Cavity-mediated drag in double-layer graphene.

We study the frictional drag between two graphene layers placed inside a cavity. We show that the drag has two contributions: the well-known Coulomb drag, and a novel photon-mediated drag. The latter arises from a cavity-mediated interaction in which the backscattering is not suppressed and the screening is relatively weak. As a result, the photon-mediated drag resistivity in the Fermi-liquid regime acquires corrections to the usual quadratic temperature dependence, has a slow decay as the interlayer separationdincreases, and depends on the carrier densitynasρD∼1/n2. Thus, whereas for smalldandnthe Coulomb drag dominates, as these parameters increase the drag transitions to a purely photon-mediated drag. The onset of this transition depends on the electromagnetic field enhancement inside the cavity.

Estimation of Drag Finishing Abrasive Effect for Cutting Edge Preparation in Broaching Tool.

In recent years, cutting edge preparation became a topic of high interest in the manufacturing industry because of the important role it plays in the performance of the cutting tool. This paper describes the use of the drag finishing DF cutting edge preparation process on the cutting tool for the broaching process. The main process parameters were manipulated and analyzed, as well as their influence on the cutting edge rounding, material remove rate MRR, and surface quality/roughness (Ra, Rz). In parallel, a repeatability and reproducibility R&R analysis and cutting edge radius re prediction were performed using machine learning by an artificial neural network ANN. The results achieved indicate that the influencing factors on re, MRR, and roughness, in order of importance, are drag depth, drag time, mixing percentage, and grain size, respectively. The reproducibility accuracy of re is reliable compared to traditional processes, such as brushing and blasting. The prediction accuracy of the re of preparation with ANN is observed in the low training and prediction errors 1.22% and 0.77%, respectively, evidencing the effectiveness of the algorithm. Finally, it is demonstrated that the DF has reliable feasibility in the application of edge preparation on broaching tools under controlled conditions.

Kinetic Monte Carlo method applied to micrometric particle detachment mechanisms by aerodynamic forces.

The formulation of a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation to account for the different possible mechanisms present in the problem of resuspension of aerosol particles is addressed as an extension of a former model Benitoet al(2016J. Aerosol Sci.10026-37). The re-entrainment of micrometer particles to airflow when detached from a surface by aerodynamic forces is modeled using the similitude of the problem with the desorption process from heterogeneous surfaces. Depending on the relative role of the intervening forces, three main mechanisms for movement initiation can be present:rolling,slidingandlifting-off. Three different transition probabilities are defined for each mechanism and the corresponding transition rates calculated for the kinetic process to be simulated. The decisive factor for the development of the model is to set an appropriate dynamical hierarchy to simulate correctly the evolution of the transition rates as the airflow velocity increases, reflecting the stochastic nature of the process, not always fully captured by other Monte Carlo approaches. The model is applied to spherical and elongated particles on a flat surface, reproducing qualitatively well the experimental trends found by other authors for the case of particles with different shapes. It is also demonstrated that, for elongated particles, the main mechanism assisting the detachment is not rolling but sliding, underscoring the need for an adequate choice of the particles shape and detachment mechanism when looking for the critical conditions for particle removal from surfaces.

Coulomb drag in metal monochalcogenides double-layer structures with Mexican-hat band dispersions.

We theoretically study the Coulomb drag resistivity and plasmon modes behavior for a system composed of two parallelp-type doped GaS monolayers with Mexican-hat valence energy band using the Boltzmann transport theory formalism. We investigate the effect of temperature,T, carrier density,p, and layer separation,d, on the plasmon modes and drag resistivity within the energy-independent scattering time approximation. Our results show that the density dependence of plasmon modes can be approximated byp0.5. Also, the calculations suggest ad0.2and ad0.1dependencies for the acoustic and optical plasmon energies, respectively. Interestingly, we obtain that the behavior of drag resistivity in the double-layer metal monochalcogenides swings between the behavior of a double-quantum well system with parabolic dispersion and that of a double-quantum wire structure with a large carrier density of states. In particular, the transresistivity value reduces exponentially with increasing the distance between layers. Furthermore, the drag resistivity changes asT2/p4(T2.8/p4.5) at low (intermediate) temperatures. Finally, we compare the drag resistivity as a function of temperature for GaS with other Mexican-hat materials including GaSe and InSe and find that it adopts higher values when the metal monochalcogenide has smaller Mexican-hat height.

