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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550578

ABSTRACT

La tormenta tiroidea es un estado crítico y poco frecuente que condiciona la disfunción de múltiples órganos por el efecto del exceso de las hormonas tiroideas, esta disfunción endócrina tiene una elevada mortalidad y genera manifestaciones típicas como la taquicardia, fiebre, alteraciones gastrointestinales, cardiovasculares y del sistema nervioso central. El embarazo se ha asociado con un incremento en la incidencia de arritmias. Necesitan un tratamiento inmediato con drogas antiarrítmicas, cardioversión eléctrica o cesárea de urgencia. El WPW es una anormalidad cardiaca congénita que consiste en la presencia de un haz anómalo (Haz de Kent) que evita el sistema normal de conducción uniendo directamente aurículas y ventrículos. Veremos el caso de una gestante de 32 semanas que presenta un cuadro de tormenta tiroidea y múltiples episodios de taquicardia paroxística supraventricular (TPS), de tórpida y sombría evolución clínica mediada por un haz anómalo de Kent intermitente. Es evidente que la tormenta tiroidea en el contexto de la gestación produjo cambios en las propiedades electrofisiológicas del haz anómalo de Kent intermitente lo cual propició el desarrollo de múltiples taquicardias paroxísticas supraventriculares refractarias a la cardioversión eléctrica y farmacológica. Tampoco mejoró con la tiroidectomía total, solamente cedió por completo con la ablación por catéter de radiofrecuencia del haz anómalo de Kent.


Thyroid storm is a critical and infrequent state that conditions the dysfunction of multiple organs due to the effect of excess thyroid hormones. This endocrine dysfunction has a high mortality and generates typical manifestations such as tachycardia, fever, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and heart disorders, and the central nervous system. Pregnancy has been associated with an increased incidence of arrhythmias. They need immediate treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs, electrical cardioversion, or emergency caesarean section. WPW is a congenital cardiac abnormality that consists of the presence of an abnormal bundle (Kent bundle) that prevents the normal conduction system, directly joining the atria and ventricles. We will see the case of a 32-week pregnant woman who presented symptoms of thyroid storm and multiple episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PST), with a torpid clinical course mediated by an abnormal intermittent Kent bundle. It is evident that the thyroid storm in the context of pregnancy produced changes in the electrophysiological properties of the intermittent Kent bundle, which led to the development of multiple PST refractory to electrical and pharmacological cardioversion. Moreover, it also did not improve with total thyroidectomy, only resolved completely with radiofrequency catheter ablation of the Kent bundle.

2.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 33(1)abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408266

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La tormenta tirotóxica se produce por la liberación repentina y rápida de hormonas tiroideas al torrente sanguíneo. Constituye la complicación más peligrosa de la tirotoxicosis. Objetivo: Describir los principales elementos de interés acerca del diagnóstico y del tratamiento de la tormenta tirotóxica. Métodos: Se utilizaron como motores de búsqueda los correspondientes a las bases de datos Google Académico, Pubmed y SciELO. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron: tormenta tirotóxica, tormenta tiroidea, tirotoxicosis, hipertiroidismo, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se evaluaron y se incluyeron los trabajos de revisión, de investigación y las páginas web que tuvieran menos de 10 años de publicados y que por el título trataban el tema de estudio. Fueron excluidos los artículos que no estuvieran en idioma español, portugués o inglés. En total 34 artículos fueran referenciados. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico es eminentemente clínico y se realiza por la detección de factores desencadenantes. Se suma la exacerbación del cuadro clínico de tirotoxicosis previamente existente, el cual afecta a varios sistemas del organismo como consecuencia del aumento de las hormonas tiroideas circulantes. Lo ideal es prevenir la tormenta tirotóxica, aunque ya establecido el tratamiento no se debe retrasar la terapia de la causa desencadenante y de la causa específica. Deberá estar encaminada a reducir la síntesis y la secreción de las hormonas tiroideas y a minimizar las acciones periféricas de estas. Deberán emplearse diferentes fármacos y otras medidas terapéuticas para tratar las complicaciones sistémicas para complementar el tratamiento(AU)


