Copeptin associates with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) necessitating hemodialysis pose substantial cardiovascular risks, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a leading cause of mortality. Biomarkers like copeptin have emerged as potential indicators of cardiovascular stress and prognosis in CKD populations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of copeptin in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among hemodialysis patients, alongside traditional cardiac biomarkers. METHODS: ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. Copeptin levels were measured, and patients were followed for MACEs, defined as cardiovascular deaths, myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure-related hospitalizations. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to evaluate the association between copeptin and outcomes, adjusting for relevant covariates. RESULTS: Among 351 patients followed for a median of 22.7 months, elevated copeptin levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of MACEs (HR 1.519, 95 % CI 1.140 to 2.023; p = 0.00425). Copeptin demonstrated predictive capability across multiple statistical tests (Log-rank p = 0.024; Gehan p < 0.001; Tarone-Ware p < 0.001; Peto-Peto p = 0.027), although significance was attenuated in pairwise comparisons post-adjustment for multiple testing. Combining copeptin with NT-proBNP or hs-cTnT further enhanced risk stratification for MACEs. CONCLUSION: Elevated copeptin levels independently predict adverse cardiovascular outcomes in hemodialysis patients. Integrating copeptin with traditional cardiac biomarkers may refine risk stratification and guide personalized therapeutic strategies in this high-risk population.

Lipid-lowering effects of gefarnate in statin-treated patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND: The prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) faces dual challenges: the aspirin-induced gastrointestinal injury, and the residual cardiovascular risk after statin treatment. Geraniol acetate (Gefarnate) is an anti-ulcer drug. It was reported that geraniol might participate in lipid metabolism through a variety of pathways. The aim of this study was to assess the lipid-lowering effects of gefarnate in statin-treated CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia. METHODS: In this prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled trial, 69 statin-treated CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia were randomly assigned to gefarnate group and control group, received gefarnate (100 mg/3 times a day) combined with statin and statin alone, respectively. At baseline and after one-month treatment, the levels of plasma triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol were tested. RESULTS: After one-month gefarnate treatment, triglyceride level was significantly lowered from 2.64 mmol/L to 2.12 mmol/L (P = 0.0018), LDL-C level lowered from 2.7 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L (P = 0.0004), HDL-C level increased from 0.97 mmol/L to 1.17 mmol/L (P = 0.0228). Based on statin therapy, gefarnate could significantly reduce the plasma triglyceride level (P = 0.0148) and increase the plasma HDL-C level (P = 0.0307). Although the LDL-C and total cholesterol levels tended to decrease, there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of gefarnate to statin reduced triglyceride level and increased HDL-C level to a significant extent compared to statin alone in CAD patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia. This suggested that gefarnate might provide the dual benefits of preventing gastrointestinal injury and lipid lowering in CAD patients.

Factors influencing HPV vaccine hesitancy among university students in China: A cross-sectional survey utilizing the 3Cs model.

The HPV vaccine, which has been demonstrated to be an effective method of reducing the risk of developing cervical cancer, is still being underutilized among college students in China. To assess the current status of HPV vaccine hesitancy among college students in Guangdong Province after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to systematically analyze the influencing factors of HPV vaccine hesitancy and construct a prediction model based on the WHO 3Cs model. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in June 2023 among female college students in four cities in Guangdong Province. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression with a focus on the 3Cs model: Complacency, Convenience, and Confidence. LASSO regression was employed to analyze the variables deemed to be of significance and to construct predictive models. Out of 1399 participants, 86.5% expressed no hesitancy toward HPV vaccination. However, 11.9% exhibited hesitancy, and 1.6% refused vaccination altogether. Factors such as trust in vaccine efficacy, perception of HPV infection risk, price considerations, and constraints like distance or time were significant contributors to hesitancy. Knowledge of the HPV vaccine, socio-demographic characteristics, and the educational level of participants' mothers also played a role in vaccine hesitancy. It is recommended that targeted interventions be implemented within educational institutions with the aim of raising awareness of cervical cancer and HPV vaccines, simplifying the scheduling of vaccination appointments, and increasing affordability through the implementation of strategic purchasing measures or subsidy schemes.