"É tudo uma máfia": trânsitos e tensões na busca de um lugar no palco / "Todo es una mafia": tránsitos y tensiones en la búsqueda de un lugar en el escenario / "It's all a mafia": transits and tensions in the search for a place on the stage

Resumo Este artigo explora relações e constrangimentos envolvendo as oportunidades de shows e de progressão na carreira de drag queens iniciantes. Através da análise de material etnográfico, persigo a categoria máfia que, quando empregada, lança suspeita sobre resultados de concursos e a oferta de oportunidades. Seu uso sugere a elevada competitividade no meio artístico drag. Analiso ainda um momento específico durante a pesquisa de campo no qual fui convidado a julgar um concurso. A metodologia consiste em pesquisa etnográfica, observação participante e conversas informais. A pesquisa foi realizada entre 2015 e 2017, tendo como foco o processo de constituição das carreiras artísticas de um grupo de jovens drag queens que, desde Campinas, buscam viabilizar sua participação em concursos e shows para além da cidade.

Resumen Este artículo explora relaciones y limitaciones que rodean el espectáculo y las oportunidades profesionales de drag queens principiantes. A través del análisis de material etnográfico, persigo la categoría mafia que, cuando utilizada, arroja sospechas sobre los resultados de los concursos y la oferta de oportunidades. Su uso sugiere la gran competitividad en la escena artística drag. También analizo un momento específico durante la investigación de campo en el que me invitaron a juzgar un concurso. La metodología consiste en investigación etnográfica, observación participante y conversaciones informales. La investigación se llevó a cabo entre 2015 y 2017, centrándose en el proceso de constitución de las carreras artísticas de un grupo de drag queens jóvenes que, de Campinas, tratar de hacer posible su participación en concursos y espectáculos más allá de la ciudad.

Abstract This article explores relations and constraints involving opportunities for performing and career-building of newcomer drag queens. Through the analysis of ethnographic material, I follow the category mafia that, when employed, aims to raise suspicion over drag contests' results and the availability of opportunities to perform. Its usage suggests the high competitivity in the drag artistic scene. I also analyse a specific moment during research where I judged in a drag contest. The methodology consisted of ethnographic research, participant observation and informal conversations. The study was conducted between 2015 and 2017, focusing on the career-building process of a group of young drag queen artists from Campinas seeking to participate in contests and drag performances beyond the city.

A Experiência Drag Queen como Transição na Vida Adulta / The Drag Queen Experience as a Transition in Adult Life / La Experiencia Drag Queen como Transición en la Vida Adulta

A partir de reflexões teóricas impulsionadas pela Rede de Significações (RedSig) e Teorias de Gênero, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar sentidos e significados tecidos sobre a experiência como drag queen na vida adulta. A metodologia utilizada teve base em entrevistas biográficas, realizadas com cinco participantes, entre 20 e 39 anos, que têm ou já tiveram experiência como drag queens. Para a análise, foi realizada uma abordagem microgenética, correlacionando elementos da RedSig com as narrativas. Os resultados indicaram que a vida adulta não aparece como percurso linear, sendo permeada por rupturas, conflitos e negociações de sentidos e posições. A vida adulta se torna o palco no qual é possível ocupar determinados espaços de poder para colocar em prática desejos e curiosidades que, por vezes, remontam à infância. A drag queen emerge como um elemento relacionado a esse processo, atrelada a diversos sentidos e significados positivos (arte, realização, liberdade) e negativos (vergonha, preconceito, degradante). (AU)

From theoretical reflections driven by the Network of Meanings and Gender Theories, this work aims to investigate senses and meanings constructed on experience as a drag queen in adult life. The methodology used was based in biographical interviews, carried out with five participants, between 20 and 39 years of age, who have or already had experience as drag queens. For the analysis, a microgenetic approach was performed, correlating elements of the Net of Meanings with the narratives. Adulthood does not appear as a linear course, being permeated by ruptures, conflicts and negotiations of meanings and positions. Adulthood becomes the stage on which it is possible to occupy certain spaces of power to put into practice desires and curiosities that sometimes go back to childhood. The drag queen emerges as an element related to this process, tied to several positive (art, accomplishment, freedom) and negative (shame, prejudice, degrading) senses and meanings. (AU)

