The replaceability of the subject in the pandemic postmodernity of the 21st century / La reemplazabilidad del sujeto en la posmodernidad pandémica del siglo xxi

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ABSTRACT Objective: This research article addresses the understanding of the resignification of the concept of love from the transformations generated by the pandemic and the confinement by Covid-19 in Medellín (Colombia) between 2020 and2023, making a brief account of the heuristic memory used for the design, collection and analysis of research information, specifying methodological elements on which the process was based and the ways by which it was possible to come up with new findings; Subsequently, some semantic networks generated in the atlas.ti software are presented with their respective analyzesfrom which a session ofresults and conclusions is projected. Materials and methods: Regarding the investigative structure, four moments were developed. In the first one, the ontoepistemological foundation was developed, for which printed and digital scientific bibliographic sources were used, analyzing more than 250 articles in English and Spanish. The second moment was the development and application of semi-structured interviews to key informants. The third moment was the realization of the panel of experts with the adaptation of the Delphi methodology. The fourth, and last moment, was the analysis of the information collected for the consolidation of the products and results of the research through analysis matrices and the atlas.ti software for qualitative data processing. The research was developed in the city of Medellín from January 2021 to May 2023. The key informants were selected through the intentional sampling model, which responded to the criteria that guided the investigative process. Thus, the main inclusion criteria, for the general population, were being of legal age and having been part of an emotional or family relationship during the period of confinement by Covid-19 in the city of Medellín. The key informants were chosen among consultants of the psychology service, in total, 30 interviews were carried out with the general population. On the other hand, four professionals in psychology were selected whose professional work was related to the attention to the previously described population before, during and after the period of confinement. Finally, four experts were selected to carry out the panel, trained in clinical psychology, social work, sociology and sexology. Results: The data collected was processed through the Atlas.ti software, in which 38files corresponding to the transcripts of interviews with the population, interviews with professionals and panel of experts were collected. Likewise, in the processing of information, six main categories were identified in which 32 emerging codes were grouped, supported by 918 citations of the analyzed instruments. As a result of this research, it has been shown that pandemic postmodernity generated changes regarding the meaning of the concept of love, while exacerbating the characteristic elements of postmodernity, such as the relativization of ties. Added to this is a reality that had a direct impact on such ties, such as the confinement caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which not only affected people's health, but also caused profound transformations in the social fabric, from in particular, in relational dynamics, as it fostered the permanent use of digital and virtual networks given the mandatory nature of social distancing. In this same logic, the research sought a deep reflection on those new scenarios that were arranged by confinement in the context of postmodernity, particularly analyzing the way in which couples and families began to live new relational experiences in affective matters. . In this way, it is understood that love is a dynamic concept that changes according to the social and contextual particularities that, in this case, generated the pandemic. Among the most significant findings of this research, it is found that, in effect, great and profound transformations have been perceived around the meaning of the concept of love, given that the pandemic and confinement were activators of affective conflicts that had not been processed. in other scenarios. The interviewees state that love has been evolving and that a generational gap is beginning to become evident in the way other generations understood and lived love. In this way, family and couple love have taken on new meanings, which go hand in hand with new structural relational models in emotional and affective contacts. In accordance with the above, a large majority of key informants refer that the rise of the media and, particularly, of social networks, have generated profound effects on the concept of love from the perspective of the couple and the family, basing such changes in the amount of time invested in the use of devices and in the relational logics that are established through the different social networks, in which the possibility of meeting hundreds of people is established, having hundreds of close contacts, but, most of the time, without the possibility of generating deep ties. Conclusions: It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated the use of digital platforms and, consequently, new relational scenarios were consolidated that continue to feed relativism and the link fragility of postmodernity. When carrying out the analysis of the information obtained during the field work, it is possible to recognize some common discourses among the people who participated in the investigation. In this logic, one could speak of interpretations and conceptualizations that have simply begun to be part of the social construct, perhaps as a kind of imaginary in which ideas that become commonplace are simply accepted, which are influenced, or in some cases cases even defined by the massive consumption of content on social networks. Addressing the theme of love was, as anticipated in the onto-epistemological foundation of the research, dealing with a topic in which all people have something to contribute and about which there is always something to say. Added to this approach is the issue of the pandemic, another reality about which all human beings of the present time have something to say, as it is a recent event that affected the lives of all people. Both realities, love and the pandemic, run the risk of falling into subjectivity, taking into account that they end up being personal experiences that may be far from constructions based on an epistemological reflection and of which it can be said that emotions, sensations andfeelings prevail feelings when trying to talk about them.

The scale of myths of romantic love: Evidence of validity and reliability of a brief scale in Peru.

The study aimed to provide validity evidence and reliability of the Scale of Myths of Romantic Love (SMRL) in Peru among young and adult individuals. Focusing on how romantic love myths affect relationship satisfaction and their ties to interpersonal violence, sexism, and gender inequality, the methodology involved 308 participants, mainly females (75%), using the SMRL and Relationship Assessment Scale. Bayesian Confirmatory Factor Analysis (BCFA) assessed the scale's structure and reliability, complemented by descriptive statistics and correlation analyses to examine the myths' impact on intimate relationships. Results showed the SMRL's two-dimensional structure, confirming its robust psychometric properties and satisfactory internal consistency. Descriptive findings revealed a skeptical view of traditional romantic myths among participants, indicating the scale's good reliability and successful adaptation to the Peruvian context. This validation highlights how debunking romantic love myths can improve relationship dynamics and satisfaction and addresses their wider societal effects.

