Surgical Management of Difficult Nail Glomus Tumors.

Background: Nail glomus tumor is a well-known tumor, with well-defined clinical characteristics and surgical treatment; however, some of these lesions occur in different locations and sizes with difficult surgical resolution. Summary: Clinical and imaging tests help in the diagnosis and tumor localization. Key Message: Adequate surgical knowledge for these cases ensures lower rates of recurrence and nail dystrophy.

Serial Excision Technique to Reduce Cicatricial Alopecia.

Introduction: Cicatricial alopecia (CA) poses a challenge for dermatologists due to irreversible hair follicle damage. While pharmacological treatments offer limited efficacy, surgical interventions aim to improve aesthetic outcomes. This article explores the serial excision technique (SET) as a viable option for stable cases of inflammatory CA. Case Report/Case Presentation: Three adult females with different forms of CA underwent staged surgeries to correct CA patches. Procedures included different incision and closure methods based on individual characteristics such as age, type and extent of alopecia, location, and tissue mobility in the scarred area. Discussion: CA significantly impacts patients' quality of life, demanding comprehensive treatment approaches. SET emerges as an encouraging possibility for stable cases, providing notable cosmetic improvements and enhancing patients' well-being. This technique offers cost-effective benefits with potential standalone efficacy or in combination with hair transplantation, providing promising outcomes for individuals with CA.

Large basal cell carcinoma defect closure on the lateral cheek using multiple advancement flaps / Cierre de defecto por carcinoma de células basales en la mejilla lateral usando múltiples flaps de avance

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). It grows slowly and very rarely metastasizes but can cause substantial morbidity due to its tendency to relapse and locally invasive nature, especially when located on the face. Excision surgery is still the gold standard treatment for primary BCC and is usually followed by reconstruction procedure. Skin flap techniques vary widely, one of which is flap advancement technique. The main benefit of flap advancement technique is the ability to hide the excision line, thus resulting in an aesthetically sound outcome. We report a case of 72-year-old female with hyperpigmented plaque brownish lump on the left lateral cheek. A diagnosis of igmented basal cell carcinoma had been confirmed through histopathological examination. The patient was treated with wide excision surgery and the defectwas closed by multiple advancement flaps. Follow-up after three months showed excellent cosmetic and functional outcome.

El carcinoma basocelular (CBC) es el tipo más común de cáncer de piel no melanoma. Crece lentamente y rara vez hace metástasis, pero puede causar una morbilidad sustancial debido a su ubicación en la cara, tendencia a la recidiva y su comportamiento invasivo local. La cirugía de escisión sigue siendo el tratamiento estándar de oro para el CBC primario y generalmente se acompañan de procedimientos reconstructivos. Las técnicas de flap varían ampliamente, una de las cuales es la técnica de avance del colgajo. El principal beneficio de la técnica de avance es la capacidad de ocultar la línea de escisión y, por lo tanto, se obtiene un resultado más estético. En este artículo reportamos el caso de una mujer de 72 años con placa hiperpigmentada y abultada en su mejilla lateral izquierda. Se había confirmado un diagnóstico de carcinoma de células basales pigmentadas mediante un examen histopatológico. El paciente fue tratado con una amplia cirugía de escisión y el defecto fue cerrado por múltiples colgajos de avance. El seguimiento después de tres meses mostró un excelente resultado cosmético y funcional.

Minilifting technique for treatments of the lower third of the face and anterior cervical neck with tumescent anesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgical techniques with a low rate of complications and rapid return to daily activities are in high demand for dermatological procedures and include lasers, microfocused ultrasound, botulinum toxin, suture strings, and filling techniques with hyaluronic acid. The facelift, on the other hand, has been criticized for complications such as bruising, relatively slow recovery rates (lasting up to a month), facial nerve lesions, and flap necrosis. Earliest descriptions of the facelift technique described a procedure associated with skin traction and detachment. However, authors did not describe a method for SMAS plication, which is still somewhat controversial. AIMS: Describe a surgical technique that reduce the signs of aging on the lower third of the face and neck with low rate of complications. METHODS: The minilifting technique described herein is capable of repositioning the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) and removing excess skin from the neck and lower third of the face with minimal detachment, local tumescent anesthesia, a few complications, and a relatively fast return to daily activities (15 days). CONCLUSION: Performance of a deep dissection and excision of part of the SMAS with posterior sutures is believed to be an optimal approach, whereas authors believe that a superficial dissection is safer and provides similar outcomes compared to deep dissection. This procedure produces extremely natural and long-lasting results.