Early clinical outcome with lens position adjustment following implantable collamer lens surgery.

AIM: To observe early clinical outcome with lens position adjustment following the implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery. METHODS: Sixty patients were selected for this retrospective study. One eye from each patient received Toric ICL for astigmatism correction, and the other received non-astigmatic ICL surgery using horizontal position. Patients with higher postoperative arch height were selected, and their non-astigmatic eye clinical outcome were observed after ICL surgery at 1wk, 1, and 3mo. The clinical measurements included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), refractive state, corneal endothelium cell count, and arch height. Three months later, the ICL in each patient's non-astigmatic eye was adjusted to the vertical from the horizontal position. The results were compared before and 1wk, 1, and 3mo after adjustment. RESULTS: UCVA and IOP were significantly reduced 1wk after position adjustment compared to 1wk after ICL implantation (P<0.05). The patients demonstrated significantly reduced arch height and corneal endothelium cell count 1wk, 1, and 3mo after adjusting position compared to 1wk, 1, and 3mo after ICL implantation (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in refraction between 1wk, 1, and 3mo after ICL implantation and position adjustment (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Early positioning adjustment post-phakic ICL implantation can benefit patients with adjusted arch height or higher IOP. Despite the good clinical effects, the doctors should pay attention to the potential for adverse effects on UCVA and corneal endothelium cells following early position adjustment after posterior chamber phakic ICL implantation.

Efficacy of Amorolfine in Onychomycosis Treatment: A Mixed-Effects Models and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail infection treated with amorolfine hydrochloride nail lacquer in China. Monitoring drug concentrations and using dermoscopy to evaluate treatment efficacy may provide new insights. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to analyse amorolfine concentrations in nails with mild to moderate OM, assess treatment outcomes using dermoscopy and explore factors influencing drug concentrations and efficacy. METHODS: Patients with mild to moderate OM confirmed by fungal microscopy were enrolled. Amorolfine nail lacquer was applied twice weekly for 36 weeks. Monthly nail samples measured amorolfine concentrations using liquid chromatography. Dermoscopy was performed before and after treatment to evaluate responses. Mixed-effects models and logistic regression analysed factors affecting drug concentrations and outcomes. RESULTS: Ninety-seven nails were included. Amorolfine concentrations increased over time, with higher levels in females, fingernails, 2nd-5th digits and superficial white OM (p < 0.05). Age was a risk factor, while drug concentration and OM type were protective for clinical efficacy (p < 0.05). Peak concentration correlated with clinical (r = 0.487, p = 0.000) and mycological (r = 0.433, p = 0.000) responses. Dermoscopic features improved significantly in successful cases (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: In the assessment of fungal efficacy, only fungal microscopy was used, and fungal cultures were not performed. The study was limited by a small sample size and the lack of a longer follow-up to assess relapse. CONCLUSION: Amorolfine concentrations vary with patient and nail characteristics, influencing efficacy. Dermoscopy is valuable for monitoring OM treatment.

Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition.

Brain metastases (BrMs) evade the immune response to develop in the brain, yet the mechanisms of BrM immune evasion remains unclear. This study shows that brain astrocytes induce the overexpression of neuronal-specific cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in breast cancer-derived BrMs, which facilitates BrM outgrowth in mice. Cdk5-overexpressing BrMs exhibit reduced expression and function of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) and antigen-presentation pathway, which are restored by inhibiting Cdk5 genetically or pharmacologically, as evidenced by single-cell RNA sequencing and functional studies. Mechanistically, Cdk5 suppresses MHC-I expression on the cancer cell membrane through the Irf2bp1-Stat1-importin α-Nlrc5 pathway, enabling BrMs to avoid recognition by T cells. Treatment with roscovitine-a clinically applicable Cdk5 inhibitor-alone or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, significantly reduces BrM burden and increases tumour-infiltrating functional CD8+ lymphocytes in mice. Thus, astrocyte-induced Cdk5 overexpression endorses BrM immune evasion, whereas therapeutically targeting Cdk5 markedly improves the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and inhibits BrM growth.

