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1.
Front Sociol ; 8: 1143776, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37066066

ABSTRACT

From the late 1980s onward, global social theory has been introduced to a new perspective variously called indigeneity, endogeneity, Orientalism, Eurocentrism, post-colonial, decolonial, and Southern sociology/social sciences. This study argues that the above-mentioned trends should be collectively termed anti-colonial social theory as all of these explore the relationship between colonialism and knowledge production. The study divides the growth of anti-colonial social theory in terms of two phases and relates it to changing geopolitics of the 20th century. It argues that these distinct trends manifest a united stance in its ontological-epistemic articulation. It also argues that anti-colonial social theory can play a relevant role in a knowledge system divided through colonial/imperial relationships, given its theorization on the same.

2.
Rev. psicol. polit ; 22(55): 520-537, dez. 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1450363

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho visa analisar como os sujeitos destinatários da política de assistência social compreendem e se relacionam com as ações e programas sociais desenvolvidos. Recorremos, portanto, ao uso da entrevista semiestruturada, que contou com dez participantes, bem como do diário de campo proveniente do período de acompanhamento das atividades desenvolvidas em um Centro de Referência em Assistência Social (CRAS). O material construído e analisado abarca as seguintes categorias: (a) Assistência social: direito ou benesse? (b) Assistência social e (vs) trabalho: da (re) negação à busca por direitos; (c) Dilemas postos na condição de "assistido": tutela, subalternidade e rupturas. Os resultados sugerem, assim, que a perspectiva histórica da subalternidade presente no campo da assistência social, a qual vem sendo reforçada pela agenda neoliberal, impõe desafios para o avanço nas condições materiais e subjetivas de vida dos sujeitos "assistidos", podendo, por vezes, favorecer processos psicossociais de resignação e comprometer mecanismos de participação e controle social.


The present work aims to analyze how the "users" of the social assistance policy understand and relate to the social actions and programs. We resorted, therefore, to the use of semi-structured interviews, which included ten participants, as well as a field diary from the period of monitoring the activities developed in a Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS). The material built and analyzed covers the following categories: (a) Social assistance: right or benefit? (b) Social assistance and (vs) work: from (re)denial to the search for rights; (c) Dilemmas placed in the condition of "assisted": guardianship, subalternity and ruptures. The results suggest, therefore, that the historical perspective of subalternity present in the field of social assistance, which has been reinforced by the neoliberal agenda, poses challenges for the advancement of the material and subjective conditions of life of the "assisted" subjects, and may, sometimes favor psychosocial processes of resignation and compromise mechanisms of participation and social control.


El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo las personas atendidas por la política de asistencia social entienden y se relacionan con las acciones y programas sociales desarrollados. Por lo tanto, utilizamos la entrevista semiestructurada, que incluyó a diez participantes, así como el diario de campo del período de seguimiento de las actividades desarrolladas en un Centro de Referencia en Asistencia Social (CRAS). El material construido y analizado incluye las siguientes categorías: (a) Asistencia social: ¿derecho o ayuda? (b) Asistencia social y (vs) trabajo: de la (re)negación a la búsqueda de derechos; (c) Dilemas planteados en la condición de "asistidos": tutela, subalternidad y rupturas. Los resultados sugieren, por lo tanto, que la perspectiva histórica de subalternidad presente en el campo de la asistencia social, que ha sido reforzada por la perspectiva neoliberal, impone desafíos para el avance en las condiciones materiales y subjetivas de vida de las personas "asistidas", pudiendo contribuir, algunas veces, con los procesos psicosociales de resignación y comprometer los mecanismos de participación y control social.

3.
Serv. soc. soc ; (143): 42-61, jan.-abr. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357438

ABSTRACT

Resumo: A partir da leitura de Gramsci em torno da subalternidade, destacamos aspectos conceituais e critérios metodológicos de uma categoria de análise extremamente útil para decifrar a movimentação das classes subalternas nos marcos dos antagonismos de classes. Trata-se de uma perspectiva teórico-metodológica e política fundamental para compreender o significado diferenciado de expressões de rebeldia imediata ou de movimentos políticos e populares mais orgânicos, no contexto de processos de hegemonia.


Abstract: From the reading of Gramsci about subalternity, we highlight conceptual aspects and methodological criteria of an extremely useful analytic category for deciphering the movement of subordinate classes within the framework of class antagonisms. It is a fundamental theoretical-methodological and political perspective to understand the differentiated meaning of immediate rebellion expressions or of more organic political and popular movements, within the context of the hegemonic processes.

