Career exploration and its influence on the relationship between self-efficacy and career choice: The moderating role of social support.

Career choice is a highly complex process. The growth in the number, nature, and overlap between occupations creates a more multifaceted career landscape, especially for young people. This study expands the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) by developing a model that includes additional factors influencing career choices, such as self-efficacy, career exploration, and social support. A convenient sampling method was applied, with 340 Vietnamese students responding to the questionnaire on Google Forms between August and October 2022. The results supported the research hypotheses, with environmental exploration emerging as the most decisive factor influencing career choice. The most exciting finding of this article is the negative impact of social support on the relationship between environmental exploration and career choice. Finally, the results underscore the significance of implementing career guidance and providing career experiences for university students at educational institutions.

Influence of Strategic Crisis Communication on Public Perceptions during Public Health Crises: Insights from YouTube Chinese Media.

Crisis communication plays a crucial role in preserving the national reputation during significant national crises. From the perspective of Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), this research paper analyzed over 1,790,816 YouTube comments from Chinese-speaking audiences, using sentiment analysis alongside the Difference-in-Differences (DiD) model, in order to investigate the influence of strategic crisis communication on public perceptions during public health crises. The study findings indicate that during this public health crisis, YouTube Chinese media, whose audience mainly consists of overseas Chinese-speaking users, primarily incorporated the enhancing strategies, succeeded by the diminish strategies, with limited application of deny strategies, while the use of rebuild strategies was virtually absent in this context. In addition, the research analysis confirms that Chinese media effectively increased the public's positive perceptions of crisis events through crisis communication. Particularly, enhancing strategies proved most effective in improving public perceptions, followed by diminish strategies. In contrast, deny strategies failed to influence public perceptions of the crisis, and rebuild strategies demonstrated a negative impact on public perception. Thus, the research findings of this paper extend essential insights for effectively managing potential public health crises in the future.

The generation mechanism underlying the career decision-making difficulties faced by undergraduates in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study based on SCCT theory.

As COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, the record number of graduates in China and pressure resulting from the economic downturn have led to low confidence in employment among college students, and the difficulties associated with career decision-making have gradually developed into a psychological barrier to the successful employment of Chinese college students. Using the "purposive sampling" approach to qualitative research, this study selected 20 undergraduates exhibiting delayed employment from a university as our research sample and used the career self-management model of social cognitive career theory (SCCT) as an analytical framework to conduct semistructured interviews with the aim of exploring influencing factors associated with and generation mechanism underlying the career decision-making difficulties experienced by Chinese undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the career self-management model of SCCT theory, the four variables of individual, parents, peers and social environment influence Chinese undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties. On this basis, this study proposes a multivariable and single-subject generation mechanism to explain undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties and tries to explicate the mental changes associated with the career decision-making difficulties encountered by undergraduates exhibiting delayed employment by reference to mind sponge theory.

Understanding group leader affect as a factor for career education programming.

The purpose of this study was to explore how group leader affect impacted facilitation of a career education program. Through a case study design, data were gathered via focus groups and blog posts from 16 program staff members. Five major themes were derived, highlighting group leader affect and experience: Emotions During Intervention, Flexibility, Student Engagement and Connections, Support from Program Staff, and School Culture. The findings encouraged career educators to remain flexible when delivering programming, to consider regular evaluations of affect throughout career programming, and to acknowledge the reciprocity of engagement, affect, and programmatic buy-in between facilitators and participants.

Le but de cette étude était d'explorer comment l'affect du leader de groupe influence l'impact d'un programme d'éducation au choix de carrière. Par le biais d'une étude de cas, les données ont été recueillies par des focus group et des post dans des blogs de 16 membres du personnel du programme. Cinq thèmes principaux ont été dégagés, mettant en évidence l'affect et l'expérience du leader de groupe: Les émotions pendant l'intervention, la flexibilité, l'engagement et les liens avec les étudiantes, le soutien du personnel du programme et la culture de l'école. Les résultats encouragent les professionnels à rester flexibles lors de la mise en œuvre des programmes, à envisager des évaluations régulières de l'affect tout au long des programmes de choix de carrière et à reconnaître la réciprocité de l'engagement, de l'affect et de l'adhésion au programme entre les intervenantes et les participantes.