Effects of Dietary 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Growth, Nutrient Composition, and Intestinal Microflora in Juvenile Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an endogenous non-protein amino acid and has been used as a new type of growth promoter in aquaculture feed. This study explored the effects of 5-ALA on growth and intestinal health in juvenile shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimps were fed diets containing five different 5-ALA levels (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g/t) for 90 days. A concentration of 45 g/t 5-ALA significantly improved growth metrics, including the specific growth rate, protein efficiency, and feed conversion (P < 0.05). The optimal concentration of 5-ALA was 38.3 g/t, as indicated by broken-line regression. Dietary supplementation with 5-ALA increased the crude protein content of whole shrimp, but had no significant effect on the moisture, ash, or crude lipid content (P > 0.05). Suitable supplementation of 5-ALA (45 g/t, 60 g/t) improved the activities of the digestive enzymes alpha-amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and lipase, thus promoting digestion and absorption. Shrimp fed with 45 g/t 5-ALA had increased levels of essential amino acids in the muscles and a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the hepatopancreas. Supplementation with 45 or 60 g/t 5-ALA upregulated the expression of genes related to growth and molting, including chitinase, ecdysone receptor, retinoic X receptor, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I, heat shock protein 60, and heat shock protein 70. Moreover, dietary supplementation with 5-ALA affected the abundance of intestinal flora, increased the number of beneficial bacteria, and improved intestinal health. These results indicated that 5-ALA may significantly benefit shrimp health and aquaculture productivity, providing a novel theoretical basis for further research into 5-ALA as a dietary supplement.

Insights into the occurrence, distribution and dissipation of widespread agrochemicals in celery agrosystems for joint risk assessment.

Elucidating exposure risks associated with the most widely used agrochemicals and their metabolites in celery agrosystems are vital for food safety and human health. The occurrence, distribution, dissipation and metabolism of imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), thiamethoxam (THM) and difenoconazole (DIF) in celery tissues reflected by initial depositions, uptake characteristics, half-lives, concentration variations. DIF exhibited unacceptable ecological risk to soil organisms under multi-risk evaluation models, including toxicity exposure ratio, risk quotient, and BITSSD model. The joint dietary risks of target pesticides were 37.273-647.454% and 0.400-2522.016% based on deterministic and probabilistic models, with non-carcinogenic risks of 30.207-85.522% and 1.229-2524.662%, respectively. Children aged 1-6 years suffered the highest exposure, with the leaves posing higher risk than other tissues. Long-term exposure risks should be continuously assessed for ecological sustainability and human health, given the widespread usage and cumulative effects of target pesticides, especially for rural children.

Knowledge, attitude and practice toward to artificial intelligent patient-controlled analgesia among anesthesiologists: a cross-sectional study in east China's Jiangsu Province.