A partir de reflexiones teóricas estimuladas por la Red de Significaciones (RedSig) y Teorías de Género, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar sentidos y significados construidos sobre la experiencia como drag queen en la vida adulta. La metodología utilizada tuvo como base entrevistas biográficas, realizadas con cinco personas, entre 20 y 39 años, que tienen o ya han tenido experiencia como drag queens. Para el análisis, se realizó un enfoque microgenético, correlacionando elementos de la RedSig con las narrativas. La vida adulta se convierte en el escenario en el que es posible ocupar ciertos espacios de poder para poner en práctica los deseos y curiosidades que a veces se remontan a la infancia. La drag queen surge como un elemento relacionado con este proceso, vinculado a varios sentidos y significados, positivos (arte, logro, libertad) y negativos (vergüenza, prejuicio, degradante). (AU)

Evaluation of rotational grazing as a control strategy for Rhipicephalus microplus in a tropical region.

Rhipicephalus microplus is the most significant tick of livestock and its control is particularly challenging due to its resistance to commercial acaricides. Pasture rotation is considered a management strategy that could help control R. microplus, however, the literature only contemplates mathematical models and little is known about the effects of this practice in the field. The objective of this work was to determine whether pasture rotation is an efficient method for controlling R. microplus. Two different experiments were performed that involved groups of continuous and rotational grazing bovines. Female ticks measuring 4.5-8.0 mm were counted on animals while larvae in pasture were counted using the flannel drag technique. Treatment for infested bovines was applied when the average group tick count was ≥30 females. The results showed that rotational grazing (with 20-day periods of rest) had a higher tick count on-host than continuous grazing (P < 0.05) and additional bovine treatment was needed. Sixty and 105 days were needed to re-infest and disinfest pasture of R. microplus larvae, respectively. The first treatment of bovines occurred 91 days after the animals were placed in a closed area. The results indicate that rotational grazing is not an efficient way to control R. microplus.

Fragmentos da babadeira história drag brasileira / Fragments of the controversial Brazilian drag history / Fragmentos de la controvertida historia drag brasileña

Protagonistas nas lutas LGBTs, as drag queens viveram constantemente um apagamento histórico, fruto do preconceito estrutural que envolve, inclusive, a própria comunidade LGBT. No entanto, contemporaneamente, a cultura drag vive um momento de forte presença midiática suscitada pela popularização do programa estadunidense RuPaul's Drag Race. Tendo isso em vista, o presente artigo visa elaborar um entendimento sobre o percurso histórico que possibilitou a construção da cultura drag, tal qual a compreendemos contemporaneamente. Além disso, busca situar esses sujeitos como importantes na história LGBT mundial, observando sua presença, também, na cultura e mídia brasileiras.

Protagonists in the LGBT struggles, drag queens have constantly lived a historical erasure, as a result of the structural prejudice that involves, even, the own LGBT community. However, at the same time, the drag culture lives a moment of strong media presence raised by the popularization of the American program RuPaul's Drag Race. Taking this into account, this article aims to elaborate an understanding of the historical path that allowed the construction of the drag culture as we understand it contemporaneously. In addition, it seeks to situate these subjects as important in LGBT world history, noting their presence, also, in Brazilian culture and media.

Protagonistas de las luchas LGBT, las drag queens experimentan un borrado histórico, como consecuencia del prejuicio estructural que implica, incluso, la propia comunidad LGBT. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, la cultura del arrastre vive un momento de fuerte presencia de los medios levantada por la popularización del programa norteamericano RuPaul's Drag Race. Teniendo esto en cuenta, este artículo tiene como objetivo elaborar una comprensión del recorrido histórico que permitió la construcción de la cultura drag como la entendemos contemporáneamente. Además, busca situar esos temas como importantes en la historia mundial LGBT, observando su presencia, también, en la cultura y los medios brasileños.

A synergistic analysis of drag reduction on binary polymer mixtures containing guar gum.