El propósito de este estudio fue explorar cómo el afecto del líder grupal impactó en la impartición de un programa de educación vocacional. A través de un diseño de estudio de caso, se recopilaron datos a través de grupos focales y publicaciones en blog procedentes de 16 miembros del personal del programa. Se obtuvieron cinco temas principales, destacando el afecto y la experiencia del líder del grupo: emociones durante la intervención, flexibilidad, participación y relaciones de los estudiantes, apoyo del personal del programa y cultura escolar. Los hallazgos alentaron a los educadores vocacionales a permanecer flexibles al entregar la programación, a incluir evaluaciones periódicas del afecto a lo largo de la programación de la carrera y a reconocer la reciprocidad del compromiso, el afecto y la aceptación mutua del programa entre los facilitadores y los participantes.

A public health crisis in the university: Impact of crisis response strategies on universities' transparency and post-crisis relationships during COVID 19 pandemic.

During the COVID 19 pandemic, one of the most critical tasks of the university was to effectively communicate with students, faculty, and staff members. This study aims to explore perceived universities' crisis response messages during the pandemic and examine the effectiveness of each response strategy on public relations outcomes. A survey with 346 university students in the U.S., results showed how defensive and accommodative response strategies differently affected PR outcomes. Accommodative strategies generated higher OPR and greater perceived transparency efforts among students, while several defensive strategies affected students' negative evaluations on post-crisis OPR and perceived transparency of their universities. Such results revealed valuable insights that make significant contributions to theory and practices in university crisis communication and management, especially when dealing with public health crises that are seen as external locus of control.

The effects of cognitive information processing and social cognitive career group counseling on high school students' career adaptability.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive information processing (CIP) and social cognitive career theory (SCCT) group counseling on high school students' career adaptability. The study involved 81 students from grade 10 and grade 11 in a Chinese public high school. Among the 81 participants, 27 were in the CIP group, 28 were in the SCCT group, while the rest were in the control group. All participants completed a pre-test, post-test, and tracking-test assessment of their career adaptability. Results indicated that the interventions were effective for the students with low career adaptability, the CIP group counseling improved the career concern after the intervention, whereas the SCCT group revealed a more robust effect on career adaptability after 3 months of the intervention. The practical implications of the study for career interventions are also discussed.

Highlights of the 16th annual scientific meeting of the society of cardiovascular computed tomography.

The 16th Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT) annual scientific meeting welcomed 781 digital attendees from 55 countries. The program included 27 sessions across three simultaneously streaming channels, 11 exhibitors, 153 poster presentations, and 32 â€‹hours of on demand videos. The main themes of the meeting included coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, structural heart disease, and advanced analytics including machine learning. This article summaries the main themes of the meeting and some of the key presentations, which will shape the future of cardiovascular computed tomography in clinical practice.

Development and Validation of a Short Form of the College-Going Self-Efficacy Scale.

Social Cognitive Career Theory (Lent et al., 1994) is a useful framework for understanding educational attainment and reducing educational inequities. A key construct for middle and high school students is college-going self-efficacy. The College-Going Self-Efficacy Scale (CGSES; Gibbons & Borders, 2010a) has been used to measure secondary students' confidence in their abilities to attend and persist in post-secondary education, but with 30-items, it may be too lengthy for use with other measures in SCCT-grounded research in school settings. Using two independent samples of rural Appalachian high school students, we develop and validate the College-Going Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (CGSES-SF). This 14-item measure retains the full breadth of content from the original CGSES, demonstrates measurement equivalence across gender and prospective college generation status, and demonstrates good reliability and validity in these samples. Suggestions for future use of the CGSES-SF are provided.

Repairing Charity Trust in Times of Accidental Crisis: The Role of Crisis History and Crisis Response Strategy.

