ABSTRACT
Background Modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP) helps in the elimination of microorganisms which is imperative for the success of endodontic therapy. The intracanal medicament powders must be mixed with vehicles for better handling and penetration in the root canals. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of six low-surface-tension vehicles on the penetration of MTAP in dentinal tubules. Methodology The root apices of 60 single-rooted human mandibular premolars were resected to obtain 12mm length. After biomechanical preparation, intracanal medicaments were prepared by mixing with the six vehicles (Group 1- Bupivacaine, Group 2- Sodium ether lauryl sulfate, Group 3- Neosporin H, Group 4- Chlorhexidine gluconate, Group 5- Chitosan, and Group 6- Polyethylene glycol) with MTAP and Rhodamine B dye. Middle and apical transverse sections were scanned under a confocal laser scanning microscope. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and the level of significance was p<0.05. Results The maximum depth of penetration was seen in Group 2 (MTAP with sodium ether lauryl sulfate) followed by Group 5 (MTAP with chitosan), Group 4 (MTAP with chlorhexidine gluconate), Group 1 (MTAP with bupivacaine), and Group 6 (MTAP with polyethylene glycol), and the least penetration by Group 3 (MTAP with Neosporin H). The depth of penetration in the middle level was in the order of Group 2 followed by Group 4, Group 5, Group 3, Group 6, and Group 1. The depth of penetration in the apical level was in the order of Group 2 followed by Group 5, Group 1, Group 4, Group 6, and Group 3. The overall depth of penetration was significantly higher at the middle level than at the apical level. Conclusion Group sodium ether lauryl sulfate showed the maximum depth of penetration in both the middle and apical areas. The least depth of penetration in the middle area was seen in group bupivacaine and the apical area by group Neosporin H.
ABSTRACT
Interface dermatitis is a type of dermatological insult to the dermo-epidermal skin junction. When this reaction causes secondary dermatosis that occurs distally on the body, it is known as autosensitization or autoeczematization. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged gentleman, with a medical history including human immunodeficiency virus, non-adherent to highly active antiretroviral therapy, initially presenting due to chronic recurring cellulitis on the left lower leg that had become progressively erythematous and tender to palpation. A few days later, he developed an intensely pruritic, papular rash on his face and chest. Following further investigation, he reported using Neosporin ointment on the leg rash prior to admission which had then caused allergic contact dermatitis. Ultimately, the patient was diagnosed with acute interface dermatitis due to Neosporin use, which led to a secondary autosensitization reaction involving his head, neck, and arms. This case illustrates the importance of thorough history taking and clinical suspicion to appropriately diagnose this phenomenon, further demonstrating the temporal association between allergic contact dermatitis and autosensitization.