Drag reduction by the addition of polymer additives has been widely studied. However, there are only a few studies on binary polymer mixtures, here named blends. In this work, xanthan gum, polyacrylamide and poly(ethylene oxide) were associated with guar gum and drag reduction was used as a parameter to determine the synergistic interaction between polymers. The aim was to verify the relation of the synergy with the rigidity of the polymeric chains, the molecular weights and the magnitude of the molecular interactions between the studied polymers. To that end, several ratios of mixtures were tested at different Reynolds numbers in a rotational rheometer with double-gap concentric cylinders geometry. Finally, experiments were done to verify the behaviour of the blends over time at a fixed Reynolds number. From all these tests, it was documented that blends containing rigid chain polymers show positive synergism in the interaction in at least one of the ratios and that this interaction is more pronounced when the molecular weights are closer and intermolecular forces are stronger. It was also noted that, in general, blends are great substitutes for solutions containing only one type of polymer.

Thermal and spectroscopic analyses of guar gum degradation submitted to turbulent flow.

In this paper, a 400 ppm aqueous solution of guar gum polysaccharide was submitted to a turbulent flow regime in order to monitor molecular degradation and drag reduction. Guar gum samples were isolated and analyzed by spectroscopic, thermoanalytical and viscosimetric techniques. The drag reduction promoted by guar gum is compromised as the polysaccharide undergoes degradation. Viscosimetric analysis of guar gum showed a reduction in viscous molecular mass. Mid-infrared spectra and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance suggest that mechanical degradation promotes hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond α (1 → 6) releasing (d)-galactose owing to the appearance of the carbonyl functional group. Thermal analysis revealed the reduction of the polysaccharide's thermal stability by reduction of the polymer chain. A comprehensive analysis of these combined parameters affords a foundation for the development of more efficient biopolymers in the context of improved drag reduction.

Study of the mechanical degradation mechanism of guar gum in turbulent flow by FTIR.

Guar gum is used in low concentrations as a drag reducing agent in turbulent flows to significantly accelerate flow in oil pipelines, oil well operations and aqueous systems. Drag reduction also promotes a decrease in energy demand in pumping systems. However, the polymers undergo mechanical degradation and lose the ability to promote drag reduction over time. In this paper, the drag reduction, the power required by the pumps and the degradation of the guar gum were evaluated during a turbulent flow of an aqueous solution containing the biopolymer. The results indicate the mechanism of degradation of guar gum by the hydrolysis of the bond α (1 → 6), liberating the galactose, which justice to the loss of efficiency throughout the process. An understanding of this mechanism should allow for the development of more mechanically resistant polymers and the increase of drag reduction capacity over time.

Measuring Tree Properties and Responses Using Low-Cost Accelerometers.

Trees play a crucial role in the water, carbon and nitrogen cycle on local, regional and global scales. Understanding the exchange of momentum, heat, water, and CO 2 between trees and the atmosphere is important to assess the impact of drought, deforestation and climate change. Unfortunately, ground measurements of tree properties such as mass and canopy interception of precipitation are often expensive or difficult due to challenging environments. This paper aims to demonstrate the concept of using robust and affordable accelerometers to measure tree properties and responses. Tree sway is dependent on mass, canopy structure, drag coefficient, and wind forcing. By measuring tree acceleration, we can relate the tree motion to external forcing (e.g., wind, precipitation and related canopy interception) and tree physical properties (e.g., mass, elasticity). Using five months of acceleration data of 19 trees in the Brazilian Amazon, we show that the frequency spectrum of tree sway is related to mass, canopy interception of precipitation, and canopy-atmosphere turbulent exchange.

The suitability of Sanders' model for calculation of the propulsive force generated by the hands during sculling motion.

This study examined whether Sanders' model is suitable for estimating accurately the propulsive force generated by the hands' motion in swimming comparing the calculated force obtained using the model and the measured force during an actual propulsive action. The measured and calculated forces were obtained from 13 swimmers who, while tethered, performed a sculling motion in a prone position for the purpose of displacing the body by moving it forward. Kinematic analyses were conducted to obtain the calculated force, while the measured force was obtained via the use of a load cell. The calculated force was lower than the measured force and accounted for only a small part of the variation in the measured force. The forces could not be used interchangeably, and there were fixed and proportional differences between them. Consequently, this study indicates that Sanders' model is not suitable for estimating accurately the propulsive force generated by the swimmer's hands during sculling motion. However, research that integrates analyses from different approaches could result in improvements to the model that would render it applicable for estimating the propulsive forces during movements that are characterised by directional changes of the hands.