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus leukoderma treated with melanocyte-keratinocyte transplantation procedure.

Depigmented lesions may occur as postinflammatory sequelae of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), leading to great psychosocial impact. A 53-year-old male patient presented with post-SCLE depigmented facial lesions after five years of disease stability. We proposed surgical treatment with melanocyte-keratinocyte transplantation procedure (MKTP), and after five months the patient achieved 90% repigmentation, without Koebner phenomenon (KP). In theory, KP is a possible complication of MKTP procedure since the preparation of the receptor area involves the use of dermabrasion. In an attempt to avoid it, we suggest to maintain the treatment of the underlying disease and wait for a minimum period of disease stability before the procedure.

Incidence of complications in dermatological surgery of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with multiple comorbidity and/or antiplatelet-anticoagulants. Five year experience in our Hospital.

INTRODUCTION: Surgery is performed more frequently now at days, due to the increasing incidence of melanoma and no-melanoma skin cancer. There are different opinions among dermatologic surgeons between to continue or discontinue antithrombotic therapy prior to the procedure, which increases the risk of thromboembolic events. Prophylaxis with oral antibiotics in the postsurgical period is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To report the safety of surgery without suspending antithrombotic therapy and without oral antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatology surgery of patients with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. METHOD: We designed a retrospective study. We included a total of 655 patients; 96.6% had at least one comorbidity; 27.7% used aspirin and 4.3% some type of antithrombotic therapy. The most common type of skin tumor was basal cell carcinoma with 69.8. RESULTS: The complication rate was 4.2%; the most was wound dehiscence (1.1%), followed by partial necrosis (0.9%), infection (0.9%), reaction to foreign body (0.6%), complete necrosis (0.3%), bleeding (0.2%) and fistulae (0.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the literature and our experience, dermatologic surgery is safe without suspending antithrombotic therapy or antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with multiple comorbidity.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La cirugía es uno de los procedimientos que se realizan con mayor frecuencia en dermatología debido a la mayor incidencia de cáncer de piel melanoma y no melanoma. Se han encontrado distintas posturas entre los cirujanos dermatólogos sobre continuar o suspender antiagregantes y anticoagulantes antes del procedimiento, lo cual incrementa el riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos, además de la preferencia de utilizar profilaxis antibiótica de forma posquirúrgica por algunos dermatólogos. OBJETIVO: Reportar nuestra experiencia en cuanto a la seguridad de la cirugía dermatológica sin la suspensión de anticoagulantes/antiagregantes y sin profilaxis antibiótica en pacientes con múltiple comorbilidad y polifarmacia. MÉTODO: Se revisaron 655 pacientes. El 96.6% tenían al menos otra enfermedad. El 27.7% utilizaba ácido acetilsalicílico y el 4.3% algún tipo de anticoagulante. El tipo de neoplasia más frecuente fue el carcinoma basocelular con 69.8%. RESULTADOS: La tasa total de complicaciones fue del 4.2%. La complicación más frecuente fue la dehiscencia de la herida (1.1%), seguida de la necrosis parcial (0.9%), la infección (0.9%), la reacción a cuerpo extraño (0.6%), la necrosis total (0.3%), la hemorragia (0.2%) y la fístula cutánea (0.2%). CONCLUSIONES: Basándonos en la literatura y nuestra experiencia, la cirugía dermatológica es segura sin suspender antitrombóticos ni indicar profilaxis antibiótica en pacientes con múltiple comorbilidad.