PURPOSE: Since it is practically significant to explore how to repair the public's trust in charities during accidental crisis, this study explored the crisis response strategies that charitable organizations with and without crisis histories could adopt when facing a current accidental crisis. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Study 1 (N = 177) used a 2 × 2 between-subjects design to examine the effects of crisis history (no crisis history vs. crisis history) and crisis response strategies (diminish vs. rebuild) on charity trust repair during an accidental crisis. Study 2 adopting a 3 × 2 between-subjects design examined the effects of crisis history (victim crisis history vs. accidental crisis history vs. preventable crisis history) and crisis response strategies (diminish vs. rebuild) on charity trust repair during an accidental crisis. RESULTS: The results of Study 1 showed that the diminish strategy adopted by charities in an accidental crisis can enhance public trust. However, if the charity has a crisis history, the rebuild strategy will enhance public trust. The results of Study 2 showed that, under the victim crisis history condition, participants' charity trust was borderline significantly higher than their pre-test charity trust when the diminish strategy was used. However, rebuild strategies did not significantly increase trust. Under the accidental crisis history condition, diminish strategies improved trust after the accidental crisis, while rebuild strategies did not. Under the preventable crisis history condition, diminish strategies did not improve trust after an accidental crisis, while rebuild strategies did. CONCLUSION: Charities should adopt a diminish strategy when experiencing their first accidental crisis. Charities with a victim or accidental crisis history should adopt a diminish strategy when facing a current accidental crisis. However, if a charity has a preventable crisis history, rebuild strategies are the most appropriate response to a current accidental crisis.

Assessing Postsecondary Barriers for Rural Appalachian High School Students.

Social cognitive career theory indicates that perceived barriers negatively affect career and educational self-efficacy beliefs and may also impact interests, goals, and actions. However, measurement of barriers has produced mixed results, and few quantitative studies explore the perceived barriers of rural Appalachian students. In this series of studies, we explored the perceived educational and career barriers of rural Appalachian high school students. Our goal was to identify perceived barriers, but as initial results were analyzed, we then shifted to how best to measure barriers and how culture impacted the reporting of barriers by rural Appalachian students. The results of our mixed-method series of studies offer ideas on how cultural values and beliefs may skew reporting of contextual influences on career and education.

Computer Modelling of Wrist Biomechanics: Translation into Specific Tasks and Injuries.

BACKGROUND: The carpus is a complicated and functionally challenged mechanical system, advancements in the understanding of which have been compromised by the recognition that there is no standard carpal mechanical system and no typical wrist. This paper covers components of a larger project that seeks to develop a kinetic model of wrist mechanics to allow reverse analysis of the specific biomechanical controls or rules of a specific patient's carpus. Those rules, unique to each patient, could be used to create a forward synthesis mathematical model to reproduce the individual's anatomical motion in a virtual environment. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Based on the previous observations, the carpus essentially moves with only two degrees of freedom-pitch (flexion/extension) and yaw (radial deviation/ulnar deviation)-while largely preventing roll (pronation/supination). The objective of this paper is, therefore, to present the background and justification to support the rules-based motion (RBM) concept, which states that the motion of a mechanical system, such as the wrist, is the net interplay of four rules: morphology, constraint, interaction, and load. The stable central column theory (SCCT) of wrist mechanics applies the concept of RBM to the carpus, and by using a reverse engineering computational analysis model, a consistent pattern of isometric constraints was identified, creating a "two-gear four-bar" linkage. This study assessed the motion of the carpus using a 3D (three-dimensional) dynamic visualization model. The hypothesis was that the pattern and direction of motion of the proximal row and the distal row with respect to the immediately cephalad carpal bones or radius would be similar in all directions of wrist motion. To identify the unique motion segments, 3D models were created from five normal wrists that underwent CT scanning in multiple positions of radial and ulnar deviation as well as flexion and extension. Each carpal row (proximal and distal) was animated in a virtual environment with the cephalad carpal bones or radius held immobile. The rotational axis and position of each bone and each row were then compared in sagittal (flexion-extension) and coronal (radial and ulnar deviation) motion. RESULTS: The carpus appeared to have only two degrees of freedom, and yet was stable in those arcs with the loads applied proximally in the forearm. The proximal row moved in a singular arc, but with a varying extent during sagittal and coronal motion. The isometric constraints were consistent in both directions. The distal row moved on an axis formed by a pivot joint laterally (between the trapezium and scaphoid) and a saddle joint medially (between hamate and triquetrum). The sagittal and coronal alignment of this axis changed as the proximal row moved. This created a distinct pattern of row motion to achieve the various required positions of wrist function. On wrist radial deviation, the scaphoid (with the proximal row) was flexed and the distal row was extended, whereas, in wrist flexion, the scaphoid flexed (with the proximal row) and so did the distal row. The pattern was reversed in the opposite wrist movements. While the general direction of motion of each row was consistent, the extent was quite variable. CONCLUSION: This review supports the SCCT of carpal mechanics and the carpus acting as a twogear four-bar linkage, as well as the concept of RBM as a means to understand the biomechanics of the wrist, and how this is translated into specific functional tasks. More sophisticated 3D modelling will be required to further understand the specifics of carpal motion; however, reverse engineering of the specific rules that define each individual wrist can also be applied to a mathematical model to provide a "what if" test of particular surgical interventions for a variety of wrist injuries. The use of quantitative 3D Computed Tomography Scan (CT) analysis, surgical planning and virtual surgical intervention allows potential surgical solutions to be applied to a computer model of an injured wrist to test the possible outcomes and prognosis of a proposed treatment.