The 3D CFD study of gliding swimmer on passive hydrodynamics drag

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of depth on the hydrodynamic drag coefficient during the passive underwater gliding after the starts and turns. The swimmer hydrodynamics performance was studied by the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The steady-state CFD simulations were performed by the application of k - omega turbulent model and volume of fluid method to obtain two-phase flow around a three-dimensional swimmer model when gliding near water surface and at different depths from the water surface. The simulations were conducted for four different swimming pool size, each with different depth, i.e., 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 m for three different velocities, i.e., 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 m/s, with swimmer gliding at different depths with intervals of 0.25 m, each starting from the water surface, respectively. The numerical results of pressure drag and total coefficients at individual average race velocities were obtained. The results showed that the drag coefficient decreased as depth increased, with a trend toward reduced fluctuation after 0.5m depth from the water surface. The selection of the appropriate depth during the gliding phase should be a main concern of swimmers and coaches.

Detection of Salmonella spp. in broilers raised in a sealed buildings of integration in western Paraná / Pesquisa de Salmonella spp. em frangos de corte criados em galpões climatizados de uma integração na região Oeste do Paraná

Over the past 20 years, the poultry sector was the one that most invested in technology, which explains  its evolution in terms of production. These gains were due to improved feed conversion ratios, breeding, increased automation and better management of aviaries. Salmonella spp. is a bacterium that inhabits both human being and animal intestinal tract. When birds of a breed are contaminated with Salmonella, control becomes difficult and results are unreliable. Birds are reservoirs of this bacterium and the pathogen can be spread to other birds, the environment and their progeny. The production of broilers needs a biosecurity program for qualifying products that are offered to the population. Flocks of chickens must be constantly monitored for inquiries regarding their microbiological quality, water quality and feed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination by Salmonella spp. in broilers reared in two air-conditioned sheds of a Western Parana integration. The collection of sewer swabs, swab drag and Salmonella studies in fragments of organs, performed in broilers with ages between 21 ± 5 days of life, took place from April to October, 2011. There were collected one hundred sewer swabs per flock in each aviary, and each swab was used to sample two birds, totaling 1,000 birds sampled. We also used 02 drag swabs in each shed per flock, totaling 20 samples an

Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor de avicultura foi o que mais investiu em tecnologia, o que justifica sua evolução em termos de produção. Esses ganhos ocorreram, devido à melhora dos índices de conversão alimentar, melhoramento genético, maior automação dos aviários e melhor manejo. A Salmonella spp. é uma bactéria que habita o trato intestinal do homem e dos animais. Quando as aves de um plantel contaminam-se com Salmonella, o controle torna-se difícil e com resultados duvidosos. As aves são reservatórios desta bactéria e podem disseminar este patógeno para outras aves, para o meio ambiente e para sua progênie. A produção de frangos de corte necessita de um programa de biosseguridade, para qualificar os produtos que são ofertados à população. Os lotes de frangos devem ser monitorados constantemente para averiguações a respeito da sua qualidade microbiológica, da qualidade da água e da ração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a contaminação por Salmonella spp. em frangos de corte criados em dois galpões climatizados de uma integração localizada na região oeste do Paraná. Por coletas de swabs de cloaca, swab de arrasto e pesquisa de Salmonella em fragmentos de órgãos, realizados em frangos de corte estavam a com idade variando entre 21 ± 5 dias de vida, no período compreendido entre abril a outubro de 2011. Foram coletados 100 swabs cloacais por lote de cada aviário, onde cada

Detection of Salmonella spp. in broilers raised in a sealed buildings of integration in western Paraná / Pesquisa de Salmonella spp. em frangos de corte criados em galpões climatizados de uma integração na região Oeste do Paraná

Over the past 20 years, the poultry sector was the one that most invested in technology, which explains  its evolution in terms of production. These gains were due to improved feed conversion ratios, breeding, increased automation and better management of aviaries. Salmonella spp. is a bacterium that inhabits both human being and animal intestinal tract. When birds of a breed are contaminated with Salmonella, control becomes difficult and results are unreliable. Birds are reservoirs of this bacterium and the pathogen can be spread to other birds, the environment and their progeny. The production of broilers needs a biosecurity program for qualifying products that are offered to the population. Flocks of chickens must be constantly monitored for inquiries regarding their microbiological quality, water quality and feed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination by Salmonella spp. in broilers reared in two air-conditioned sheds of a Western Parana integration. The collection of sewer swabs, swab drag and Salmonella studies in fragments of organs, performed in broilers with ages between 21 ± 5 days of life, took place from April to October, 2011. There were collected one hundred sewer swabs per flock in each aviary, and each swab was used to sample two birds, totaling 1,000 birds sampled. We also used 02 drag swabs in each shed per flock, totaling 20 samples an

Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor de avicultura foi o que mais investiu em tecnologia, o que justifica sua evolução em termos de produção. Esses ganhos ocorreram, devido à melhora dos índices de conversão alimentar, melhoramento genético, maior automação dos aviários e melhor manejo. A Salmonella spp. é uma bactéria que habita o trato intestinal do homem e dos animais. Quando as aves de um plantel contaminam-se com Salmonella, o controle torna-se difícil e com resultados duvidosos. As aves são reservatórios desta bactéria e podem disseminar este patógeno para outras aves, para o meio ambiente e para sua progênie. A produção de frangos de corte necessita de um programa de biosseguridade, para qualificar os produtos que são ofertados à população. Os lotes de frangos devem ser monitorados constantemente para averiguações a respeito da sua qualidade microbiológica, da qualidade da água e da ração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a contaminação por Salmonella spp. em frangos de corte criados em dois galpões climatizados de uma integração localizada na região oeste do Paraná. Por coletas de swabs de cloaca, swab de arrasto e pesquisa de Salmonella em fragmentos de órgãos, realizados em frangos de corte estavam a com idade variando entre 21 ± 5 dias de vida, no período compreendido entre abril a outubro de 2011. Foram coletados 100 swabs cloacais por lote de cada aviário, onde cada

Drag reduction by polyethylene glycol in the tail arterial bed of normotensive and hypertensive rats

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of drag reducer polymers (DRP) on arteries from normotensive (Wistar) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000 at 5000 ppm) was perfused in the tail arterial bed with (E+) and without endothelium (E-) from male, adult Wistar (N = 14) and SHR (N = 13) animals under basal conditions (constant flow at 2.5 mL/min). In these preparations, flow-pressure curves (1.5 to 10 mL/min) were constructed before and 1 h after PEG 4000 perfusion. Afterwards, the tail arterial bed was fixed and the internal diameters of the arteries were then measured by microscopy and drag reduction was assessed based on the values of wall shear stress (WSS) by computational simulation. In Wistar and SHR groups, perfusion of PEG 4000 significantly reduced pulsatile pressure (Wistar/E+: 17.5 ± 2.8; SHR/E+: 16.3 ± 2.7 percent), WSS (Wistar/E+: 36; SHR/E+: 40 percent) and the flow-pressure response. The E- reduced the effects of PEG 4000 on arteries from both groups, suggesting that endothelial damage decreased the effect of PEG 4000 as a DRP. Moreover, the effects of PEG 4000 were more pronounced in the tail arterial bed from SHR compared to Wistar rats. In conclusion, these data demonstrated for the first time that PEG 4000 was more effective in reducing the pressure-flow response as well as WSS in the tail arterial bed of hypertensive than of normotensive rats and these effects were amplified by, but not dependent on, endothelial integrity. Thus, these results show an additional mechanism of action of this polymer besides its mechanical effect through the release and/or bioavailability of endothelial factors.

Um passeio de ônibus: Priscilla, a rainha do deserto (1994) e alguns diálogos entre categorias sociais e ficcionais / Un viaje en ómnibus: Las aventuras de Priscilla, la reina del desierto (1994) y algunos diálogos entre categorías sociales y ficcionales / A bus tour: Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (1994) and the dialog between social and fictional categories

O presente artigo objetiva uma reflexão acerca de alguns ecos do filme australiano Priscilla, a rainha do deserto (1994), dirigido por Stephan Elliot. Este filme alcançou grande sucesso no mundo todo, contribuindo para a popularização da figura das drag queens, com suas performances e excessos, para além de um nicho gay. Pretendo discutir como ficção e realidade entrelaçam-se nos diálogos entre obra artística e teoria. Priscilla, a rainha do deserto talvez tenha causado maior impacto em seu país de origem, sendo tomado como documento real da representação da diversidade, da identidade nacional e das relações étnicas australianas. Seguindo esta trilha, citarei alguns estudos suscitados pela obra em questão, como os de Damien Riggs (2006), Elaine Laforteza (2006) e Gilad Padva (2000), que em seus diversos tipos de argumentações transformam este filme em um objeto de discussão teórica e elemento cultural referente da realidade.