Introduction: Thyrotoxic storm is caused by the sudden and rapid release of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. It is the most dangerous complication of thyrotoxicosis. Objective: Describe some elements of interest about the diagnosis and treatment of thyrotoxic storm. Methods: Search engines corresponding to Google Scholar, Pubmed and SciELO databases were used. The keywords used were: thyrotoxic storm; thyroid storm; thyrotoxicosis; hyperthyroidism; diagnosis and treatment. The review papers, research papers and web pages, which in general, had less than 10 years of publication and that by the title dealt with the subject of study were evaluated and included. Articles that were not in Spanish, Portuguese or English were excluded. A total of 34 articles were referenced. Conclusions: The diagnosis is eminently clinical and is made by the detection of triggers, to which is added the exacerbation of the clinical picture of thyrotoxicosis previously existing, which affects several systems of the body as a result of the circulating thyroid hormones increase. The ideal is to prevent the thyrotoxic storm; although if the treatment is already established, the therapy of the triggering cause and the specific cause should not be delayed. It should be aimed at reducing the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones and minimizing their peripheral actions. Different drugs and other therapeutic measures should be used to treat systemic complications to complement treatment(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Thyrotoxicosis/complications , Thyroid Crisis/diagnosis , Thyroid Crisis/therapy , Precipitating Factors , Databases, Bibliographic , Search Engine
3.
Case reports (Universidad Nacional de Colombia. En línea) ; 7(2): 77-83, jul.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374889

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition caused by an elevated release of T3 and T4. Its incidence is 0.20/100 000 inhabitants, with reported mortality rates of up to 30%. Due to its refractory nature, few therapeutic options are available, but plasma exchange is considered a potentially useful strategy for its treatment. Case presentation: A 17-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary care institution due to the onset of symptoms approximately 25 days before consultation, consisting of palpitations, dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, chest and abdominal pain, asthenia, adynamia, dizziness, headache, and liquid stools. In addition, the patient had a history of hyperthyroidism treated on an outpatient basis. Thyroid storm was diagnosed considering the symptoms and a score of 65 on the Burch-Wartofsky scale. As a result, the patient was admitted to the hospital, and pharmacological management was initiated, although no improvement was achieved. On the third day of hospitalization, her condition deteriorated and she had a seizure, which led to consider a refractory thyroid storm. This condition was satisfactorily treated with plasma exchange as a bridge therapy prior to emergency thyroidectomy. Conclusion: Plasma exchange therapy allows a rapid removal of thyroid hormones. Although its implementation is not widely disseminated in clinical practice guidelines, there is evidence of a decrease in the risk of perioperative complications and a successful evolution after its use as a bridge therapy before performing thyroidectomy in patients with refractory thyroid storm.


RESUMEN Introducción. La tormenta tiroidea es una afectación orgánica severa que se produce por la liberación de triyodotironina (T3) y tiroxina (T4). Su incidencia es de 0.20 casos por cada 100 000 habitantes y puede conllevar a una mortalidad de hasta el 30%. Esta es una entidad refractaria para la cual existen pocas opciones terapéuticas, siendo la terapia de intercambio plasmático una estrategia potencialmente útil para su manejo. Presentación del caso. Paciente femenina de 17 años quien ingresó al servicio de urgencias de una institución de tercer nivel de atención por un cuadro clínico de aproximadamente 25 días de evolución consistente en palpitaciones, disnea en reposo, ortopnea, dolor torácico y abdominal, astenia, adinamia, mareo, cefalea y deposiciones líquidas; como antecedentes presentaba hipertiroidismo en manejo ambulatorio. Dada la sintomatología y gracias a que se obtuvo un puntaje de 65 en la escala de Burch-Wartofsky, se diagnosticó tormenta tiroidea, se dio orden de hospitalización y se inició manejo farmacológico, con el cual no se logró una mejoría. Al tercer día de hospitalización la joven presentó deterioro clínico continuo y un episodio convulsivo, por lo que se consideró tormenta tiroidea refractaria que fue tratada satisfactoriamente con terapia de intercambio plasmático como terapia puente previo a tiroidectomía total de urgencia. Conclusión. La terapia de intercambio plasmático permite una rápida remoción de las hormonas tiroideas y, aunque su implementación no es ampliamente difundida por las guías de práctica clínica, existe evidencia que demuestra una disminución en el riesgo de complicaciones perioperatorias y una evolución exitosa tras su uso como terapia puente previo a tiroidectomía en pacientes con tormenta tiroidea refractaria.