Tratamientos terapéuticos para afrontar la ruptura amorosa: Una revisión sistemática / Therapeutic treatments to cope with a love breakup: a systematic review

Abstract The study aimed to conduct a systematic review of therapeutic treatments to cope with a love breakup from 1992 to 2023 in Spanish, English and Portuguese in EBSCO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS). Two independent researchers performed the searches and data extraction. Out of 156 records, 13 articles are included addressing treatments to cope with love breakups. Most of the studies found were in the United States and Iran and aimed to women. The studies showed a significant decrease in symptoms of depression and anxiety during the love breakup. Empirical evaluation of the efficacy of future interventions to deal with breakups is recommended, based on experimental designs in adolescents and young people of both sexes.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática acerca de los tratamientos terapéuticos para afrontar la ruptura amorosa de 1992 a 2023 en español, inglés y portugués en EBSCO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science (WOS). Dos investigadores independientes realizaron las búsquedas y extracción de datos. De 156 registros, se incluyeron 13 artículos que abordaron tratamientos terapéuticos para afrontar la ruptura amorosa. La mayor parte de los estudios que se encontraron fue en Estados Unidos e Irán y fueron dirigidos a mujeres. Los estudios mostraron una disminución significativa en los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad por la ruptura amorosa. Se recomienda la evaluación empírica de la eficacia de las futuras intervenciones para afrontar la ruptura amorosa a partir de diseños experimentales en población adolescente y joven jóvenes de ambos sexos.

Development and Validity Evidence of the Myths of Romantic Love Multidimensional Scale (MRL-MS) in Young Chileans

Romantic love myths refer to culturally shared beliefs about love, falling in love and relationships. Their study and evaluation are of utmost importance, given that they have been recognized as a risk factor in dating violence with serious implications for the well-being and mental health of young people. The aim of the present study was therefore to develop a scale to evaluate beliefs about romantic love, establishing evidence of reliability and validity for the interpretation of the scores obtained. An instrumental cross-sectional design was carried out, applying the Multidimensional Romantic Love Myths Scale (MRL-MS) to a sample of 1001 Chilean young people between 18 and 25 years of age. As a result, a scale composed of 40 items assessing 8 interrelated dimensions was obtained, with evidence of validity based on internal structure, adequate levels of reliability, and evidence of metric and scalar invariance between sexes. Finally, the limitations of the study are discussed and possible applications and guidelines for future research are proposed.

Los mitos del amor romántico refieren a creencias culturalmente compartidas sobre el amor, el enamoramiento y las relaciones de pareja. Su estudio y evaluación son de suma importancia, dado que se han reconocido como un factor de riesgo en la violencia en el noviazgo con graves implicancia en el bienestar y salud mental de los jóvenes. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio es desarrollar una escala que permita evaluar las creencias sobre el amor romántico, estableciendo evidencias de fiabilidad y validez para la interpretación de las puntuaciones obtenidas. Se llevó a cabo un diseño transversal de tipo instrumental, aplicando la Escala Multidimensional Mitos del Amor Romántico (MRL-MS) a una muestra de 1001 jóvenes chilenos entre 18 y 25 años. Como resultado, se obtuvo una escala compuesta por 40 ítems que evalúan 8 dimensiones interrelacionadas, con evidencia de validez basada en la estructura interna, adecuados niveles de fiabilidad, y evidencias de invarianza métrica y escalar entre sexos. Finalmente, se discuten las limitaciones del estudio y se proponen posibles aplicaciones y directrices para futuras investigaciones.

Alma Gêmea: Adaptação da Romantic Beliefs Scale / Alma gemela: Adaptación de la Romantic Beliefs Scale / Soul mate: Adaptation of the Romantic Beliefs Scale

Resumo A Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) foi desenvolvida para acessar crenças sobre romantismo, que podem impactar na formação e qualidade de relacionamentos românticos. Tais crenças podem ser acessadas por meio de quatro fatores que representam o amor romântico ideal, sendo elas: Um e único, Idealização, Amor à primeira vista e Amor encontra uma maneira. Este estudo buscou evidências de validade para a RBS em um contexto brasileiro baseadas na estrutura interna e relações com as variáveis satisfação com o relacionamento e personalidade (Cinco Grandes Fatores e Investimento Emocional). Responderam a um questionário on-line 818 brasileiros com média de idade de 30,7 anos (DP= 14,1), sendo 73,2% mulheres. A escala apresentou evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna do instrumento e na relação com outras variáveis, e melhor ajuste a um modelo de fator de segunda ordem explicando os quatro fatores da escala original. Foram encontradas correlações positivas entre os fatores da RBS-Brasil e os fatores de personalidade Extroversão, Socialização e Realização, a Satisfação com o relacionamento e o Investimento emocional.

Abstract The Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) was developed to assess beliefs about romanticism, that can impact the formation and quality of romantic relationships. These beliefs can be assessed using four factors that represent the ideal romantic love, which are: One and only, Idealization, Love at first sight, and Love finds a way. This study sought evidence of validity for the RBS in a Brazilian context based on internal structure and relationships with the variables relationship satisfaction and personality (Big Five Factors and Emotional Investment). A total of 818 Brazilians with an average age of 30.7 years (SD= 14.1) responded to an online questionnaire, of which 73.2% were women. The scale showed satisfactory evidence of validity based on the internal structure and relation with other variables, and best fit to a second-order factor model explaining the four factors of the original scale. Positive correlations were found between the factors of RBS and personality factors Extraversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness, Relationship satisfaction and Emotional investment.

Resumen La Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) fue desarrolló para evaluar las creencias sobre el romanticismo, las cuales pueden afectar la formación y calidad de las relaciones románticas. Estas creencias pueden ser accedidas a través de cuatro factores que representan el amor romántico ideal, los cuales son: Único, Idealización, Amor a primera vista y Amor encuentra un camino. Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez para el RBS en un contexto brasileño basadas en la estructura interna y relaciones con variables como la satisfacción con la relación y la personalidad (Cinco Grandes Factores e Inversión Emocional). Respondieron a un cuestionario 818 brasileños con una media de edad de 30.7 años (DE= 14.1), de los cuales el 73.2% eran mujeres. La escala mostró evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna del instrumento y en la relación con otras variables, y un mejor ajuste a un modelo factorial de segundo orden que explica los cuatro factores de la escala original. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre los factores de RBS-Brasil y los factores de personalidad Extraversión, Amabilidad y Realización, así como con la Satisfacción con la relación e Investidura emocional.

Jealousy, sexism, and romantic love myths: the role of beliefs in online dating violence.

