Tissue-specific expression and circulating concentrations of nesfatin-1 in domestic animals.

Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring 82-amino acid protein encoded in the precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) and has been implicated in multiple physiological functions, including food intake and blood glucose regulation. This study aimed to characterize nesfatin-1 in domestic species, especially cats (Felis catus), dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and pigs (Sus scrofa). Our in silico analysis demonstrated that the NUCB2/nesfatin-1 amino acid sequence, especially the bioactive core region of the peptide, is very highly conserved (more than 90% identity) in domestic animals. Expression of mRNAs encoding NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was detected in the cat, dog, and pig stomach and pancreas. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of nesfatin-1 in the gastric mucosa of the stomach of dogs, cats, and pigs, and in the pancreatic islet ß-cells of dogs and pigs. No nesfatin-1 immunoreactivity was found in the cat pancreas. Nesfatin-1 was detected in the serum of dog, cat, pig, bison, cow, horse, sheep, and chicken. Circulating nesfatin-1 in male and female dogs remained unchanged at 60 min after glucose administration, suggesting a lack of meal responsiveness in nesfatin-1 secretion in this species. The presence of nesfatin-1 in the gastric and endocrine pancreatic tissues suggests possible roles for this peptide in the metabolism of domestic animals. Future research should focus on elucidating the species-specific functions and mechanisms of action of nesfatin-1 in health and disease of domestic animals.

Immunohistochemistry for Pathologists: Protocols, Pitfalls, and Tips.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an important auxiliary method for pathologists in routine diagnostic work as well as in basic and clinical research including exploration of biomarkers, as IHC allows confirmation of target molecule expressions in the context of microenvironment. Although there has been a considerable progress in automation and standardization of IHC, there are still many things to be considered in proper optimization and appropriate interpretation. In this review, we aim to provide possible pitfalls and useful tips for practicing pathologists and residents in pathology training. First, general procedure of IHC is summarized, followed by pitfalls and tips in each step and a summary of troubleshooting. Second, ways to an accurate interpretation of IHC are discussed, with introduction to general quantification and analysis methods. This review is not intended to provide complete information on IHC, but to be used as a basic reference for practice and publication.

Analysis of human BRIT1 expression and its clinical significance in cervical cancer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To detect the expression of BRIT1 in cervical cancer tissues and cervical noncancer tissues ,and to analyze the differences between the two tissues .Methods The expression of BRIT1 mRNA and protein in cervical cancer tissues and the paired cervical noncancer tissues was evaluated by RT‐PCR and immmunohistochemistry .Its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters including age ,tumor types ,size ,tumor pathological grade and clinical stage was analyzed .Results RT‐PCR results showed that the BRIT1 mRNA level in cervical cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in the paired cervical noncancer tis‐sues ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The immmunohistochemistry results showed that the BRIT 1 protein ex‐pression level in 44 cases of 63 (69 .8% ) samples wa slower than that in the paired cervical noncancer tissues ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05);In high pathological grades and high clinical stages ,the decrease of BRIT1 protein expression was more significant .Conclusion The difference of the BRIT1 expression between the cervical cancer tissues and cervical noncancer tis‐sues suggests that BRIT1 may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer .

Immunohistochemistry for Pathologists: Protocols, Pitfalls, and Tips

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an important auxiliary method for pathologists in routine diagnostic work as well as in basic and clinical research including exploration of biomarkers, as IHC allows confirmation of target molecule expressions in the context of microenvironment. Although there has been a considerable progress in automation and standardization of IHC, there are still many things to be considered in proper optimization and appropriate interpretation. In this review, we aim to provide possible pitfalls and useful tips for practicing pathologists and residents in pathology training. First, general procedure of IHC is summarized, followed by pitfalls and tips in each step and a summary of troubleshooting. Second, ways to an accurate interpretation of IHC are discussed, with introduction to general quantification and analysis methods. This review is not intended to provide complete information on IHC, but to be used as a basic reference for practice and publication.

Pathology of primary neuroectodermal tumor and its prognostic factors:A report of 35 cases / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the pathology of primary neuroectodermal tumor (PNET),and its diagnostic standards and prognostic factors.Methods Expression of CD99,FLI-1,Syn,NSE,S-100,NF,and Vim was detected in PNET tissues stained with HE and immmunohistochemistry (En Vision method).Survival rate of 33 PNET patients with complete clinical information was analyzed with COX regression analysis method.Results The positive expression rate of CD99,FLI-1,Vim,Syn,NSE and s-100 was 88.57%,51.43%,91.42%,48.57%,45.71%,and 22.86%,respectively.The sensitivity of combined CD99 and FLI-1 was 100%.However,NF was not expressed in all PNET tissues.When other factors were unchanged,no difference was found in the effect of age on the survival rate of patients.However,a significant difference was observed in the effect of PNET site and its treatment modalities on the survival rate of patients (P