4.
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med ; 7(10): 001754, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33083353

ABSTRACT

Thyroid storm is a rare, life-threatening condition that can be caused by various pathologies including serious conditions associated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-producing tumours. We present the case of a 17-year-old male patient with a 1-month history of dyspnoea and a 3-day history of palpitations and fever. General examination revealed a left testicular mass. Blood tests revealed ß-hCG >225,000 mIU/ml, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.02 IU/ml, and thyroxine (T4) 19.07 µg/dl. He was admitted with thyroid storm. Treatment with antithyroid drugs and chemotherapy was started, but the patient died on the third day of admission. This case highlights a rare occurrence of thyroid storm linked to testicular choriocarcinoma, and provides a necessary reminder that, in some instances, hCG at very high levels can exert a thyrotropic effect due to its molecular structure, which is similar to that of TSH. LEARNING POINTS: Thyroid storm is rarely associated with testicular choriocarcinoma.Sometimes, human chorionic gonadotropin at very high levels can exert a thyrotropic effect due to its molecular structure, which is similar to that of thyroid-stimulating hormone.The clinical course and management of thyroid storm secondary to testicular choriocarcinoma in a young male is described.

5.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; Ginecol. obstet. Méx;87(8): 555-562, ene. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286659

ABSTRACT

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La tormenta tiroidea es una complicación rara del hipertiroidismo, con riesgo 10 veces mayor de aparecer durante el embarazo. El término "tormenta" describe la intensidad de la manifestación clínica y la significativa concentración de tiroxina (T4) y tri-yodotironina (T3). CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 25 años, con embarazo de 29 semanas, control prenatal deficiente, enviada al Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Lima, Perú, por taquicardia fetal. A la exploración clínica se encontró: frecuencia cardiaca de 161 latidos por minuto, frecuencia cardiaca fetal de 178; piel caliente, exoftalmos bilateral, uñas de Plumer, bocio difuso 3N bilateral, ingurgitación yugular bilateral, estertores crepitantes bilaterales de predominio en ambas bases y edema en los miembros inferiores. De acuerdo con los criterios de Burch y Wartofsky, se estimó un puntaje de 60 para establecer el diagnóstico de tormenta tiroidea. Se indicaron fármacos antitiroideos, betabloqueadores y medidas de soporte. La paciente tuvo amenaza de parto pretérmino y taquicardia fetal persistente, por lo que se programó para cesárea de urgencia. La evolución para la madre y su hijo fue satisfactoria. CONCLUSIONES: El tamizaje para hipertiroidismo en pacientes embarazadas con antecedentes personales y síntomas relacionados es la mejor medida de prevención de la tormenta tiroidea. La sospecha de tormenta tiroidea debe tratarse de manera inmediata, por un equipo multidisciplinario. El bienestar fetal debe evaluarse continuamente y estimar el tiempo de finalización del embarazo, además de considerar si existen indicaciones poco satisfactorias en cuanto al tratamiento indicado.