With the massification of the Internet and social networks, a new form of dating violence called cyber-violence has emerged, which involves behaviors of control, humiliation, intimidation and threats towards the partner or ex-partner. Using a non-probabilistic sample of 1,001 participants aged 18 to 25 years, the present study used an ex post facto, retrospective, cross-sectional, single-group design to analyze the joint effects that beliefs associated with dating violence such as romantic love myths, jealousy, and sexism have on the victimization and perpetration of cyber-violence. The results evidenced that jealousy is involved in both Cyber-victimization and Cyber-harassment perpetrated, while sexist beliefs are only involved in perpetration. In the discussion section, it is postulated that cyber-violence is a phenomenon that is more related to the probability of aggression, but not to the probability of being a victim. Finally, limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

Ter alguém com quem contar: A percepção de adolescentes acerca do amor e do suporte do(a) parceiro(a) amoroso(a) / Have somebody to count on: Adolescents' perception about love and support from a romantic partner

Embora interações com amigos e parceiros amorosos ganhem importância na adolescência, ainda há controvérsias acerca da profundidade e da qualidade da vinculação amorosa. Buscou-se avaliar a percepção de setenta adolescentes gaúchos (12 a 18 anos), de escolas públicas e privadas de Porto Alegre e Canoas/RS, acerca do amor e do suporte do(a) parceiro(a) amoroso(a), e verificar suas associações com características sociodemográficas. Aplicou-se individualmente, em sala de aula, um questionário de dados sociodemográficos, o Inventário de Qualidade dos Relacionamentos Interpessoais e a Escala Triangular do Amor ­ Versão Reduzida. Os dados obtidos foram digitados em planilha no SPSS e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e correlacional (Correlação de Spearman e comparação entre grupos via teste de Mann-Whitney, considerando as variáveis gênero, faixa etária, renda familiar, religião, escolaridade e presença ou não de relação sexual). Os adolescentes perceberam seus relacionamentos como importantes, considerando-os boa fonte de suporte, apresentando altos índices de intimidade, paixão e comprometimento e baixo nível de conflito. Encontrou-se associação positiva entre comprometimento e profundidade e intimidade e suporte, assim como entre maior idade e maior comprometimento. Ter relacionamento sexual associou-se a maior percepção de conflito e paixão. Os relacionamentos amorosos mostraram ser fonte de suporte para o desenvolvimento saudável desses adolescentes.

Although interactions with friends and romantic relationships become important during adolescence, there is still controversy about the depth and quality of adolescents' attachment to their romantic partners. The present study aimed to evaluate the adolescents' perception of love and their romantic partner's support, as well as to verify its possible associations with sociodemographic characteristics. Seventy adolescents (12 to 18 years old) from South Brazil, enrolled in public and private schools of Porto Alegre and Canoas/RS, fulfilled individually, at school, a sociodemographic data questionnaire, the Quality of Relationships Inventory and the Triangular Love Scale ­ Reduced Version. The collected data were entered into a spreadsheet in SPSS. Descriptive and correlational statistics analysis were performed (Spearman correlation and comparison between groups via Mann-Whitney test, considering the variables gender, age group, family income, religion, education level, and the presence or absence of sexual intercourse). The adolescents perceived their romantic relationships as important, as a good source of support, showing high levels of intimacy, passion and commitment, and low levels of conflict. A positive association was found between commitment and depth, and intimacy and support, as well as higher age and more advanced levels of commitment. Having a sexual relationship was associated with a higher perception of conflict and passion. Romantic relationships proved to be a source of support for the healthy development of these adolescents.

El hombre perfecto / I am your person

La fantasía que impera en este film plantea la ilusión de encontrar un ser complementario que se adapte a nuestras preferencias y nos haga plenos. "Mi algoritmo está diseñado para hacerte feliz" dice el humanoide. Ilusión de que alguien tendría la posibilidad de ser complementario, de saber exactamente lo que el otro requiere. Estamos en las antípodas de la famosa fórmula de Lacan:" (Le Séminaire, Encore, 1975) "No hay relación sexual" (o sea, no hay complementariedad). No habría resto, el sujeto no estaría atravesado por la castración simbólica. La IA compite con Zeus. La fantasía del Uno, organismo previo a la separación del andrógino por parte de Zeus, se podría materializar con la IA

The fantasy that prevails in this film, raises the illusion of finding a complementary being that adapts to our preferences and makes us full. "My algorithm is designed to make you happy," says the humanoid. Illusion that someone would have the possibility of being complementary, of knowing exactly what the other requires. We are at the antipodes of Lacan's famous formula: "(Le Séminaire, Encore, 1975) "There is no sexual intercourse" (that is, there is no complementarity). There would be no rest, the subject would not be pierced by symbolic castration. AI competes with Zeus. The fantasy of the One, an organism prior to the separation of the androgynous by Zeus, could materialize with AI.

Yann Andréa, "une lettre que je continue de vous écrire / Uma carta que eu continuo te escrevendo / Yann Andréa, "a letter I keep writing to you"

Jeune étudiant en philosophie à Caen, Yann Andréa qui s'appelle encore Yann Lemée, découvre l'écriture de Marguerite Duras, instantanément galvanisé par l'expérience, il se met à lui écrire, presque tous les jours, parfois plusieurs fois par jour, par paquets, sans attente de réponse. Touchée par la puissance de Yann, Duras lui répond, lui dédie une œuvre et finit par partager sa vie avec lui. Il s'agit d'un amour qui n'est pas habillé par le fantasme mais qui est resserré autour d'un point de réel, l'écriture. Sophie Marret-Maleval prend le couple Duras/Andréa en exemple pour illustrer par la négative l'inexistence du rapport sexuel : la fonction d'agrafe de l'amour, qui s'écrit S1-a, serait réalisée dans ces moments d'écriture à travers leurs positions subjectives respectives : M. Duras en place de produire les S1 et Y. Andréa au lieu de l'objet

Jovem estudante de filosofia em Caen, Yann Andréa, então conhecido como Yann Lemée, descobre a escrita de Marguerite Duras e, instantaneamente galvanizado pela experiência, começa a escrever para ela, quase todos os dias, às vezes várias vezes ao dia, em pacotes, sem esperar por uma resposta. Tocada pela força de Yann, Duras lhe responde, dedica uma obra a ele e acaba compartilhando sua vida com ele. Trata-se de um amor que não é vestido pelo fantasma, mas que é apertado em torno de um ponto de realidade, a escrita. Sophie Marret-Maleval utiliza o casal Duras/Andréa como exemplo negativo para ilustrar a inexistência da relação sexual: a função de ligação do amor, expressa como S1-a, é realizada nesses momentos de escrita através de suas posições subjetivas respectivas: M. Duras no lugar de produzir os S1 e Y. Andréa no lugar do objeto.