BACKGROUND: Inadequate postoperative analgesia greatly affects the recovery of patients, can poses a substantial health and economic burden. Patient-controlled analgesia is the most commonly used method for postoperative pain relief. However, the situation of inadequate analgesia still exists. Artificial intelligent Patient-controlled analgesia (Ai-PCA) system can make it easier for medical staff to understand the pain level of patients in order to deal with it in time. So far, several studies have investigated anesthesiologists' knowledge and management of Ai-PCA. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the degree of anesthesiologists' knowledge, attitude and their practice (KAP) towards Ai-PCA in east China's Jiangsu Province. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 396 anesthesiologists working in tertiary hospitals. The data were collected using a pretested, structured and self-administered KAP questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression tests. RESULTS: Five hundred twelve questionnaires were collected, 396 anesthesiologists (190 Male, and 206 Female) were included in our study for statistical analysis. The score of knowledge, attitude, practice was 5.49 ((SD = 1.65; range:0-8), 37.45 (SD = 4.46; range:9-45), and 26.41 (SD = 9.61; range:9-45), respectively. Among the participants, 309 (78%) and 264 (66.7%) had good knowledge and positive attitudes toward Ai-PCA, respectively. However, only 81 (20.5%) of the participants exhibited good practice regarding Ai-PCA. Participation in Ai-PCA training showed a significant correlation with knowledge, attitude and practice scores. Besides, age, years of experience and professional titles of anesthesiologists were correlated with knowledge scores. The title of the anesthesiologist was associated with attitude scores. And the marital status of anesthesiologists was correlated with practice scores. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed the score of practice regarding Ai-PCA are very poor among anesthesiologists in east China's Jiangsu Province. The utilization of Ai-PCA was found to be impacted by whether the individual had received training. This calls for a comprehensive approach should be conducted for raising the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of anesthesiologist on using Ai-PCA and more Ai-PCA training to be included in the daily learning. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( www.chictr.org.cn ; 27/10/2023; ChiCTR2300077070).

Spotlight on the accumulation of heavy metals in Traditional Chinese medicines: A holistic view of pollution status, removal strategies and prospect.

The accumulation of heavy metal in circulating TCMs has attracted widespread attention because the security and therapeutic efficacy are inevitably imperiled by the survival ecological environment and human production activities. How to reduce the pollution level and improve the toxicity damage becomes an urgent issue. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of heavy metal contamination over a thousand types of single herbal (botanical, animal and mineral medicines) and TCM preparations published over nearly two decades. The survey revealed that growth ecosystems (soil, water sources), anthropogenic factors (harvesting, processing, storage), specific varieties and medicinal parts utilized as well as the inherent resistance capacity are the key factors that affect the accumulation of heavy metals in TCMs. And Pb, Cu and Cr are the major cumulative elements for botanicals, while mineral and animal medicines are dominated by As and Cu elements, respectively. Ongoing efforts aimed at mitigating the level and translocation rate of heavy metals by optimized cultivation processes, appropriate processing methodologies and advanced adsorption techniques are effective removal strategies. And the prospects of TCMs as a detoxifying agent for heavy metal toxicity damage posed development potential. Besides, the correlation between the speciation of arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) and their toxicity should also be elaborated in order to provide effective references for standardizing drug dosage and cycle. And the imperative from the perspective of improving limitations standards of HMs for animal medicines, external preparations and folk medicines as well as exploring the interaction mechanisms between heavy metals and active ingredients of TCMs provides the direction for the follow-up study.

DOR activation in mature oligodendrocytes regulates α-ketoglutarate metabolism leading to enhanced remyelination in aged mice.

The decreased ability of mature oligodendrocytes to produce myelin negatively affects remyelination in demyelinating diseases and aging, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. In the present study, we identify a mature oligodendrocyte-enriched transcriptional coregulator diabetes- and obesity-related gene (DOR)/tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 (TP53INP2), downregulated in demyelinated lesions of donors with multiple sclerosis and in aged oligodendrocyte-lineage cells. Dor ablation in mice of both sexes results in defective myelinogenesis and remyelination. Genomic occupancy in oligodendrocytes and transcriptome profiling of the optic nerves of wild-type and Dor conditional knockout mice reveal that DOR and SOX10 co-occupy enhancers of critical myelinogenesis-associated genes including Prr18, encoding an oligodendrocyte-enriched, proline-rich factor. We show that DOR targets regulatory elements of genes responsible for α-ketoglutarate biosynthesis in mature oligodendrocytes and is essential for α-ketoglutarate production and lipid biosynthesis. Supplementation with α-ketoglutarate restores oligodendrocyte-maturation defects in Dor-deficient adult mice and improves remyelination after lysolecithin-induced demyelination and cognitive function in 17-month-old wild-type mice. Our data suggest that activation of α-ketoglutarate metabolism in mature oligodendrocytes can promote myelin production during demyelination and aging.