Abstract BACKGROUND: Thyroid storm is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism, with 10 times greater risk of developing during pregnancy. The term "storm" describes the intensity of the clinical manifestation and the significant concentration of thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3). CLINICAL CASE: Woman of 25 years with a gestational age of 29 weeks with poor prenatal control, referred to our institution due to fetal tachycardia. Clinically, he had a heart rate of up to 161 per minute, a fetal heart rate of 178, hot skin, bilateral exophthalmos, Plumer's nails, bilateral 3N diffuse goiter, bilateral jugular vein enlargement, bilateral lung crepitations with predominance of bases, lower limb edema. He presented a score of 60 on the Burch and Wartofsky criteria for thyroid storm. Antithyroid drugs, beta blockers and support measures were established. Patient developed a threat of preterm delivery and persistent fetal tachycardia, so an emergency caesarean section was indicated. CONCLUSIONS: Screening for hyperthyroidism in pregnant women with a personal history and symptoms is the best measure of thyroid storm prevention. The suspicion of thyroid storm should be treated immediately by a multidisciplinary team. Fetal well-being should be evaluated continuously and determine the end of pregnancy if there are fetal indications or the mother does not respond to the treatment established.

6.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 54(6)2018 Nov 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30486325

ABSTRACT

Thyrotoxicosis and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) both may present as endocrine emergencies and may have devastating consequences if not diagnosed and managed promptly and effectively. The combination of diabetes mellitus (DM) with thyrotoxicosis is well known, and one condition usually precedes the other. Furthermore, thyrotoxicosis is complicated by some degree of cardiomyopathy in at least 5% de patients; but the coexistence of DKA, thyroxin (T4) toxicosis, and acute cardiomyopathy is extremely rare. We describe a case of a man, previously diagnosed with DM but with no past history of thyroid disease, who presented with shock and severe DKA that did not improve despite optimal therapy. The patient evolved with acute pulmonary edema, elevated troponin levels, severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and clinical and laboratory evidence of thyroxin (T4) toxicosis and thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy. Subsequently, the patient evolved favorably with general support and appropriate therapy for DKA and thyrotoxicosis (hydrocortisone, methimazole, Lugol's solution) and was discharged a few days later.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathies/complications , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/complications , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis , Thyrotoxicosis/complications , Thyrotoxicosis/diagnosis , Adult , Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Heart Failure, Systolic/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use , Iodides/therapeutic use , Male , Methimazole/therapeutic use , Pulmonary Edema/diagnostic imaging , Radiography , Thyrotoxicosis/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Troponin/blood
7.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 60(4): 27-36, jul.-ago. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957127

ABSTRACT

Resumen La tormenta tiroidea es un estado crítico y poco frecuente que condiciona la disfunción de multiples órganos por el efecto del exceso de las hormonas tiroideas, esta disfunción endocrina tiene una elevada mortalidad y genera manifestaciones típicas como la taquicardia, fiebre, alteraciones gastrointestinales, cardiovasculares y del sistema nervioso central. El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico y puede apoyarse por la escala de Burch y Wartofsky. Las concentraciones séricas de las hormonas tiroideas no tienen correlación con la severidad de los síntomas, pero su medición es útil para confirmarei diagnóstico. Otras pruebas que pueden ayudar a complementar el diagnóstico son: el ultrasonido de tiroides, la obtención de marcadores cardiacos y la valoración de la función hepática y renal. Usualmente se identifica algún factor que desencadena la exacerbación de la tirotoxicosis, aunque en casos excepcionales, la tormenta tiroidea también puede ser la manifestación inicial de alguna patología de tiroides. Las estrategias terapéuticas están encaminadas a inhibir la síntesis y la liberación de hormonas tiroideas, así como a reducir la concentración y los efectos periféricos de éstas, sin olvidar el tratamiento del factor desencadenante.