4.
Soc Identities ; 28(1): 108-138, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35250348

ABSTRACT

Nation in Moroccan historiography writings has traditionally been described as culturally, ethnically and racially homogeneous; an all-encompassing discourse that silences episodes about the historical legacy of slavery and racism in the country, and undermines multicultural Morocco. In fact, the history of Morocco's blacks of sub-Saharan descent remains fragmented, scattered and undocumented - partly because of the scarcity of archival sources. Recent years, however, have witnessed the revival of an 'African consciousness' in Moroccan history and in literature. This is also the case of Maghrebi (North African) and Arabic literature from the Mashreq (the Middle East) and the Gulf. In this paper, we consider how two recent Moroccan novels, Le Lutteur [The Wrestler, in French] by My Seddick Rabbaj (2017) and Dhakirat al-narjis [The Daffodil's Memory, in Arabic] by Rachid al-Hachimi (2018), deal with salient moments of trans-Saharan cultural connections. We argue that the historical and the geographical imaginaries connecting North and sub-Saharan Africa compel a discussion of the 'decolonial' as outlined by the Moroccan critic Abdelkebir Khatibi, and enforce a rebound on the concept of 'significant geographies'. In engaging with the narratives' concern about the construction of racial and cultural identities in Morocco, we consider how these works resonate with the recovery of the subaltern history of black Morocco, and how gender, rural and ethnic identity inform and imbue the texts with a knot of ambivalent discourses.

5.
Nurs Inq ; 28(2): e12398, 2021 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33340445

ABSTRACT

Although Gramsci's notions of hegemony and subalternity may seem outdated in this 21st century, a critical examination of the literature shows that these concepts apply in this global pandemic and political context. Racialization is a form of structural violence. In this paper, I also explore Gramsci's' notion of engaged intellectuals to support the idea of social and political activism in nursing. Nurse scholars call for the decolonization of the discipline. Gramsci's philosophical approach to hegemony can be extended to racialization in nursing. Gramsci's notions of civil society and state can help nurses to see the structures that create racism in nursing and society.


Subject(s)
Nursing/trends , Racism/psychology , Humans , Nursing/standards , Racism/trends
6.
Pesqui. prát. psicossociais ; 15(3): 1-14, set.-dez. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1135593

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho busca investigar a fala/silêncio de mulheres de cor na produção científica e estabelecer uma discussão em torno do lócus enunciativo do sujeito subalterno na vida social contemporânea no campo científico. Foram analisados os textos "Intelectuais Negras", de bell hooks, e "Falando em línguas: uma carta para as mulheres escritoras do Terceiro Mundo", de Gloria Anzaldúa. Também foram tomadas as contribuições de Gayatri Spivak (2010) no texto "Pode o subalterno falar". As análises apontaram que as teóricas estudadas buscam novas estratégias epistemológicas e estabelecem um diálogo crítico com distintas correntes do pensamento. As mulheres, até agora produzidas como objetos do saber, reclamam a produção de um saber local, sobre si mesmas; assim, transitam entre o silêncio e a fala, entre a ausência de uma produção audível e a denúncia de uma história invisível em uma ciência imperialista.


The present work seeks to investigate the speech/silence of colored women on the scientific production, having as its objective to establish a discussion around the enunciative locus of the subaltern subject on the contemporary social life, in the scientific field. We analyzed the texts "Black Intellectuals" written by bell hooks and "Speaking in tongues: a letter to the women writers from the third world" written by Gloria Anzaldúa were analyzed. The contributions of the text "Can the subaltern speak", by Gayatri Spivak (2010), was also used. The analysis points out that the studied writers are seeking new epistemological strategies, establishing a critical dialogue with distinct fields of thought. Women, so far produced as "knowledge objects" claim the production of local knowledge about themselves. So, they transit between the silence and the speech, between the absence of an audible production and the uncovering of an invisible history in an imperialist science.


El presente trabajo busca investigar el habla/silencio de mujeres de color en la producción científica, se tiene como objetivo como reto establecer una discusión sobre el lócus enunciativo del sujeto subalterno en la vida social contemporánea, en el campo científico. Desarrolló el análisis de los textos "Intelectuales Negras" de bell hooks y "Hablar en lenguas: carta a las escritoras del Tercer Mundo" de Gloria Anzaldúa. Las aportaciones de Gayatri Spivak (2010) en el texto "¿Puede hablar el sujeto subalterno?". El análisis apunta que las teóricas estudiadas buscan nuevas estrategias epistemológicas, establecen dialogo crítico con distintas corrientes del pensamiento. Las mujeres, que hasta el momento eran objetos del saber, reivindican la producción del saber local, un saber acerca de sí mismas. Así, ellas transitan entre el silencio y el habla, entre la ausencia de una producción oíble y la denuncia de una historia invisible en la ciencia imperialista.


Subject(s)
Thinking , Women , Prejudice , Psychology, Social , Science , Writing , Color , Knowledge , Feminism , Dominance-Subordination
7.
Saúde debate ; 43(spe8): 160-174, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1127423

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Neste ensaio, partimos da constatação que as instituições que compõem o campo da saúde coletiva encontram-se tensas pela entrada de 'outros' corpos nos seus cenários. Corpos 'outros' que questionam a organização institucional e a matriz que orienta o pensamento nesse campo de conhecimento. Em seguida, apresentamos as bases que sustentam essas instituições: a colonialidade, como uma matriz predatória que persiste e se reatualiza na contemporaneidade; e a modernidade, como um programa de pensamento que separa, determina e institui uma hierarquia civilizacional. Tais bases expressam-se no racismo e sexismo que estruturam o Estado nacional brasileiro e atravessam a ciência que fazemos e a saúde pública, com cujas práticas nos articulamos. Ponderamos que a saúde coletiva não escapa desse caráter estrutural brasileiro; para isso, discutiremos alguns problemas fundamentais do campo, que este tem demonstrado dificuldade de ver/reconhecer. Por fim, propomos às instituições que produzem a saúde coletiva cinco apostas que devem ser feitas para reconhecer e acolher esses corpos 'outros' que agora chegam ao ensino superior e têm urgência de contrapor discursos e práticas que historicamente os subalternizam e invisibilizam.


