The Effects of Combined Respiratory Muscle and Exercise Training in Children with Bronchial Asthma: A Randomised Controlled Study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of combined respiratory muscle and exercise training on inspiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, spirometry measurements, asthma control the quality-of-life in children with asthma. Methods: Fifty children with asthma, who were treated in children's hospital of Chongqing medical university in Chongqing between May and December 2021, were selected and randomly divided into a rehabilitation group and a control group by using a random number table. The control group was given routine drug treatment and health education while the rehabilitation group received a combination of respiratory muscle and exercise training on the basis of control group. Results: After three months of treatment, the maximum inspiratory pressure, level of asthma control and quality-of-life in the rehabilitation group were significantly improved when compared with those in the control group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the 6-minute walking test and spirometry measurements (P>0.05). After three months of treatment, all outcome indicators in the rehabilitation group were significantly improved when compared to those before treatment (P<0.05). The mean value of maximum inspiratory pressure and some indices of spirometry measurements in the control group were significantly improved when compared to those before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combining respiratory muscle and exercise training on the basis of the routine drug treatment and health education significantly improved inspiratory muscle strength, the level of asthma control and the quality-of-life in children with asthma. More research is needed to explore its role in asthma in the future.

Permanganate release from silica-based hollow mesoporous coagulant combined with UV for spatiotemporal enrichment and degradation of diclofenac sodium.

In this work, the novel hollow mesoporous coagulant was prepared by chitosan-polydopamine coating and permanganate loading into silica nanoparticles for investigating the simultaneous enrichment and degradation of diclofenac sodium (DCFS) combined with ultraviolet irradiation. The enrichment kinetic of DCFS was explained well with pseudo-second-order model, indicating the exist of hydrogen bonding. Based on the correlation coefficients, the enriched isotherms were fitted by models which accorded with the BET > Freundlich > Langmuir sequence. The result showed that, in addition to the coagulant and DCFS, there were aromatic stackings among DCFS molecules. Due to both effects of which, the DCFS enrichment could be realized significantly in the range of pH 4.0-9.0. It was degraded at the copresence of ultraviolet and permanganate released from coagulant in acidic aqueous medium. The release mechanism was simulated through Korsmayer-Peppas model, implying case-II transport and Fickian diffusion. Additionally, Mn (V) and •OH radicals were vital in the DCFS degradation process. The coagulant could be reloaded at least ten times and that from each cycle was used directly for DCFS removal for six times without rinse process, which provided a potential application in environmental remediation.

Optimization for decolorization of azo dye acid green 20 by ultrasound and H2O2 using response surface methodology.

Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was successfully applied to the optimization of the operating conditions in decolorization of acid green 20 (AG 20) by ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of H(2)O(2). The effects of three operating variables, ultrasonic power density, initial pH value of dye solution and H(2)O(2) concentration on the decolorization efficiency of AG 20 were evaluated. A quadratic model for AG 20 decolorization was proposed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the proposed quadratic model could be used to navigate the design space. The proposed model was approximately in accordance with the experimental case with correlation coefficients R(2) and R(adj)(2) of 0.9995 and 0.9984, respectively. The optimum operating conditions for AG 20 decolorization were found to be 1.08 W/mL of ultrasonic power density, 4.85 of initial pH and 1.94 mM of H(2)O(2) concentration, respectively. The predicted decolorization rate under the optimum conditions determined by RSM was 96.8%. Confirmatory tests were carried out under the optimum conditions and the decolorization rate of 96.3% was observed, which closely agreed with the predicted value. The results confirmed that RSM based on Box-Behnken design was an accurate and reliable method to optimize the operating conditions of AG 20 decolorization.

[The oxidation degradation of great green SF by Fenton reagent].

Photo-Fenton method, the combination of Fenton reagent with light, is an efficient method for waste water treatment. In the present paper, the degradation of great green SF using this method was studied. Great green SF is a kind of permanent and nondegradable dye. Through numerous experiments, the influences of various parameters including the UV absorption curve of great green dye SF, the concentration-absorbency curve of great green dye SF, dosage of Fe2+, dosage of H2O2, initial pH, different light sources, and cation-exchange resin on the degradation were researched intensively. The optimum condition for dye SF degradation was given. Under the experiment condition, the sun light can promote this reaction apparently. The reaction time can greatly be shortened too. After the cation-exchange resin was introduced into the Fenton system, the activation of H2O2 can be enhanced to a great extent. The dosage of H2O2 will be decreased. The degradation effect of the great green SF is better. Under optimal conditions, the overall color removal is more than 96.7% within 40 min; COD can be removed effectively at the same time.