A young philosophy student in Caen, Yann Andréa, still known as Yann Lemée, discovers the writing of Marguerite Duras, instantly galvanized by the experience, begins to write to her, almost every day, sometimes several times a day, in packages, without expecting a response. Touched by Yann's power, Duras replies to him, dedicates a work to him, and eventually shares her life with him. This is a love that is not clothed in fantasy but is centered around a point of reality: writing. Sophie Marret-Maleval uses the Duras/Andréa couple as a negative example to illustrate the absence of the sexual relationship: the function of bonding that love performs, expressed as S1-a, is realized in these moments of writing through their respective subjective positions: M. Duras in the position of producing the S1 and Y. Andréa in the place of the object

Yann Andréa, "uma carta que eu continuo te escrevendo" / Yann Andréa, "une lettre que je continue de vous écrire" / Yann Andréa, "a letter I keep writing to you"

Jovem estudante de filosofia em Caen, Yann Andréa, então conhecido como Yann Lemée, descobre a escrita de Marguerite Duras e, instantaneamente galvanizado pela experiência, começa a escrever para ela, quase todos os dias, às vezes várias vezes ao dia, em pacotes, sem esperar por uma resposta. Tocada pela força de Yann, Duras lhe responde, dedica uma obra a ele e acaba compartilhando sua vida com ele. Trata-se de um amor que não é vestido pelo fantasma, mas que é apertado em torno de um ponto de realidade, a escrita. Sophie Marret-Maleval utiliza o casal Duras/Andréa como exemplo negativo para ilustrar a inexistência da relação sexual: a função de ligação do amor, expressa como S1-a, é realizada nesses momentos de escrita através de suas posições subjetivas respectivas: M. Duras no lugar de produzir os S1 e Y. Andréa no lugar do objeto

eune étudiant en philosophie à Caen, Yann Andréa qui s'appelle encore Yann Lemée, découvre l'écriture de Marguerite Duras, instantanément galvanisé parl'expérience, il se met à lui écrire, presque tous les jours, parfois plusieurs fois par jour, par paquets, sans attente de réponse. Touchée par la puissance de Yann, Duras lui répond, lui dédie une œuvre et finit par partager sa vie avec lui. Il s'agit d'un amour qui n'est pas habillé par le fantasme mais qui est resserré autour d'un point de réel, l'écriture. Sophie Marret-Maleval prend le couple Duras/Andréa en exemple pour illustrer par la négative l'inexistence du rapport sexuel : la fonction d'agrafe de l'amour, qui s'écrit S1-a, serait réalisée dans ces moments d'écriture à travers leurs positions subjectives respectives : M. Duras en place de produire les S1 et Y. Andréa au lieu de l'objet

A young philosophy student in Caen, Yann Andréa, still known as Yann Lemée, discovers the writing of Marguerite Duras, instantly galvanized by the experience, begins to write to her, almost every day, sometimes several times a day, in packages, without expecting a response. Touched by Yann's power, Duras replies to him, dedicates a work to him, and eventually shares her life with him. This is a love that is not clothed in fantasy but is centered around a point of reality: writing. Sophie Marret-Maleval uses the Duras/Andréa couple as a negative example to illustrate the absence of the sexual relationship: the function of bonding that love performs, expressed as S1-a, is realized in these moments of writing through their respective subjective positions: M. Duras in the position of producing the S1 and Y. Andréa in the place of the object

Análisis Psicométrico de la Escala Triangular de Amor de Sternberg en una Muestra de la Ciudad de Arequipa / Psychometric Analysis of Sternberg's Triangle Love Scale in a Sample from Arequipa City

Resumen En esta investigación de corte psicométrico se analizó la validez y la confiabilidad de la Escala Triangular de Amor de Sternberg (ETAS) de 45 ítems, en una muestra de 296 personas de la ciudad de Arequipa (ubicada al sur del Perú). El 56.1% fueron mujeres y el 43.9% fueron varones con una edad promedio de 40.7 años. La ETAS tiene tres componentes: Intimidad, Compromiso y Pasión. Para el procesamiento estadístico se aplicó el análisis factorial confirmatorio para analizar la estructura interna y la prueba alfa ordinal para estimar la confiabilidad. Se encontró que la ETAS tiene una estructura de tres factores, luego de eliminar 11 ítems debido a que saturaban en dos o más factores. La escala quedó reducida a 34 ítems, con adecuados índices de bondad de ajuste y una confiabilidad con índices superiores a .93 en cada uno de sus tres factores.

Abstract In this psychometric research, the validity and reliability of the 45-item Sternberg Triangular Love Scale (STLS) was analyzed in a sample of 296 people from the city of Arequipa (located in southern Peru). 56.1% were women and 43.9% were men with an average age of 40.7 years. The STLS has three components: Intimacy, Commitment and Passion. For statistical processing, confirmatory factor analysis was applied to analyze the internal structure and the ordinal alpha test to estimate reliability. It was found that the STLS has a three-factor structure, after eliminating 11 items because they loaded on two or more factors. The scale was reduced to 34 items, with adequate goodness-of-fit indexes and reliability with indexes greater than .93 in each of its three factors.