Rural Appalachian High School Students' College-Going and STEMM Perceptions.

The authors examined perceptions of key social cognitive career theory (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) variables related to college-going and science, technology, engineering, math, and medical (STEMM) careers in 10th and 11th graders (N = 892) attending 3 rural Appalachian high schools. The authors examined differences in perceptions related to gender, prospective 1st-generation college student status, and the presence or absence of aspirations to pursue a STEMM career. Young women and young men scored similarly on all but 1 dependent variable, college-going self-efficacy (young women scored higher). Students who had STEMM career aspirations had higher scores on every measure than those who did not. Results suggest examining a 3rd prospective 1st-generation college student status group-students who are unsure of their parents' education level-as a distinct group in future research. By examining the college-going and STEMM attitudes of rural Appalachian high school students, this study advances the literature and informs practitioners on reducing educational and vocational inequalities in this region.

Assessment of Scientific Communication Self-Efficacy, Interest, and Outcome Expectations for Career Development in Academic Medicine.

Competency in forms of scientific communication, both written and spoken, is essential for success in academic science. This study examined the psychometric properties of three new measures, based on social cognitive career theory, that are relevant to assessment of skill and perseverance in scientific communication. Pre- and postdoctoral trainees in biomedical science (N = 411) completed online questionnaires assessing self-efficacy in scientific communication, career outcome expectations, and interest in performing tasks in scientific writing, oral presentation, and impromptu scientific discourse. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate factor structures and model relations. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 22-item, 3-factor measure of self-efficacy, an 11-item, 2-factor measure of outcome expectations, and a 12-item, 3-factor measure of interest in scientific communication activities. Construct validity was further demonstrated by theory-consistent inter-factor relations and relations with typical communications performance behaviors (e.g., writing manuscripts, abstracts, presenting at national meetings).

Effect of statin treatment on coronary plaque progression - a serial coronary CT angiography study.

OBJECTIVES: Statins have been shown to reduce plaque progression using data on intravascular ultrasound, carotid intima-media thickness and coronary artery calcium scans. However, there is little data on effects of statins on plaque progression using Coronary CTA. The objective is to evaluate the effect of statin therapy on plaque progression using serial Coronary CTA (CCTA). METHODS: The study included 100 consecutive patients who underwent serial Coronary CTA (mean follow up: 406 ± 92 days) for evaluation of CAD without known prior heart disease or revascularization. We performed volumetric assessment of low attenuation plaque (LAP < 30 Hounsfield units), non-calcified (NCP) and calcified plaque volumes at baseline and follow up scans for vessels >2 mm in diameter. Patients who received statins were compared to those that did not. RESULTS: Total plaque progression was significantly reduced among statin user compared to non-statin users (-33.3 mm(3) ± 90.5 vs. 31.0 mm(3) ± 84.5, p = 0.0006). Statin users had significantly reduced progression of NCP volume (-47.7 mm(3) ± 71.9 vs. 13.8 mm(3) ± 76.6, p < 0.001) and significantly reduced progression of LAP volume (-12.2 mm(3) ± 19.2 vs. 5.9 mm(3) ± 23.1, p < 0.0001). When we compared for remodeling index, no statistical difference was found between the two groups (p = 0.25) and a non-significant trend toward calcium progression (29.3 mm(3) ± 67.9 vs. 10.0 mm(3) ± 53.2, p = 0.133). After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, mean plaque volume difference between statin and non-statin users was statistically significant for both LAP and NCP volumes (-18.1, 95% CI: -26.4, -9.8 for LAP; -101.7, 95% CI: -162.1, -41.4 for NCP; p < 0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION: Statin therapy resulted in significantly lower progression of LAP and NCP plaques compared to non-statin users.