ABSTRACT In this essay we consider that the field of Collective Health in Brazil has been composed by new social actors in the last few years. From this statement, we propose that this change in composition has produced tensions in the Collective Health institutions, because this 'new actors' have questioned the matrix of thoughts that sustains this field of knowledge. Subsequently, we present the bases that support our institutions: coloniality, as a predactory matrix which re-updates itself in contemporaneity; and modernity, as a program of thought which separates, determines, and constitutes a civilizational hierarchy. We show that these bases express themselves through the racism and sexism that structures the Brazilian State, and consequently, composes science and public health and its practices. Considering that the field of Collective Health does not escape from this structural Brazilian character, we discuss some problems that such field has had difficulty to recognize. Finally, we point to the Collective Health institutions five proposals which contribute towards the reception of these 'new actors' in the field, as well as the discussions that they have brought up, which has been historically subordinate and unseen.

8.
J Aging Stud ; 39: 101-108, 2016 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27912848

ABSTRACT

In this paper, I will present a reading of senior life through the lens of postcolonial theory. Even while this body of theory is as varied as the life experience summarized under the label "old age", such a project promises mutually fruitful results. Postcolonialism's preoccupation with positional difference, subalternity and the abiding influence of the hegemon over what it discards as other can be helpful in overcoming the often merely chronological or individualized understanding of the last stages of the life course. At the same time, some of the blind spots of postcolonial thinking, its alleged culturalism, can be amended by a sustained attention to the materiality of senior life. My reading will therefore address postcolonial aspects of old age in terms of concrete locations in the Global South and it will also offer a brief reflection on the theoretical challenges presenting themselves at the intersection of these two theory complexes.


Subject(s)
Aging , Colonialism , Culture , Humans , Social Theory
9.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 24(3): 499-506, 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660699

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é articular e discutir como os veículos de mídia de massa, no caso da demarcação e desocupação da Reserva Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol, em função de uma lógica própria, elaboram os discursos e constroem uma realidade particular, independente dos atores sociais envolvidos. Este artigo apresenta como as situações potencialmente comunicativas, geradas pela mídia, assumem um discurso de autoridade que, mesmo de forma monológica, passam a funcionar como contratos de comunicação, definindo quando e quem deve falar. Realizada em 266 (n=266) notícias publicadas por um jornal impresso de circulação nacional entre os anos de 2005 e 2009, a pesquisa teve como suporte de análise o software Alceste, o que possibilitou à interpretação dos dados uma perspectiva metodológica particular aplicada ao campo dos estudos sobre o preconceito e, em especial, ao estudo das representações sociais nele envolvidas.


The aim of this paper is to articulate and discuss how the mass media outlets, in the case of demarcation and eviction of the Indian Reserve Raposa Serra do Sol, according to its own logic, prepare speeches and construct a particular reality, regardless of the social actors involved. This article shows how the potentially communicative situations generated by the media, take a discourse of authority, so that even monological operate as contracts, sets when and who should speak. Held in 266 (n = 266) news published by a newspaper of national circulation between the years 2005 and 2009, research was supported by the analysis software Alceste, which allowed the interpretation of data a particular methodological approach applied to the field studies of prejudice and, in particular, the study of social representations involved in it.

10.
Rev. bras. crescimento desenvolv. hum ; 15(2): 91-98, ago. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-54475

ABSTRACT

A dificuldade de comunicação entre profissionais de saúde e as comunidades populares é notória e se expressa principalmente na ineficácia dos tratamentos tal como os prescreve a medicina oficial, assim como no descontentamento, por parte dos usuários, com os seus resultados. Este artigo refletir sobre tal situação, colocando em relevo a importância ética da escuta, pelos profissionais da saúde, dos discursos e saberes extra-científicos sobre a doença e a saúde afirmados por tais comunidades. A escuta mais sensível poderá dar visibilidade aos elementos que impedem a comunicação efetiva, proporcionando a restituição da reciprocidade comunicativa, o que significa a recusa e a transformação das relações de subalternidade aí estabelecidas.(AU)


The difficulty of communication between health professionals and popular communities are well known and appears mainly in the inefficacy of the treatments such as the official medicine prescribes them, as well as in the dissatisfaction, on the part of the users, with its results. In this article, we analyze this situation, placing in relief the ethical importance of listening to, for the professionals of the health, the speeches and extra-scientific knowledge on the illness and the health affirmed by such communities. Listening most sensible will be able to give visibility to the elements that hinder the communication accomplish, providing the restitution of the reciprocity in the communication, which means the refusal and the transformation of the relations of subalternity established there.(AU)


Subject(s)
Health Personnel/psychology , Ethics, Clinical
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