Representação de professoras em Mário de Andrade: Loucura e velhice / Representation of female teachers in Mário de Andrade: Madness and old age

O presente artigo busca analisar as representações de professoras presentes no conto "Atrás da Catedral de Ruão" (1947) e no romance Amar, verbo intransitivo (1944), ambos de Mário de Andrade, com ênfase nas questões insertas sobre a noção de velhice e loucura. São textos escritos sob a égide do Modernismo e que tematizaram as respectivas práticas pedagógicas, mas ressaltam também as angústias de mulheres trabalhadoras e itinerantes, que são malvistas por exercerem funções de natureza pública em espaços privados. Se por um lado era emblemático o fato de ser mulher, por outro, eram ainda mais acentuados os destaques feitos pelo escritor, pois a idade estava à mostra e a loucura era vista como condição inata de um gênero supostamente inferior. A literatura no presente estudo significou importante artefato cultural, também serviu como peculiar fonte para interpretação pelos historiadores do presente, de modo que o método aqui utilizado foi aquele sintetizado na noção de operação historiográfica preconizada por Michel de Certeau (1975/2020).

This paper analyzes the representations of female teachers in the short story "Behind Ruão's Cathedral" (1947) and in the novel "To Love, intransitive verb" (1944), both by Mário de Andrade, with emphasis on the questions about the notion of old age and madness. These texts were written under the aegis of Modernism, and they thematize the respective pedagogical practices, but also highlight the anguish of working and itinerant women, who are disliked for performing public functions in private spaces. If on the one hand it was emblematic that she was a woman, on the other, the writer's highlights were even more pronounced, for age was on display and madness was seen as an innate condition of a supposedly inferior gender. Literature in the present study meant an important cultural artifact, and also served as a peculiar source for interpretation by historians of the present, so that the method used here was that synthesized in the notion of historiographical operation advocated by Michel de Certeau (1975/2020).

Produção técnica: enlaces e desenlaces contemporâneos ­ vozes femininas / Technical production: contemporary affective bonds ­ female voices / Producción técnica: conexiones y desenlaces contemporáneos ­ voces femeninas

| INTRODUÇÃO: O presente trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um canal no Youtube com vista a promover reflexão sobre a temática do amor e do seu desenlace, possibilitando a discussão ampla sobre aspectos da contemporaneidade e estratégias de enfrentamento das dores implicadas. OBJETIVO: Trata-se de um artigo que descreve de forma analítica e dialogada com a literatura a experiência um canal de comunicação virtual com informações científicas, históricas, além de histórias vividas, constituindo-se uma estratégia de reflexão sobre as mulheres, realizada por mulheres, para as mulheres. RESULTADOS: Os resultados colocam o machismo e o patriarcado como entraves das vivências femininas contemporâneas e a fala, o feminismo e a busca por autonomia como exercícios a serem protagonizados no cotidiano de diferentes mulheres. A dor de amor e o luto emergem como vivências atravessadas por esses elementos culturais.

INTRODUCTION: This paper describes the development of a Youtube channel to promote the debate about love and the experiences of contemporary women, making it possible to discuss aspects of contemporaneity and strategies to face the pain implied. OBJECTIVE: It is an experience report that describes, in an analytical way and in dialogue with literature, the experience of a virtual communication channel with scientific and historical information, as well as lived stories, constituting a strategy of reflection about women, made by women, for women. RESULTS: The results place machismo and patriarchy as obstacles to contemporary female experiences, and speech, feminism, and the search for autonomy as exercises to be protagonized in the daily lives of different women. The pain of love and mourning emerge as experiences crossed by these cultural elements.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El presente trabajo describe el desarrollo de un canal de YouTube con el objetivo de promover la reflexión sobre el tema del amor y su desenlace, posibilitando una amplia discusión sobre aspectos contemporáneos y estrategias para el enfrentamiento del dolor envuelto. OBJETIVO: Este es un artículo que de forma analítica y en diálogo con la literatura describe la experiencia de un canal de comunicación virtual con información científica e histórica, además de relatos vividos, constituyendo una estrategia de reflexión sobre las mujeres, realizada por mujeres, para mujeres. RESULTADOS: Los resultados sitúan al machismo y al patriarcado como barreras a las experiencias y discursos femeninos contemporáneos, al feminismo y la búsqueda de la autonomía como ejercicios a realizar en el cotidiano de las diferentes mujeres. El dolor del amor y el duelo emergen como experiencias atravesadas por estos elementos culturales.

Relacionamentos ab-usivos / Abusive relationships / Relation abusive / Relación ab-usiva

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender os aspectos que envolvem a permanência e a passividade das vítimas de relacionamentos abusivos a partir de conceitos psicanalíticos. Para tanto, utilizou-se conceitos de Freud e Lacan, articulando a relação do sujeito com a linguagem e suas implicações na relação sujeito e Outro, que envolvem aspectos como desejo, amor e gozo. Assim, optou-se por nomear tal dinâmica relacional de relacionamento ab-usivo, entendendo que algo da ordem de uma satisfação inconsciente se atualiza nessas relações, e que neste sentido, toda relação comporta algo de ab-usivo. Considera-se fundamental que, diante de tal demanda, o analista tenha um olhar para a cena inconsciente do sujeito que se apresenta, e que a análise possibilite que algo do "um" se sustente, para que o sujeito sustente uma condição de menos assujeitamento ao seu modo de gozo.

This article aims to understand the aspects that involve the permanence and passivity of victims of abusive relationships based on psychoanalytic concepts. For this purpose, concepts from Freud and Lacan were used, articulating the subject's relationship with language and its implications in the subject's relationship with the Other, which involve aspects such as desire, love, and jouissance. Thus, it was decided to name such relational dynamics an ab-usive relationship, understanding that something of the order of an unconscious satisfaction is actualized in these relationships, and that, in this sense, every relationship involves something ab-usive. It is considered essential that, in the face of such a demand, the analyst has a look at the unconscious scene of the subject who presents himself and that the analysis allows something of the "one" to be sustained so that the subject sustains a condition of less subjection to your way of jouissance.

