Active volatile components of the preferred hosts are potential attractants to Hyphantria cunea adults.

The extraordinary adaptability and dispersal abilities have allowed Hyphantria cunea to expand its range, posing a great threat to urban landscapes and natural ecosystems. Searching for safe, efficient, and low-cost control methods may provide new strategies for pest management in H. cunea spread areas. In this study, based on the attraction of insects by preferred hosts, it was found that the response rates of virgin H. cunea female adults to Salix matsudana, Juglans mandshurica and Ulmus pumila were 89.17%, 97.92% and 93.98%, respectively. It was further found that this significant preference was mainly related to the volatiles m-xylene, o-xylene, dodecane and tetradecane found in the three species. Even though all four compounds at 10 µL/mL and 100 µL/mL had significant attractive effects on the virgin H. cunea female adults, m-xylene and dodecane at 100 µL/mL elicited significant EAG responses and tending behaviors by stimulating the olfactory receptor neurons (ORN A) of females, with response rates of 83.13% and 84.17%, while also having significant attractive effects on virgin male adults with rates of 65.74% and 67.51%. Therefore, both m-xylene and dodecane which at concentrations of 100 µL/mL had strong attractions to adults, could be used as the first choice of attractants for both sexes of H. cunea. This has important practical significance in reducing the frequency of H. cunea generations, limiting their population, controlling their spread range, and improving the efficiency of pest management in epidemic areas.

[Regional characteristics of ion concentration in glacial snowpits over the Tibetan Plateau and source analysis].

The characteristics of ion concentration were studied in snowpit samples collected from the GRHK glacier, the XDKMD glacier and the YZF glacier over the Tibetan Plateau. Samples of snowpits in these three glaciers were analyzed by ion chromatography and ion sources were also explored by correlation analysis. The results indicated that the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl- and SO4(2-) increased from the GRHK glacier to the XDKMD glacier and to the YZF glacier, suggesting that the terrestrial matter were major origin from the south to north over the Tibetan Plateau. The concentration of Cl-, Na+ and SO4(2-) in YZF glacier was higher by many times than GRHK glacier and XDKMD glacier, Perhaps mainly come from the evaporation of salt lake and the weather of mineral salts in the Qaidam Basin. The sources of NO3-, K+ and NH4+; were complicated and it is not obvious for the indication of environment.

[Toxicity study for acrylamide].

Acrylamide is one of the most important chemical materials, which has been widely used in industry. It is one kind of many contaminants in occupational environments. However, it has been reported that starchy foods cooked at high temperature contain a certain amount of acrylamide. The main acrylamide exposure route for non-professional population is intaking of high-temperature starchy foods. In this review, the studies for tumorogenesity, neurotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity possibly caused by acrylamide were reported.