ABSTRACT
Mini-roses (Rosa chinensis Jacq.) is largely used in salty dishes and desserts. This study evaluated instrumental color, sugars, organic acids, phenolics, volatiles, and the indigenous microbiota (fungi and bacteria) in edible mini-roses farmed in discarded fruits biocompost and animal manure systems. A descriptive sensory analysis of flowers was also performed. Mini-roses farmed in biocompost had higher luminosity and intensity of instrumental red color, a higher concentration of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins related to red color, and fructose than mini-roses farmed in animal manure (p < 0.05). Furthermore, mini-roses farmed in biocompost had higher concentrations of various volatiles (p < 0.05), including hexyl acetate and cis-3 -hexenyl butyrate related to the fruity aroma. Bacterial groups related to plant growth-promoting such as Stenotrophomonas and endophilic fungal groups such as Eurotiales sp, Pleosporales sp were found in higher abundance (p < 0.05) in mini-roses farmed in biocompost. Mini-rose farmed in biocompost also received higher score (p < 0.05) for fruity aroma and red color than mini-rose mini-roses farmed in animal manure. Results indicate that farming mini-roses using biocompost from discarded fruits impacts the synthesis of phenolics and volatiles, resulting in a more intense fruity aroma and red color. Findings also suggest that the microbiota of mini-roses farmed in biocompost or animal manure do not represent a major risk for the safety of these products.
Subject(s)
Anthocyanins , Rosa , Animals , Odorants , Manure , AgricultureABSTRACT
Interest in the use of non-conventional yeasts in wine fermentation has been increased in the last years in the wine sector. The main objective of this manuscript was to explore the aromatic diversity produced by wild and non-wine strains of S. cerevisiae, S. eubayanus, S. kudriavzevii, and S. uvarum species in young and bottle-aged Tempranillo wines as well as evaluate their fermentation capacity and the yield on ethanol, glycerol, and organic acids, that can contribute to diminishing the effects of climate change on wines. S. uvarum strain U1 showed the highest ability to release or de novo produce monoterpenes, such as geraniol and citronellol, whose values were 1.5 and 3.5-fold higher than those of the wine S. cerevisiae strain. We found that compared to the normal values for red wines, ß-phenylethyl acetate was highly synthesized by U1 and E1 strains, achieving 1 mg/L. Additionally, after aging, wines of S. eubayanus strains contained the highest levels of this acetate. Malic acid was highly degraded by S. kudriavzevii yeasts, resulting in the highest yields of lactic acid (>5-fold) and ethyl lactate (>2.8-fold) in their wines. In aged wines, we observed that the modulating effects of yeast strain were very high in ß-ionone. S. uvarum strains U1 and BMV58 produced an important aging attribute, ethyl isobutyrate, which was highly enhanced during the aging. Also, the agave S. cerevisiae strain develops an essential aroma after aging, reaching the highest ethyl leucate contents. According to the results obtained, the use of wild non-wine strains of S. cerevisiae and strains of the cryotolerant species S. eubayanus, S. kudriavzevii, and S. uvarum in Tempranillo wine fermentation increase the aroma complexity. In addition, wines from S. kudriavzevii strains had twice additional glycerol, those from S. uvarum 4-fold more succinic acid, while wines from wild strains yielded 1% v/v less ethanol which may solve wine problems associated with climate change.
Subject(s)
Saccharomyces , Vitis , Wine , Fermentation , Odorants/analysis , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Wine/analysisABSTRACT
This study aimed to know the biodiversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in Brazilian apples must with potential to improve of the aromatic quality of ciders. The strains were isolated from thirty-five (35) Gala and Fuji apple musts from different locations from south region of Brazil. Forty-five (45) strains were isolate and identified by PCR analysis. Results indicated ten (10) species: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The genus Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. and Clavispora sp. constituted 71.2% of the strains identified. The following strains, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum and H. guilliermondii were selected in qualitative tests due the fruity aroma production by trained team in the aromatic assessment of cider.(AU)
Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a biodiversidade de leveduras não-Saccharomyces em maças com potencial para a melhoria da qualidade aromática da sidra brasileira. As cepas foram isoladas de trinta e cinco (35) mostos de maça Gala e Fuji de diferentes locais da região Sul do Brasil. Quarenta e cinco (45) cepas foram isoladas e identificadas por análise de PCR. Os resultados indicaram dez (10) espécies: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans e Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Três desses gêneros (Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. e Clavispora sp.) juntos constituíram 71,2% das cepas identificadas. Entre estas cepas, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum e H. guilliermondii foram selecionadas em teste qualitativo devido a produção de aroma frutado, indicando potencial para a produção de compostos aromáticos na sidra.(AU)
Subject(s)
Yeasts/isolation & purification , Biodiversity , Malus/chemistry , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
This study aimed to know the biodiversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in Brazilian apples must with potential to improve of the aromatic quality of ciders. The strains were isolated from thirty-five (35) Gala and Fuji apple musts from different locations from south region of Brazil. Forty-five (45) strains were isolate and identified by PCR analysis. Results indicated ten (10) species: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The genus Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. and Clavispora sp. constituted 71.2% of the strains identified. The following strains, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum and H. guilliermondii were selected in qualitative tests due the fruity aroma production by trained team in the aromatic assessment of cider.
Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a biodiversidade de leveduras não-Saccharomyces em maças com potencial para a melhoria da qualidade aromática da sidra brasileira. As cepas foram isoladas de trinta e cinco (35) mostos de maça Gala e Fuji de diferentes locais da região Sul do Brasil. Quarenta e cinco (45) cepas foram isoladas e identificadas por análise de PCR. Os resultados indicaram dez (10) espécies: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans e Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Três desses gêneros (Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. e Clavispora sp.) juntos constituíram 71,2% das cepas identificadas. Entre estas cepas, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum e H. guilliermondii foram selecionadas em teste qualitativo devido a produção de aroma frutado, indicando potencial para a produção de compostos aromáticos na sidra.
Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Yeasts/isolation & purification , Malus/chemistry , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to know the biodiversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in Brazilian apples must with potential to improve of the aromatic quality of ciders. The strains were isolated from thirty-five (35) Gala and Fuji apple musts from different locations from south region of Brazil. Forty-five (45) strains were isolate and identified by PCR analysis. Results indicated ten (10) species: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The genus Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. and Clavispora sp. constituted 71.2% of the strains identified. The following strains, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum and H. guilliermondii were selected in qualitative tests due the fruity aroma production by trained team in the aromatic assessment of cider.
RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a biodiversidade de leveduras não-Saccharomyces em maçãs com potencial para a melhoria da qualidade aromática da sidra brasileira. As cepas foram isoladas de trinta e cinco (35) mostos de maçã Gala e Fuji de diferentes locais da região Sul do Brasil. Quarenta e cinco (45) cepas foram isoladas e identificadas por análise de PCR. Os resultados indicaram dez (10) espécies: Candida oleophila, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Pichia anomala, Pichia fermentans e Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Três desses gêneros (Rhodotorula sp., Lodderomyces sp. e Clavispora sp.) juntos constituíram 71,2% das cepas identificadas. Entre estas cepas, C. oleophila, R. mucilaginosa, P. fermentans, H. uvarum e H. guilliermondii foram selecionadas em teste qualitativo devido a produção de aroma frutado, indicando potencial para a produção de compostos aromáticos na sidra.
ABSTRACT
O Inga vera Will subsp. affinis (DC). T.D. Penn. é uma espécie frutífera nativa do Cerrado, importante na recuperação de matas ciliares degradadas. Entretanto, apresenta sua propagação dificultada pelo fato de suas sementes serem recalcitrantes, ou seja, não tolerarem a perda de água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar aspectos da germinação ex vitro e in vitro de ingazeiro. Para tanto, foram avaliados os efeitos de diferentes substratos: areia, Plantmax® e Areia+ Plantmax®; diferentes concentrações de sais: WPM, WPM/2, MS e MS/2, e diferentes concentrações de GA3 (0, 5, 10, 17 e 20 µM) no meio de cultura. Observou-se que, na germinação ex vitro, o substrato Plantmax® proporcionou maior porcentagem de germinação (82 por cento). Com relação à germinação in vitro, a maior percentagem de germinação foi obtida utilizando-se meio de cultura WPM/2 (96 por cento). A adição de GA3 no meio de cultura não foi estatisticamente significativa, no entanto, a concentração de 20 µM de GA3 proporcionou um aumento na germinabilidade de sementes de ingazeiro.
The Inga vera Will subsp. affinis (DC). T.D. Penn. is fruit native specie from cerrado, commonly for recovering devastated areas. However, its propagation is complicated due to the fact that the seeds are recalcitrant and does not support water loss. The objective of this work was to study Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. ex vitro and in vitro germination aspects. For this purpose, different substrates: sand, Plantmax® and sand+ Plantmax®; different salt concentrations: WPM, WPM/2, MS and MS/2, and different GA3 concentrations (0, 5, 10, 17 and 20 µM) were evaluated. The results showed that, in the ex vitro germination, the use of Plantmax® provided the highest germination percentage (82 percent). Regarding the in vitro germination, highest percentage was observed using WPM/2 (96 percent). The addition of GA3 was not statistically significant although the concentration of 20 µM promoted an increase in the germination of Inga vera seeds.