Cet article vise à comprendre les aspects qui impliquent la permanence et la passivité des victimes de relations abusives à partir de concepts psychanalytiques. À cette fin, nous avons utilisé des concepts de Freud et de Lacan qui articulent la relation du sujet avec le langage et ses implications dans la relation du sujet à l'Autre, qui impliquent des aspects tels que le désir, l'amour et la jouissance. Nous avons donc choisi de nommer cette dynamique relationnelle relation a-busive, considérant qu'une sorte de satisfaction inconsciente se produit dans ces relations, et qu'en ce sens, toute relation contient quelque chose d'a-busif. Il est considéré comme fondamental que, face à une telle demande, l'analyste ait un regard sur la scène inconsciente du sujet qui se présente, et que l'analyse permette de soutenir "l'un", afin que le sujet parvienne à une condition de moindre soumission à son mode de jouissance.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprender los aspectos que implican la permanencia y la pasividad de las víctimas de relaciones abusivas, usando como referencia los conceptos psicoanalíticos. Se utilizaron conceptos de Freud y Lacan, articulando la relación entre el sujeto y el lenguaje y sus implicaciones en la relación entre el sujeto y el Otro, que involucran aspectos tales como el deseo, el amor y el gozo. De esta forma, se decidió denominar a tal dinámica relacional como relación ab-usiva, entendiendo que algo del orden de una satisfacción inconsciente se actualiza en este tipo de relaciones, y que en ese sentido, toda relación implica algo ab-usivo. Se considera fundamental que, ante tal demanda, el analista tenga una mirada en la escena inconsciente del sujeto que se presenta, y que el análisis permita que algo del "uno" se sustente, para que el sujeto sustente una condición de menor sujeción a su modo de gozo.

Amor, sexualidade, fluidez e incerteza entre os jovens: Uma comparação entre homens e mulheres / Love, sexuality, fluidity and uncertainties among young people: A comparison between men and women / Amor, sexualidad, fluidez e incertidumbre entre jóvenes: una comparación entre hombres y mujeres

Resumo Este artigo avalia as relações afetivas/sexuais entre jovens, procurando identificar eventuais resquícios do chamado "amor romântico" a partir da comparação entre os gêneros. Entre outros, trabalhamos com valores, expectativas e comportamentos relacionados a temas diversos, tais como: amizade, casamento, família, desejo de ter filhos, reconhecimento profissional, perspectiva de permanência, estabilidade, machismo, individualismo, fluidez das relações, fidelidade. Para isso, utilizamos uma amostra de 1.282 respostas recebidas de alunos heterossexuais da Universidade de Brasília. Em geral, verificamos uma grande variação na opinião dos alunos. No entanto, ela não decorre da diferença entre gêneros: alunos e alunas apresentaram-se muito parecidos entre si.

Abstract This article evaluates the affective/sexual relations among young people, seeking to identify possible remnants of the so-called "romantic love", from the comparison between genders. Among other things, we work with values, expectations and behaviors related to several topics, such as: friendship, marriage, family, the desire to have children, professional recognition, perspective of permanence, stability, machismo, individualism, fluidity of relationships, fidelity. And for this matter, we analyzed a sample of 1,282 responses received from heterosexual students from the University of Brasília. In general, we found a wide dispersion in students´s opinions. However, it does not result from the difference between genders: male and female students presented themselves very similar to each other.

Resumen Este artículo evalúa las relaciones afectivas / sexuales entre jóvenes, buscando identificar posibles remanentes del llamado "amor romántico", a partir de la comparación entre géneros. Entre otros, trabajamos con valores, expectativas y comportamientos relacionados con diferentes temas, tales como: amistad, matrimonio, familia, deseo de tener hijos, reconocimiento profesional, perspectiva de permanencia, estabilidad, machismo, individualismo, fluidez de relaciones, lealtad, etc. Para esto, utilizamos una muestra de 1.282 respuestas recibidas de estudiantes heterosexuales de la Universidad de Brasilia. En general, encontramos una gran dispersión en la opinión de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, no resulta de la diferencia entre géneros: los estudiantes masculinos y femeninos se presentaron muy similares entre sí.

O amor pedagógico e o romance escolar: outras reflexões sobre a psicologia do colegial / Amor pedagógico y romance escolar: nuevas reflexiones sobre la psicología de la escuela secundaria / Pedagogical love and school romance: new reflections on high school psychology / Amour pédagogique et romance scolaire: nouvelles réflexions sur la psychologie du lycéen

O presente artigo aborda a questão da educação de jovens frente aos impasses relativos à transmissão no encontro entre gerações. Apontamos a necessidade de se considerar a relação transferencial que se estabelece entre professores e alunos como vetor necessário para a construção de uma certa relação com o saber, somente possível pelo amor que o professor dirige ao conhecimento e aos próprios alunos ­ o amor pedagógico. Seguindo nessa direção, propomos a construção de um Romance Escolar como saída possível ao fracasso do projeto educacional contemporâneo, uma vez que esse romance possibilita ao jovem uma construção ficcional de si e do mundo, permitindo-lhe conferir novos sentidos à vida, ao saber e à própria experiência escolar, na esteira do que lhe foi deixado como legado pela tradição transmitida pelas gerações que o precederam

Este artículo aborda el tema de la educación de los jóvenes ante los impasses relacionados con la transmisión en el encuentro entre generaciones. Señalamos la necesidad de considerar la relación transferencial que se establece entre docentes y alumnos como un vector necesario para la transmisión de una determinada relación con el saber, solo posible por el amor que el docente dirige al saber y a los propios alumnos ­ el amor pedagógico. Siguiendo en la misma dirección, proponemos la construcción de un Romance Escolar como una salida posible ante el fracaso del proyecto educativo contemporáneo, ya que permite a los jóvenes hacer una construcción ficcional de sí mismos y del mundo, lo que les permite dar nuevos significados a la vida, al saber ya la propia experiencia escolar, a raíz de lo que dejó como legado la tradición de las generaciones que la preceden