Annexin A1 protects periodontal ligament cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and cellular senescence: An implication in periodontitis.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the tooth-supporting structures, triggered by the host's immune response toward the bacterial deposits around the teeth. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), a vital member of the annexin superfamily, is known for its diverse physiological functions, particularly its anti-inflammatory and anti-senescence properties. We hypothesized that AnxA1 has a protective effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses and cellular damage in periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). In this study, we demonstrate that LPS stimulation significantly reduced telomerase activity in PDLCs, a decline that was dose-dependently reversed by AnxA1. Importantly, AnxA1 protected the cells from LPS-induced cellular senescence and the downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression. In line with this, AnxA1 suppressed the LPS-induced expression of p21 and p16 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, AnxA1 demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). It also mitigated LPS-induced oxidative stress by reducing the levels of phosphorylated Foxo3a (Ser253) and restored sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. Notably, SIRT1 silencing abolished AnxA1's protective effects on Foxo3a phosphorylation and cellular senescence, suggesting that SIRT1 mediates AnxA1's actions. In conclusion, AnxA1 protected PDLCs against LPS-triggered inflammation and cell senescence by activating SIRT1 signal pathway. These findings indicate that AnxA1 could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of periodontitis.

Colletotrichum species (Glomerellales, Glomerellaceae) causing walnut anthracnose in China.

Colletotrichum species can function as plant pathogens, saprobes or endophytes on a wide variety of plant hosts and are considered amongst the ten most significant genera of plant pathogens globally. China contributes almost half the walnut production in the world. However, Colletotrichum species occurring on walnut remain largely unresolved in China. To explore the Colletotrichum species found on walnut in China, 470 walnut fruit or leaf samples with anthracnose were collected from 14 main walnut-producing regions across seven provinces. A total of 165 Colletotrichum strains were isolated from these samples. The Colletotrichum isolates were identified, based on morphological characteristics and sequence analyses of ACT, CHS-1, GAPDH, ITS and TUB2. Twelve species, including 11 known Colletotrichum species (C.boninense, C.citrulli, C.fioriniae, C.fructicola, C.godetiae, C.juglandicola, C.karsti, C.mengyinense, C.pandanicola, C.peakense and C.siamense) and a novel species (C.chinensis sp. nov.) were identified. The species distribution revealed regional prevalence as follows: C.mengyinense was the most dominant species in Gansu, C.mengyinense and C.siamense in Shandong, C.chinensis in Beijing, C.pandanicola in Shaanxi and C.godetiae in Yunnan. Colletotrichumsiamense was the sole species isolated in Sichuan and Xinjiang Provinces. Koch's postulates were fulfilled, demonstrating that all 12 species cause anthracnose on walnut. This is the first report of C.boninense, C.citrulli and C.karsti as pathogens of walnut anthracnose worldwide.

Distribution, sources, and contamination evaluation of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Qizhou Island sea area in Hainan, China.

Coastal areas are regions of active interaction between the sea and land and are highly sensitive to changes in heavy metal contamination caused by natural and anthropogenic activities. The contents of heavy metals in 80 surface sediments in the Qizhou Island sea area in the northeast of Hainan Island were determined to assess the contamination status, spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks. The results indicate that the main factors influencing the distribution patterns and contents of heavy metals are hydrodynamic conditions and sources of materials. The accumulation of Cd and Pb in the sediments is attributed to the combined effects of natural sources and anthropogenic input. In addition to widespread anthropogenic influence, the enrichment of Cd in the southeastern outer shelf area of the study region may be controlled by biogenic carbonate rocks or enhanced input of near-source materials during the late Pleistocene low sea level period.

Dynamic Brain Lipid Profiles Modulate Microglial Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Inflammation Under Ischemic Conditions in Mice.

