)were selected as the control group. The differences in the levels of vitamin C, oxidative stress products(malondialdehyde), inflammatory factors(IL-6 and IL-8)and VEGF in blood and aqueous humor samples of the two groups of patients were analyzed. <p>RESULTS: There was no difference in serum vitamin C levels between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05), but the aqueous vitamin C levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(20.6±13.6mg/L <i>vs</i> 27.2±9.9mg/L, <i>P</i><0.05); There was no difference in the serum malondialdehyde level of patients(<i>P</i>>0.05), but the aqueous malondialdehyde level of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(12.6±4.6nmol/mL <i>vs</i> 8.0±3.1nmol/mL,<i> P</i><0.001); Serum and aqueous humor IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly higher than those of the control group(<i>P</i><0.001); there was no difference in serum VEGF levels between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05), but the observation group's aqueous humor VEGF levels were significantly higher than the control group(45.6±20.6pg/mL <i>vs</i> 16.5±4.5pg/mL, <i>P</i><0.001).<p>CONCLUSION: Compared with patients with simple cataract, patients with diabetic cataract have similar serum vitamin C, oxidative stress products and VEGF levels, but there are greater differences in the levels of vitamin C, oxidative stress products and VEGF in their aqueous humor. At the same time, patients with diabetic cataracts serum and aqueous humor inflammatory factor levels are higher than those of patients with simple cataract.