Abstract The thyroid storm is a critical and rare disease, which conditions the dysfunction of multiple organs due to the excessive effect of thyroid hormones. This endocrine dysfunction has a high mortality and generates typical manifestations such as tachycardia, fever, gastrointestinal alterations, and cardiovascular and neurological disorders. The diagnosis is primarily clinical andean be supported by the scale of "Burch and Wartofsky". Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones are not correlated with the severity of the symptoms, but their assessment is useful to confirm the diagnosis. Other tests that may help complement the diagnosis are thyroid ultrasound, cardiac markers, and assessment of liver and kidney function. It is usually possible to identify a triggering factor, although in exceptional cases, the thyroid storm may also be the initial manifestation of some thyroid pathology. Therapeutic strategies are aimed at inhibiting the synthesis and the release of thyroid hormones as well as reducing their concentration and peripheral effects, without forgetting the treatment of the triggering factor.

8.
Rev. peru. ginecol. obstet. (En línea) ; 62(4): 427-432, oct. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-991523

ABSTRACT

Endocrine emergencies such as thyroid storm and diabetic ketoacidosis should be considered life-threatening disease processes in the obstetric population. Diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion with prompt initiation of treatment, supportive care and intervention. A multidisciplinary team of specialists, including maternal fetal medicine, endocrinology, medical intensivist, neonatologists and anesthesiology should be assembled to achieve the best out-comes for mother and baby.


Las emergencias endocrinas, tales como la tormenta tiroidea y la cetoacidosis diabética, deben ser consideradas como procesos mórbidos que ponen en riesgo la vida de la población obstétrica. El diagnóstico requiere gran sospecha clínica e inicio inmediato del tratamiento, soporte clínico e intervención. Se debe organizar un equipo multidisciplinario de especialistas que incluyan la medicina maternofetal, endocrinología, intensivista médico, neonatólogos y anestesiólogos, de manera de lograr el mejor resultado para la madre y el bebe.

9.
Acta méd. costarric ; 58(1): 41-43, ene.-mar. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-778052

ABSTRACT

Considerada como la forma de presentación más severa del hipertiroidismo, la tormenta tiroidea es una condición clínica en la cual el estado severo de tirotoxicosis puede tener repercusiones hemodinámicas importantes que pueden poner en peligro la vida de los pacientes. Se reporta un caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 41 años conocido portador de enfermedad de Graves con tratamiento irregular el cual ingresa al servicio de emergencias con un cuadro de dolor torácico atípico, evidenciándose una arritmia cardiaca por fibrilación atrial y al examen físico con exoftalmos bilateral, franca atrofia muscular y presencia de bocio grado II. El cuadro clínico evoluciona de forma tórpida a una insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva y posteriormente a uso de vasopresores e intubación endotraqueal. Dada la necesidad de disminuir rápidamente la fracción libre de la hormona tiroidea, asociando mediacamentos antitiroideos se decide iniciar terapia con plasmaseparación.


Considered as the most severe form of hyperthyroidism, thyroid storm is a clinical condition in which the severe state of thyrotoxicosis can lead to important hemodynamic repercussions that can be life threatening. We report a case of a 41-year-old male patient known to have Graves Disease with an irregular medical control that presents to the emergency department complaining of atypical chest pain, associating the presence of cardiac arrhythmia due to atrial fibrillation, with evident bilateral exophthalmos, severe muscular atrophy and a grade II goiter. His condition worsens to a severe heart failure and afterwards to use of vasopressors and endotracheal intubation. Given the need to reduce rapidly the free fraction of the thyroid hormones, in association with antithyroid medications, the decision was to start therapy with plasma separation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Graves Disease , Hyperthyroidism , Thyroid Crisis , Thyrotoxicosis
10.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 9(4): 130-133, 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1291718