Incidence of complications in dermatological surgery of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with multiple comorbidity and/or antiplatelet-anticoagulants. Five year experience in our Hospital. / Incidencia de complicaciones en cirugía dermatológica de cáncer de piel melanoma y no melanoma en pacientes con múltiple comorbilidad o antiagregantes-anticoagulantes. Experiencia de nuestro hospital durante 5 años

Introduction: Surgery is performed more frequently now at days, due to the increasing incidence of melanoma and no-melanoma skin cancer. There are different opinions among dermatologic surgeons between to continue or discontinue antithrombotic therapy prior to the procedure, which increases the risk of thromboembolic events. Prophylaxis with oral antibiotics in the postsurgical period is controversial. Objective: To report the safety of surgery without suspending antithrombotic therapy and without oral antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatology surgery of patients with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. Method: We designed a retrospective study. We included a total of 655 patients; 96.6% had at least one comorbidity; 27.7% used aspirin and 4.3% some type of antithrombotic therapy. The most common type of skin tumor was basal cell carcinoma with 69.8% . Results: The complication rate was 4.2%; the most was wound dehiscence (1.1%), followed by partial necrosis (0.9%), infection (0.9%), reaction to foreign body (0.6%), complete necrosis (0.3%), bleeding (0.2%) and fistulae (0.2%). Conclusions: Based on the literature and our experience, dermatologic surgery is safe without suspending antithrombotic therapy or antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with multiple comorbidity.

Introducción: La cirugía es uno de los procedimientos que se realizan con mayor frecuencia en dermatología debido a la mayor incidencia de cáncer de piel melanoma y no melanoma. Se han encontrado distintas posturas entre los cirujanos dermatólogos sobre continuar o suspender antiagregantes y anticoagulantes antes del procedimiento, lo cual incrementa el riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos, además de la preferencia de utilizar profilaxis antibiótica de forma posquirúrgica por algunos dermatólogos. Objetivo: Reportar nuestra experiencia en cuanto a la seguridad de la cirugía dermatológica sin la suspensión de anticoagulantes/antiagregantes y sin profilaxis antibiótica en pacientes con múltiple comorbilidad y polifarmacia. Método: Se revisaron 655 pacientes. El 96.6% tenían al menos otra enfermedad. El 27.7% utilizaba ácido acetilsalicílico y el 4.3% algún tipo de anticoagulante. El tipo de neoplasia más frecuente fue el carcinoma basocelular con 69.8%. Resultados: La tasa total de complicaciones fue del 4.2%. La complicación más frecuente fue la dehiscencia de la herida (1.1%), seguida de la necrosis parcial (0.9%), la infección (0.9%), la reacción a cuerpo extraño (0.6%), la necrosis total (0.3%), la hemorragia (0.2%) y la fístula cutánea (0.2%). Conclusiones: Basándonos en la literatura y nuestra experiencia, la cirugía dermatológica es segura sin suspender antitrombóticos ni indicar profilaxis antibiótica en pacientes con múltiple comorbilidad.

Subungual Metastasis of an Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate in a Finger.

Cutaneous metastasis is a rare event occurring most frequently in patients previously diagnosed with cancer. However, subungual metastases are even less frequent. The most common neoplasms associated with the latter are lung, kidney, and breast neoplasms. Lung cancer is the main cause of subungual metastases in the fingers, and genitourinary tract tumors are the main cause of subungual metastases in the toes. This is the first case report of an adenocarcinoma of the prostate with subungual metastasis.

Complications and solutions in Mohs micrographic surgery: a retrospective analysis / Complicaciones y soluciones en cirugía micrográfica de Mohs: un análisis retrospectivo