This article addresses the issue of youth education in view of the impasses related to transmission in the encounter between generations. We point out the need to consider the transferential relationship between teachers and students as a necessary vector for the transmission of a certain relationship with knowledge, only possible for the love that the teacher directs to knowledge and to the students themselves - pedagogical love. Following in the same direction, we propose the construction of a School Romance as a possible way out in the face of the failure of the contemporary educational project, since it enables young people to make a fictional construction of themselves and of the world, which allows them to give new meanings to life, to know and to the school experience itself, in the wake of what was left as a legacy by the tradition of the generations that precede them

Cet article aborde la question de l'éducation des jeunes au regard des impasses liées à la transmission dans la rencontre entre les générations. Nous soulignons la nécessité de considérer la relation transférentielle qui s'établit entre les enseignants et les élèves comme un vecteur nécessaire à la transmission d'un certain rapport au savoir, uniquement possible grâce à l'amour que l'enseignant porte au savoir et aux élèves eux-mêmes - pédagogique l'amour. Dans le même sens, nous proposons la construction d'un roman scolaire comme une issue possible face à l'échec du projet éducatif contemporain, car il permet aux jeunes de faire une construction fictive d'eux-mêmes et du monde, ce qui leur permet donner un nouveau sens à la vie, à savoir et à l'expérience scolaire elle-même, dans le sillage de ce qui a été laissé en héritage par la tradition des générations qui la précèdent

Percepções simbólicas e enfrentamentos de mães sobre aleitamento materno / Symbolic perceptions and facing mothers about breastfeeding / Percepciones simbólicas y frente a las madres sobre la lactancia materna

Objetivo: avaliar as percepções simbólicas sobre aleitamento materno de mães residentes em município paraibano. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 67 mães. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida via questionário virtual enviado por smartphones, por meio do Google Forms®, através da técnica de Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), durante os meses de dezembro de 2020 a abril de 2021. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados por meio do programa Microsoft Excel®, versão 97-2003, para Windows 8. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise temática de conteúdo, seguindo as etapas de pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP por meio do parecer 4.469.159, protocolo 302/2020 e CAAE 40194920.0.0000.5179. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres eram auto declarante pardas, evangélicas, com faixa etária entre 30 e 40 anos, graduadas, vivem com dois salários mínimos ou mais, possuem parceiro fixo, vivem com parceiro e filhos, tiveram seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal e tiveram parto em ambiente hospitalar via cesariana. Os discursos geraram as categorias: expressão de amor, vínculo, renúncia e sacrifício enquanto simbologias maternas frente ao aleitamento; as dimensões do nutrir: colo de mãe, crescimento e desenvolvimento enquanto percepções simbólicas; aleitamento materno e enfrentamentos frente à sexualidade: indiferença, redução da libido e zona proibida; conselhos para enfrentamentos direcionados às mães de primeira viagem: busca pelo conhecimento, rede de apoio e auto aceitação. Conclusão: esse estudo permitiu compreender as simbologias que estavam relacionadas a laço afetivo, expressão de amor, renúncia, vínculo, rede de apoio primária, secundária e sexualidade.

Objective: to evaluate the symbolic perceptions about breastfeeding of mothers residing in a municipality in Paraíba. Method: This is a descriptive, cross- sectional study with a qualitative approach, carried out with 67 mothers. The survey was carried out via a virtual questionnaire sent via smartphones, through Google Forms®, through the Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) technique, during the months of December 2020 to April 2021. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the Microsoft Excel® program, version 97-2003, for Windows 8. The data were analyzed using the thematic content analysis technique, following the steps of pre-analysis, material exploration and treatment of results The research was approved by CEP by through opinion 4,469,159, protocol 302/2020 and CAAE 40194920.0.0000.5179. Results: most women were self-declared brown, evangelical, aged between 30 and 40 years old, graduated, living with two minimum wages or more, having a steady partner, living with a partner and children, having had six or more prenatal consultations. birth and delivered in a hospital environment via cesarean section. The speeches generated the categories: expression of love, bond, renunciation and sacrifice as maternal symbologies in front of breastfeeding; the dimensions of nurturing: mother's lap, growth and development as symbolic perceptions; breastfeeding and coping with sexuality: indifference, reduced libido and forbidden zone; advice for coping aimed at first-time mothers: search for knowledge, support network and self-acceptance. Conclusion: this study allowed us to understand the symbologies that were related to the affective bond, expression of love, renunciation, bond, primary and secondary support network and sexuality.

Objetivo: evaluar las percepciones simbólicas sobre la lactancia materna de madres residentes en un municipio de Paraíba. Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con 67 madres. La encuesta se realizó a través de un cuestionario virtual enviado vía smartphones, por medio de Google Forms®, a través de la técnica Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), durante los meses de diciembre de 2020 a abril de 2021. Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados utilizando el programa Microsoft Excel®, versión 97-2003, para Windows 8. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido temático, siguiendo los pasos de pre-análisis, exploración de material y tratamiento de resultados La investigación fue aprobada por el CEP mediante dictamen 4.469.159, protocolo 302/2020 y CAAE 40194920.0.0000.5179. Resultados: la mayoría de las mujeres se autodeclaró morena, evangélica, con edad entre 30 y 40 años, graduada, viviendo con dos salarios mínimos o más, teniendo pareja estable, viviendo con pareja e hijos, habiendo tenido seis o más consultas prenatales. nacimiento y dado a luz en ambiente hospitalario por cesárea. Los discursos generaron las categorías: expresión de amor, vínculo, renuncia y sacrificio como simbologías maternas frente a la lactancia; las dimensiones de la crianza: regazo materno, crecimiento y desarrollo como percepciones simbólicas; lactancia y afrontamiento de la sexualidad: indiferencia, libido reducida y zona prohibida; consejos de afrontamiento dirigidos a madres primerizas: búsqueda de conocimiento, red de apoyo y autoaceptación. Conclusión: este estudio permitió comprender las simbologías relacionadas con el vínculo afectivo, la expresión del amor, la renuncia, el vínculo, la red de apoyo primaria y secundaria y la sexualidad.