ABSTRACT

Thyroid storm is a rare and potentially fatal disease characterized by severe clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves's disease (GD) and infections are the most important precipitating factor. A woman of 33 years with history of hyperthyroidism, hypertension and morbid obesity. She was treated with propylthiouracil for one year, and then suspended controls and treatment 2 years ago. Consult for 2 weeks characterized by dyspnea, cough and expectoration, plus an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure. In postictal state, persists with dyspnea and chest pain, which is brought to the emergency room. It is hypotensive, with fever and tachycardia, SatO2 60% on room air. It is intubated and connected to invasive mechanical ventilation. It evolves with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, requiring cardioversion twice, recovering sinus rhythm. Imaging studies reported bilateral lung disease. CT scan brain and lumbar punture are normal. As is treated as septic shock lung focus. Among its tests: TSH 0.01 mIU/L, T4 T 23.9 ug/dL, T4L 4.77 ng/dL, T3 5.38 ng/ml, with Wartofsky Score: 90. It is managed as TS, treatment is initiated with methimazole, Propranolol, Hydrocortisone. Thyroid ultrasound shows: Goiter with cold nodules. In addition has positive TRAb. She recovers both of system cardiovascular and their respiratory infection. The patient is prepared with amiodarone and lugol for total thyroidectomy. Concordant biopsy with GD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Thyroid Crisis/diagnosis , Thyroid Crisis/etiology , Thyroid Crisis/therapy , Graves Disease/complications , Thyrotoxicosis
11.
Rev. venez. endocrinol. metab ; 2(2): 10-13, jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-631307

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentación de un caso clínico de coexistencia de tirotoxicosis y cetoacidosis diabética en infancia Métodos: Además de la historia clínica, se realizaron estudios para evaluar su condición endocrino-metabólica: niveles séricos de hormonas tiroideas, hematología, electrolitos y gases arteriales, captación de 131I y gammagrafía tiroidea. Resultados: Escolar femenina de 10 años de edad, ingresó en malas condiciones generales, taquipneica, deshidratada con historia de pérdida de 10 Kg. en el último mes. Antecedente de hipertiroidismo desde los 5 años de edad, razón por la cual recibe metimazol en forma irregular desde hace dos años. En el examen clínico se constató deshidratación y síntomas/ signos sugestivos de tirotoxicosis. El análisis de laboratorio reportó niveles séricos de T3L y T4L anormalmente elevados, hiperglucemia en ayunas (712 mg/dL); cetonuria (++++) e hipokalemia. Con los hallazgos clínicos y bioquímicos se hizo el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Graves, tormenta tiroidea, diabetes mellitus-1 complicada con cetoacidosis diabética. Se corrigió el desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico y se inició insulinoterapia horaria, además de corticoesteroides y antagonistas b-adrenérgicos. Corregida la cetoacidosis y normalizada la función tiroidea, se administraron 11mCi de yodo radioactivo. La paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente y fue dada de alta para control ambulatorio. Conclusiones: En el presente caso se reporta la rara coexistencia de dos entidades clínicas de etiología autoinmune en la infancia y se hace revisión de la literatura.


Objective: To present a clinical report of the coexistence of tirotoxicosis and diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood. Methods: Besides the clinical history, different studies were performed in order to evaluate her endocrine and metabolic conditions: thyroid hormone serum levels, hemathology, serum electrolites and arterial blood gases. Thyroid gammagraphy and radioiodine uptake of the thyroid gland were performed. Results: A 10-year-old school-girl, admitted in poor general conditions, with a weight loss of 10 kg in the last month. With a previous history of hyperthyroidism since she was 5 years old, receiving irregular treatment with methimazole in the last two years. Dehidration, and thyrotoxicosis were evident on clinical examination. Laboratory measurements reported serum free-T3 and free-T4 levels abnormally high; fasting hyperglucemia (712 mg/dL); excessive urine ketone bodies, and hypokalemia. Based on clinical and biochemical features the admission diagnosis were Graves disease, thyroid storm, and type 1-diabetes mellitus, complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis. Dehydration and electrolyte disorder were corrected, and insulin hourly regimen was initiated, plus corticosteroids and b-adrenergic antagonists. Once the ketoacidosis and the thyroid function were normalized, 11mCi of radioiodine was administered. Hyperthyroidism was controlled, and the patient was discharged in good control, to be followed in the outpatient clinic. Conclusions: We report a patient with the coexistence of two clinical entities of rare presentation in childhood, both of them with a autoimmune substratum; we review the existence of similar cases in the literature.

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