Stent composition and immune response after long-term coronary angioplasty.

Background: There are limited data about the influence of stent composition on immune responses after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Objective: The aim was to compare the effects of PCI with conventional cobalt-chromium bare metal stent (BMS) and drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation on the modulation of humoral and cellular immune responses. Methods: A randomised, single-centre, open pilot study involving patients with stable coronary artery disease eligible for PCI was performed. Blood samples were collected from the peripheral artery (PA) and the coronary sinus (CS) at baseline and 40 weeks following PCI. IgM and IgG autoantibodies (Abs), anti-oxLDL and anti-ApoB-D, as well as cytokine levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A total of 30 patients of 60 years mean age were included, 68% of whom were men. At the nine-month follow-up, a modulation in the levels of cytokines and autoantibodies was observed in both stent type groups. However, no difference was observed in the modulation of these markers between stents. Conclusion: The stent type promotes modulations in cellular and humoral immune responses in the long-term, with differences in the magnitude of effects in specific immune responses.

Prevalence of poor lipid control in patients with premature coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lipid goals have become more stringent in high risk patients. However, no studies have analyzed lipid control defined as the composite achievement of goals in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) and apolipoproteinB-100 (ApoB-100), in patients with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to analyze lipid control rates, and the associated factors with its poor achievement in patients with premature CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 1196 patients with CAD diagnosed before 55 and 65 years old in men and women, respectively. The American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (non-strict) and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (strict) criteria were used to analyze lipid control rates. Sociodemographic, dietary-healthy and clinical characteristics of the patients were collected. Participants were 54 ± 8 years old, 19.7% were women, and median CAD evolution was 2.4 years. Non-strict and strict lipid control was achieved in 23.0% and 8.9% of the patients, respectively. Moreover, 46.5% and 62.8% of the patients did not achieve any lipid goal using both criteria. Sociodemographic data were not different among patients who achieved or not lipid control. Treatment adherence<85%, prescription of low- and moderate-intensity statins, and obesity were consistently associated with poor lipid control. CONCLUSIONS: Lipid control is suboptimal in patients with premature CAD. Low lipid-lowering treatment adherence, low prescription of high-intensity statins, and obesity were independently associated with poor lipid control. Novel preventive programs and more aggressive pharmacological intervention should be implemented in order to reduce the burden of premature CAD.

Relación entre tipo y cantidad de carbohidratos dietarios con el perfil lipídico y ApoB100 en adultos / Relationship between the type and quantity of dietary carbohydrates, and the lipid profile and ApoB100 in adults / Relação entre o tipo e a quantidade de carboidratos na dieta e o perfil lipídico e ApoB100 em adultos

Objetivo. Establecer si existe relación entre el tipo y la cantidad de carbohidratos dietarios consumidos habitualmente con los niveles plasmáticos de lípidos, lipoproteínas y apolipoproteína B100 (ApoB100) Materiales y métodos. La muestra estuvo conformada por la base de datos de 144 de profesores de la Universidad Javeriana que previamente hicieron parte de otra investigación y de la cual se empleo la información sobre su alimentación, niveles plasmáticos de lípidos, lipoproteínas y ApoB100. Para determinar la relación entre las variables dependientes e independientes se realizó análisis de correlación simple y múltiple, en los casos de no correlación, se aplicó la prueba Chi² de independencia para relacionar el consumo de carbohidratos totales, azúcares y fibra total. Adicionalmente el análisis de varianza de un factor comparó los niveles de lípidos, lipoproteínas y ApoB100 con el consumo de carbohidratos totales, azúcares y fibra. Resultados. 76 hombres y 68 mujeres. La mayor parte de la población consume por encima de la recomendación diaria de carbohidratos totales, los hombres presentaron mayor consumo de carbohidratos tipo azúcares y más elevados los niveles plasmáticos de triglicéridos y lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL), mientras que mujeres presentaron niveles más elevados en sus lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL). Al relacionar gramos de cada tipo de carbohidratos, con los niveles de lípidos, lipoproteínas y ApoB100 no se encontró correlación significativa para ninguno de los casos (p>0,05). Conclusión. No se encontró relación significativa entre el tipo y la cantidad de carbohidratos consumidos con los niveles plasmáticos de lípidos, lipoproteínas y ApoB100.

Objective. To establish if there is any relationship between the type and amount of dietary carbohydrates commonly consumed and the plasmatic levels of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100). Materials and methods. The final sample was conformed by the database of 144 lecturers of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana who had previously participated in another survey and from which we used information on their food habits, plasmatic lipid levels, lipoproteins and ApoB100. To determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables, simple and multiple correlation analyses were done. In the cases of no correlation we applied the independence Chi² test to find the relationship with the consumption of total carbohydrates, sugars and total fiber. Additionally, with a one-factor analysis of variance we compared plasmatic levels of lipids, lipoproteins and ApoB100 with the consumption of total carbohydrates, sugars and fiber. Results. Most of the population consumes above the daily total carbohydrate recommendation, men presented greater carbohydrate consumption of the type of sugars and more elevated plasmatic levels of triglycerides and lipoproteins of investivery low density (VLDL), whereas women presented higher levels of their high density lipoproteins (HDL). When relating grams of each type of carbohydrates with the levels of lipids, lipoproteins and ApoB100, no significant correlation was found for any of the cases (p>0,05). Conclusion. There was no significant relationship between the type and amount of carbohydrates consumed with the plasmatic levels of lipids, lipoproteins and Apo B100.

Objetivo. Estabelecer a possível relação entre o tipo e a quantidade de carboidratos na dieta normalmente consumida com os níveis plasmáticos de lipídios, lipoproteínas e apolipoproteína B100 (ApoB100). Materiais e métodos. A amostra consistiu de um banco de dados de 144 professores da "Universidad Javeriana" que anteriormente fizeram parte de outra pesquisa, e da qual foi utilizada a informação sobre sua alimentação, os níveis plasmáticos de lipídios, lipoproteínas e ApoB100. Para determinar a relação entre as variáveis dependentes e independentes foi realizada uma análise de correlação simples e múltipla, em casos de ausência de correlação foi usado o teste do Chi² de independência para relacionar o consumo dos carboidratos totais, açúcares e fibra total. Além disso, a análise de variância de um fator comparou os níveis de lipídios, lipoproteínas e ApoB100 com o consumo de carboidratos totais, açúcares e fibras. Resultados. 76 homens e 68 mulheres. A maior parte da população consome acima da dose diária recomendada de carboidratos totais, os homens apresentaram maior consumo de carboidratos tipo açúcares, e mais elevados os níveis plasmáticos de triglicérides e lipoproteínas de muito baixa densidade (VLDL), enquanto que as mulheres apresentaram níveis mais elevados em lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL). Ao relacionar gramas de cada tipo de carboidratos com os níveis de lipídios, lipoproteínas e ApoB100, nenhuma correlação significativa foi encontrada para qualquer um dos casos (p> 0,05). Conclusão. Nenhuma relação significativa foi encontrada entre o tipo e a quantidade de carboidratos consumida com os níveis plasmáticos de lipídios, lipoproteínas e ApoB100.