Microglia are critically involved in post-stroke inflammation affecting neurological outcomes. Lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in microglia results in a dysfunctional and pro-inflammatory state in the aged brain and worsens the outcome of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of LD-rich microglia (LDRM) under stroke conditions is unknown. Using in vitro and in vivo stroke models, herein accumulation patterns of microglial LD and their corresponding microglial inflammatory signaling cascades are studied. Interactions between temporal and spatial dynamics of lipid profiles and microglial phenotypes in different post-stroke brain regions are found. Hence, microglia display enhanced levels of LD accumulation and elevated perilipin 2 (PLIN2) expression patterns when exposed to hypoxia or stroke. Such LDRM exhibit high levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß as well as a pro-inflammatory phenotype and differentially expressed lipid metabolism-related genes. These post-ischemic alterations result in distinct lipid profiles with spatial and temporal dynamics, especially with regard to cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol levels, further exacerbating post-ischemic inflammation. The present study sheds new light on the dynamic changes of brain lipid profiles and aggregation patterns of LD in microglia exposed to ischemia, demonstrating a mutual mechanism between microglial phenotype and function, which contributes to progression of brain injury.

Efficacy and safety of step-by-step Baduanjin exercise based on doctor-nurse-patient integration mode for pulmonary rehabilitation in patients after lobectomy due to pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Some pulmonary tuberculosis patients may require lung resection surgery. Postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation is essential to restore the lung function and maintain quality of life. We aimed to study the pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes and complications of step-by-step Baduanjin exercise under a doctor-nurse-patient integration mode in patients after lobectomy due to pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients undergoing lobectomy due to pulmonary tuberculosis between September 2017 and August 2021. Eligible patients were randomly assigned into the control group or interventional group. The control group received routine postoperative care. The interventional group received step-by-step Baduanjin exercise based on the doctor-nurse-patient integration mode in addition to the routine care. The primary outcomes were the pulmonary functions, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC. The secondary outcomes were the maximum walking distance in a 6-min walk test and postoperative pulmonary complications, including atelectasis, pneumonia, and respiratory failure. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients were enrolled into the study, with 50 patients in the control and interventional groups. There were 60 female patients (60%). The mean patient age was 37.9 (± 2.8) years old. At the one- and two-month postoperative follow-ups, pulmonary function tests showed statistically significantly better performances in FEV1/prediction, FVC/prediction, and FEV1/FVC in the interventional group than the control group. The 6-min walk test also revealed longer walking distances in the interventional group than the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative complications between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: A step-by-step Baduanjin exercise regimen under the doctor-nurse-patient integration mode could safely improve pulmonary rehabilitation in patients after lobectomy due to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Automated data collection tool for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B: Leveraging OCR and NLP technologies for improved efficiency.

Background: Collecting and standardizing clinical research data is a very tedious task. This study is to develop an intelligent data collection tool, named CHB-EDC, for real-world cohort studies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), which can assist in standardized and efficient data collection. Methods: CHB_EDC is capable of automatically processing various formats of data, including raw data in image format, using internationally recognized data standards, OCR, and NLP models. It can automatically populate the data into eCRFs designed in the REDCap system, supporting the integration of patient data from electronic medical record systems through commonly used web application interfaces. This tool enables intelligent extraction and aggregation of data, as well as secure and anonymous data sharing. Results: For non-electronic data collection, the average accuracy of manual collection was 98.65 %, with an average time of 63.64 min to collect information for one patient. The average accuracy CHB-EDC was 98.66 %, with an average time of 3.57 min to collect information for one patient. In the same data collection task, CHB-EDC achieved a comparable average accuracy to manual collection. However, in terms of time, CHB-EDC significantly outperformed manual collection (p < 0.05). Our research has significantly reduced the required collection time and lowered the cost of data collection while ensuring accuracy. Conclusion: The tool has significantly improved the efficiency of data collection while ensuring accuracy, enabling standardized collection of real-world data.