El presente artículo se propone una reflexión acerca de algunas repercusiones de la película australiana "Las aventuras de Priscilla, la reina del desierto" (1994), dirigido por Stephan Elliot. El éxito mundial de esta película contribuyó a popularizar a las drag queens, con sus performances y excesos, más allá del nicho gay. Procuro discutir cómo ficción y realidad se entrelazan en el diálogo entre obra artística y teoría. Quizás "Las aventuras de Priscilla, la reina del desierto" haya causado un impacto mayor en su país de origen, tomándoselo como documento y representación de la diversidad, la identidad nacional y las relaciones étnicas australianas. En esa línea, retomaré estudios sobre la obra en cuestión, como los de Damien Riggs (2006), Elaine Laforteza (2006) y Gilad Padva (2000), que transformaron esta película, a través de sus distintas argumentaciones, en un objeto de discusión teórica y un elemento cultural referente de la realidad.

This article is a reflection on some echoes of the Australian film "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert" (1994), by Stephan Elliot. The film enjoyed great success across the world, contributing to the popularization of drag queen characters, their performances, and cultivation of excess beyond the gay niche. Damien Riggs (2006), Elaine Laforteza (2006), and Gilad Padva (2000) have made this film an object of theoretical discussion as a cultural product. I discuss how fiction and reality intertwine in the dialogues between performance, art, and theory/reality. "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert" might have caused a higher impact in its country of origin, received as a document representation of diversity, national identity, and ethnic relations in Australia.

Parâmetros mecânicos e metabólicos do desempenho em intensidade supra-máxima de nado crawl / Mechanical and metabolic parameters of front crawl swim performance at supramaximal intensity

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desempenho supra-máximo no nado crawl (vmax) pelas relações entre energia anaeróbia (Eanaer), potência muscular (Po) e propulsiva (Pu), eficiência mecânica (emec) e propulsiva (ep), economia e força de arrasto (Fr). Onze competidores submeteram-se à avaliação de Fr pelo método de Perturbação da Velocidade e à estimativa da ep, pelas relações entre Fr e a ação do hidrofólio. Eanaer foi quantificada pelo equivalente energético do lactato e da fosfocreatina. Correlações de vmax com Eanaer (0,71), economia (0,65), Fr (0,68), Pu (0,79) e Po (0,69) sugerem que força, potência e disponibilidade de energia sustentam o desempenho em vmax. Contudo, ao restringir Eanaer em vmax, apenas a economia acomoda-se a esta condição (-0,95), enquanto que emec torna-se determinante para Fr (0,97), Pu (0,90) e Po (0,98). Conclui-se que a taxa de trabalho é decisiva no desempenho supramáximo, e que Eanaer subsidia sua produção, mas quando restrita, emec e economia interagem-se como fatores fundamentais para manter a taxa de trabalho no patamar demandado por esta condição de nado.

The purpose of this study was to analyze crawl performance at supramaximal intensity (vmax) from relationships between anaerobic energy (Eanaer), mechanical and propulsive power (Po, Pu), mechanical and propulsive efficiency (emec, ep), and drag force (Fr). Eleven experience swimmers were undergone to the measurement of Fr from the method of Velocity Perturbation, and to estimative the ep from Fr relationships to hydrofoil action. Eanaer was estimated from lactate and phosphocreatine energy equivalents. Correlations of vmax to Eanaer (0,72), economy (0,65), Fr (0,68), Pu (0,79), and Po (0,69) suggest a trend to force, power and energy release to determine performance at vmax. Once Eanaer became constrained, only economy was able to accommodated to these context (-0,95), whereas emec improve their influence on Fr (0,97), Pu (0,90), and Po (0,98). In conclusion, work rate is the main parameter to ensure supramaximal performance, and Eanaer is the major factor in power availability, but when it is constrained, emec and economy interactions plays a fundamental role to maintain the level of work rate production enough to reach supramaximal swim requirements.