Introducción: la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs es el gold standard para el tratamiento del cáncer de piel no melanoma. Ocasionalmente puede presentar complicaciones. Nuestro objetivo fue describir las complicaciones que observamos en nuestra Unidad de Cirugía Dermatológica y comparar nuestros resultados con otros estudios. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de todas las cirugías de Mohs realizadas en nuestro servicio entre noviembre 2013 y abril 2016. Los datos clínicos, tumorales y quirúrgicos representan aquellos disponibles en la historia clínica. Resultados: se realizaron 100 cirugías individuales en 71 pacientes;48 hombres y 23 mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 69.1 ± 1.7 años. El área del defecto promedio fue de 6.2 ± 0.9 cm2. Sólo se observaron 3 complicaciones (3%): necrosis de colgajo, hematoma con abultamiento de colgajo, y hemorragia postoperatoria. Todas se presentaron en pacientes diferentes, todas en fumadores activos y en región de cabeza y cuello. Discusión: las complicaciones son infrecuentes y suelen corresponder a infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, dehiscencia de suturas, hematoma/hemorragia o necrosis. Si bien el número de pacientes es limitado, nuestros resultados y la revisión de la literatura concuerda en su mayor parte. Destacamos que el tabaquismo activo representa un factor de riesgo para complicaciones. Conclusiones: la cirugía de Mohs tiene una incidencia baja de complicaciones, y la mayoría de estas son menores. Un conocimiento de sus modos de prevención y tratamiento es necesario para llevar a cabo este procedimiento.

Introduction: Mohs micrographic surgery is the gold standard for non-melanoma skin cancer treatment. It may occasionally present complications. Our objective was to describe the complications we observed in our Dermatologic Surgery Unit and compare our results with other studies. Materials and methods: we performed a retrospective analysis of all Mohs surgeries done in our service between November 2013 and April 2016. Clinical, tumoral and surgical data was gathered from the patients' medical history. Results: 100 individual surgeries in 71 patients were registered; 48 males and 23 females. Mean age was 69.1 ± 1.7 years. Mean defect area was 6.2 ± 0.9 cm2. Only 3 complications were seen (3%): flap necrosis, hematoma with flap bulging, and postoperative hemorrhage. All of these occurred in different patients, all of them in active smokers and in the head and neck region. Discussion: complications are infrequent and are usually surgical site infections, suture dehiscence, bleeding/hematoma or necrosis. Although our number of patients is limited, our results are mostly compatible with the literature. We highlight that active smoking represents a risk factor for complications. Conclusions: Mohs surgery has a low incidence of complications, and most of these are minor. A knowledge of prevention and treatment modalities is necessary to perform this procedure.

Colgajo de avance: doble triángulo de Burow. Una opción para cierres de defectos faciales / BurowÆs triangle: on the options on facial defects

La dermatología quirúrgica requiere conocimientos anatómicos y técnicos por parte del dermatólogo, el cual dispone de diversas herramientas para el cierre de defectos posquirúrgicos. Dentro de éstas se encuentran los cierres primarios, colgajos, injertos y cierres por segunda intención. Nos referiremos en el presente trabajo al doble triángulo de Burow y sus indicaciones faciales, como parte de los colgajos de avance que resuelven de forma sencilla defectos posquirúrgicos. (AU)

Dermatologic surgery requires anatomical and technical knowledge from thedermatologist, having several options for post surgical closure. Among whichare: flaps, grafts, primary and secondary closure.In this paper we discuss Burow´s double triangle and its facial indications as partof the advancement flaps, which solves easily post-surgical defects.(AU)

Colgajo de avance: doble triángulo de Burow. Una opción para cierres de defectos faciales / Burow’s triangle: on the options on facial defects

La dermatología quirúrgica requiere conocimientos anatómicos y técnicos por parte del dermatólogo, el cual dispone de diversas herramientas para el cierre de defectos posquirúrgicos. Dentro de éstas se encuentran los cierres primarios, colgajos, injertos y cierres por segunda intención. Nos referiremos en el presente trabajo al doble triángulo de Burow y sus indicaciones faciales, como parte de los colgajos de avance que resuelven de forma sencilla defectos posquirúrgicos.

Dermatologic surgery requires anatomical and technical knowledge from thedermatologist, having several options for post surgical closure. Among whichare: flaps, grafts, primary and secondary closure.In this paper we discuss Burow´s double triangle and its facial indications as partof the advancement flaps, which solves easily post-surgical defects.