Association between love breakup and suicidal ideation in Peruvian medical students: a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: We aimed to determine the association between a major romantic breakup and suicidal ideation in medical students from three universities in Peru. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the first pandemic wave in 2021 on medical students from three universities in northern Peru. The outcome was suicidal ideation, measured with question nine of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were also used to assess mental health symptoms. The exposure was the experience of a major love breakup during the pandemic. In addition, its association with other covariates (age, sex, family members infected with COVID-19, deceased family members with COVID-19, insomnia, and anxiety, among others) was examined. Results and discussions: Out of 370 students, 19.5% reported a major love breakup during the pandemic (95%CI: 15.5-23.8), and 34.3% had suicidal ideation (95%CI: 29.4-39.4). Having a major love breakup was associated with a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation (PR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.32-1.67, p < 0.001). Moderate insomnia (PR: 2.56, 95%CI: 1.70-3.87, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (PR: 1.94, 1.10-3.44, p = 0.023) were also associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence of a significant association between a major love breakup and suicidal ideation. This finding emphasizes the need for further research to better understand this association and inform the development of effective suicide prevention policies in medical education.

O sociopsicodrama online como instrumento de reflexão sobre relacionamentos amorosos contemporâneos / The online sociopsychodrama as a reflection instrument about contemporary loving relationships / El sociopsicodrama online como instrumento de reflexión sobre las relaciones de amor contemporáneas

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo explorar de que modo o sociopsicodrama, conduzido na modalidade online, pode contribuir para reflexões críticas a respeito das vivências afetivo-sexuais na contemporaneidade. Trata-se de relato de experiência, com a apresentação de um ato sociopsicodramático online com direção focada na protagonização. A discussão dos resultados foi feita a partir das categorias: reflexões sobre o amor na contemporaneidade, interlocuções entre o público e o privado e a direção socionômica online. Foi possível concluir que o sociopsicodrama é um instrumento capaz de contribuir para a reflexão crítica de seus/suas participantes a respeito das vivências afetivo-sexuais na contemporaneidade, pela ampliação do campo da intervenção, do individual para o social. A direção online se mostrou efetiva e inovadora.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to explore how sociopsychodrama, conducted online, can contribute to critical reflections about the affective-sexual experiences in contemporaneity. It is an experiment report, presenting an online sociopsychodrama act focusing on protagonization. The result discussion was done based on categories: reflections about love in contemporaneity, interlocutions between public and private and the online socionomic direction. It was possible to conclude that sociopsychodrama is an instrument which is able to contribute to the critical reflection of its participants about the affective-sexual experiences in contemporaneity, by the enlargement of the intervention field, from individual to social. The online direction proved to be effective and innovative.

RESUMEN El presente estudio objetivó explorar cómo el sociopsicodrama, realizado en línea, puede contribuir con reflexiones críticas sobre las experiencias afectivo-sexuales en esta época contemporánea. Se trata de un relato de experiencia, con la presentación de un acto sociopsicodramático en línea cuya dirección se centra en la protagonización. La discusión de los resultados se basó en las siguientes categorías: reflexiones sobre el amor en la contemporaneidad, interlocuciones entre lo público y lo privado y dirección socionómica en línea. Fue posible concluir que el sociopsicodrama se reveló un instrumento capaz de contribuir, con los participantes, para una reflexión crítica sobre las experiencias afectivo-sexuales en la contemporaneidad, por la ampliación del campo de intervención, de lo individual a lo social. La opción en línea demostró ser efectiva e innovadora.

El amor en Badiou: ontologia del vacío, la no relación sexual y la verdad / Love in Badiou: ontology of void, non-sexual relationship and truth / O amor em Badiou: ontologia do vazio, da não-sexualidade e da verdade

RESUMEN El objetivo del siguiente artículo de reflexion es ofrecer una lectura del concepto de amor en el pensamiento de Alain Badiou que medie y armonice el trasfondo abstracto y formal de su metaontología con sus conocidas intervenciones sobre este concepto dirigidas al gran público. Se llena con ello un vacío en la literatura que analiza esta region de su pensamiento. El artículo acomete esta tarea en tres momentos: primero se explica la conexión, que se asume que hay entre la teorïa del ser como multiplicidad y la teona lacaniana de la sexuación a fin de senalar la continuidad y limite entre las mismas. Tras ello, situamos el amor en las coordenadas de la teoría del acontecimiento, el sujeto y la verdad. Finalmente, interpretamos la propuesta de Badiou a la luz de algunos elementos que proceden de la teoría del amor de Platon y de lo que llamamos un comunismo de la diferencia o mínimo.

AВSTRAСT The aim of the current reflection article is to offer a reading of the concept of love in Alain Badiou's thought that mediates and harmonizes the abstract and formal background of his metaontology with his well-known interventions on this concept aimed at the general public. This fills a gap in the literature that analyzes this region of his thinking. The article undertakes this task in three moments: First the connection, which is assumed to exist, between the theory of being as multiplicity and the Lacanian theory of sexuation is explained in order to indicate the continuity and limit between them. After that, we place love in the coordinates of the theory of the event, the subject and the truth. Finally we interpret Badiou's proposal in the light of some elements that come from Plato's theory of love and what we call a communism of difference or minimum.

RESUMО O objetivo do artigo de reflexão a seguir é oferecer uma leitura do conceito de amor no pensamento de Alain Badiou que medeia e harmoniza o fundo abstrato e formal de sua metaontologia com suas conhecidas intervenções sobre este conceito dirigidas ao público em geral. Isto preenche uma lacuna na literatura que analisa esta região de seu pensamento. O artigo empreende esta tarefa em três etapas: primeiro, a suposta conexão entre a teoria do eu como multiplicidade e a teoria lacaniana da sexuação é explicada a fim de apontar a continuidade e os limites entre elas. Em seguida, situamos o amor nas coordenadas da teoria do evento, do assunto e da verdade. Finalmente, interpretamos a proposta de Badiou á luz de alguns elementos que provêm da teoria do amor de Platão e do que chamamos um comunismo de diferença ou minimalismo.