ABSTRACT
Primary sarcomas of the breast are heterogeneous neoplasms derived from the non-epithelial elements of the mammary gland. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors comprise 5-10% of all malignant soft tissue sarcomas. Its heterogeneity and low incidence (1 in 100,000) limit the performance of prospective studies. Therefore, most published articles include individual reports and case series with a small number of patients, making it impossible to determine clear treatment standards in this scenario. A 36-year-old young woman with no personal history consulted the National Cancer Institute of Colombia with a 1-year progression of a rapidly growing mass in her left breast until reaching an approximate tumor size of 20 × 20 cm. Histopathological analysis with a tru-cut biopsy taken from the lesion revealed the presence of a breast sarcoma with positive staining for SOX-10 and S-100. A radical mastectomy as her first treatment included the resection of a costal arch and, therefore, the reconstruction of the chest wall with coverage of the defect with an extended latissimus dorsi flap followed by consolidation therapy with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. Evidence regarding malignant peripheral nerve sheath sarcoma of the breast treatment corresponds to retrospective analyses and case reports with high heterogeneity and variability about strategies in surgical procedures and adjunctive therapy such as complementary chemotherapy and RT; therapeutic approach should always include a multidisciplinary team.
ABSTRACT
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a rare medical condition that raises the probability of having distinct types of malignant and benign neoplasms. Nevertheless, the association with breast cancer is rare, and metachronic neoplasia with a distinct histologic subtype is an association that has never been reported before. Here we describe a case of a primary breast tumor, with posterior development of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, and a low-grade peripheral nerve sheath sarcoma.
ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal bleeding in HIV patients secondary to coinfection by HHV8 and development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare complication even if no skin lesions are detected on physical examination. This article indicates which patients might develop this type of clinical sign and also tries to recall that absence of skin lesions never rules out the presence of KS, especially if gastrointestinal involvement is documented. Gastrointestinal bleeding in terms of hematemesis has rarely been reported in the literature. We review some important clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment approach. We present the case of an HIV patient who presented to the emergency department with hematemesis and gastrointestinal signs of KS on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy without any dermatological involvement.
ABSTRACT
Primary pleomorphic sarcoma of the left atrium is a rare tumor. There is no actual evidence of the management of this pathological entity, so the main treatment is individualized, surgical management being the cornerstone of the treatment. We present a 78-year-old female who had a clinical picture of heart failure, documenting an atrial mass of the left atrium, with high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma revealed in histopathology. The tumor was surgical removed, with no clinical evidence of residual mass. The tumor recurred again within 3 years, to which the patient succumbed.