Anticoagulantes y antiplaquetarios en cirugía dermatológica / Anticoagulants and antiplatelet in cutaneous surgery

Introducción: Un porcentaje importante de pacientes sometidos a cirugía cutánea están en tratamiento anticoagulante o antiplaquetario. Las cirugías cutáneas tienen bajo riesgo de sangrado, pero los tratamientos antitrombóticos podrían causar mayor riesgo, lo que ha llevado a los cirujanos dermatólogos a suspender estas terapias antes de la cirugía. Por otro lado, un inadecuado manejo de estas terapias puede tener graves consecuencias tromboembólicas. Objetivo: Establecer los riesgos y beneficios de continuar o suspender el tratamiento antitrombótico antes de una cirugía dermatológica, con el fin de establecer una conducta preoperatoria segura. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura médica bajo los términos anticoagulants, anticoagulation y anticoagulation therapy in dermatologic surgery o in cutaneous surgery. Se seleccionaron los 20 artículos que mejor respondían al objetivo del estudio, dando prioridad a los más recientes. Resultados: En los estudios analizados no se observó evidencia que sustente la suspensión de lo warfarina, clopidogrel o ácido acetilsalicilico antes de una cirugía cutánea, pero sí se reportan casos de complicaciones tromboembólicas asociadas a la suspensión de la terapia antitrombótica. No existe consenso respecto al valor del INR sobre el cual existe mayor riesgo de sangrado perioperatorio en la cirugía cutánea ni del mejor momento para controlarla. Conclusiones: La cirugía cutánea con anticoagulantes y antiplaquetarios es segura, pero la suspensión de estas terapias se puede asociar a complicaciones vasculares con riesgo vital. Sugerimos tomar un INR de control dentro de las 24 horas previos a la cirugía; en caso de valores mayores a 4, derivar al médico tratante para ajustar los niveles.

Introduction: A significant percentage of patients undergoing cutaneous surgery are on anticoagulants or antiplatelet therapy. Cutaneous surgery are at low risk of bleeding but antithrombotic treatments may cause increased risk which has led to dermatologic surgeons to discontinue these therapies before surgery. Moreover, inadequate management of these therapies can have serious thromboembolic consequences Objective: To establish the risks and benefits to continue or suspend the therapy prior to a dermatologic surgery in order to have o reliable preoperative behavior. Materials and methods: A search was conducted by the authors on medical literature under the terms anticoagulants, anticoagulation and anticoagulation therapy in dermatologic surgery or in cutaneous surgery. A total of 20 articles were selected giving priority to the most recent ones. Results: In the studies reviewed there was no evidence to support the suspension of warfarin, clopidogrel or aspirin before skin surgery but reported cases of thromboembolic complications associated with the suspension of antithrombotic therapy were found. There is no consensus on the INR value related with increased risk of perioperative bleeding in cutaneous surgery or the best time to control it Conclusions: Perform o cutaneous surgery under anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment is safe; the suspension of these therapies may be associated with life-threatening vascular complications. An INR control within 24 hours prior to surgery is suggested. In case of an INR over 4 o recommendation of control with the physician to adjust levels seem reasonable.

Carcinoma basocelular ulcerado frontal com acometimento superciliar: tratamento cirúrgico com retalho de avanço bilateral / Frontal basal cell carcinoma with superciliar aff ection: surgical treatment with bilateral advancement flap

Relatamos o caso de um paciente apresentando carcinoma basocelular nodular ulcerado de 3 cm de diâmetro na região frontal, à esquerda, atingindo a metade medial do supercílio. A lesão foi excisada e a reconstrução, realizada com retalhos de avanço em H. A região esquerda incluiu o restante do supercílio, sendo maior do que a contralateral. Assim, mantiveram-se a harmonia e a simetria das regiões superciliares e glabelar. As cicatrizes fi caram pouco perceptíveis por estarem posicionadas nas linhas de expressão. O paciente permanece sem lesões após dois anos de acompanhamento.

We report the case of a patient presenting a 3 cm diameter ulcerated nodular basal cell carcinoma in the frontal left region, reaching the medial half of the eyebrow. The lesion was excised and the reconstruction was carried out with advancement fl aps in H and the left included the rest of the eyebrow, being larger than the contralateral. Thus, the harmony and symmetry of the superciliary and glabellar regions were remained. The scars were visible just by being positioned in wrinkles rows. The patient remains without injuries after two years of monitoring.