Does facial growth pattern affect the perception of lower facial asymmetry?

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of vertical facial type on esthetic perception of lower facial asymmetry as evaluated by orthodontists, dentists, and laypeople. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three adult females were selected with normal growth patterns (NGP), vertical growth patterns (VGP), and horizontal growth patterns (HGP). Frontal photographs were made symmetric and digitally altered, rotating the lower facial third clockwise, ranging from 0° to 6° in 1° increments. A web-based survey was designed with 24 images (eight images for each model) in random order. Each image was rated using a scale ranging from 0 (unattractive) to 10 (the most attractive) by 75 orthodontists, 73 dentists, and 78 laypeople. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether differences among groups were significant. Pairwise comparisons were made with Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at P = .05. RESULTS: In NGP, orthodontists and dentists could recognize slighter deviations (2°), while deviations in VGP and HGP under 3° were not recognized by all groups. Severe deviations (≥4°) were distinguished better in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople. In VGP and NGP, there was no significant difference over 4°. CONCLUSIONS: Growth pattern has a significant influence on perception of lower facial asymmetry. Less severe asymmetry can be detected better in NGP. In severe degrees, increments of asymmetry can be perceived more in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople.

Vertical and transverse treatment effects of Invisalign First system compared to Hyrax maxillary expanders with fixed appliances in mixed dentition patients.

OBJECTIVES: To compare vertical and transverse changes in mixed dentition patients treated with the Invisalign First System (IFS) to those treated with a banded hyrax expander with fixed appliances (Hyrax) and control groups, and to assess the efficiency rate of dental arch expansion with IFS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 80 mixed dentition patients, with 40 in each group (IFS and Hyrax) and 40 controls from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection. Skeletal and dental vertical dimension changes and arch width changes between pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) were evaluated. RESULTS: Age at T1, time interval (T1-T2), sex, and Angle class did not significantly differ among the groups. Mandibular plane angle changes showed a similar reduction for the control and IFS groups, with no changes in the Hyrax group. However, the differences among the three groups did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). The Hyrax group showed significantly greater expansion in maxillary intermolar width compared to the IFS group, 4.4 vs 2.5 mm, respectively. The efficiency of maxillary expansion using IFS ranged from 52.3% to 76.87%. CONCLUSIONS: During the mixed dentition stage, no significant changes occurred in vertical dimensions among the control, Hyrax, and IFS groups. Although there was a trend suggesting a greater reduction in mandibular plane angle in the IFS group compared to the Hyrax group, this may not be clinically significant given the less than 1° difference. IFS can be a viable option for addressing mild arch width deficiencies, with a predictable increase in intermolar width of approximately 2.5 mm.

COVID-19's Effect in Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission: A Systematic Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health and the global economy. It has also been found to have potential effects on pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, and mother-to-infant transmission. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with pregnancy. A systematic review study was conducted by searching the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases according to PRISMA guidelines from December 1, 2019, to December 23, 2022. The results indicate that there was an increase in the rate of cesarean delivery among mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, the study found that the mode of delivery for pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 did not increase or decrease the risk of infection for newborns. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in maternal and infant mortality rates, as well as stillbirths and ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Research has shown that SARS-CoV-2 can potentially be transmitted during pregnancy, although vertical transmission is rare. However, additional data are needed to investigate this adverse effect, especially regarding reports of disease recurrence in mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Worrying increase in the risk of vertical transmission of syphilis in Croatia, 2020 to 2024.

Four infants potentially exposed to syphilis infection in utero, meeting World Health Organization surveillance criteria of congenital syphilis (CS), were diagnosed in Croatia between September 2020 and January 2024. We conducted a retrospective analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of these cases to assess compliance with surveillance case definitions. As only one confirmed CS case has been reported in Croatia in over 2 decades, these reports signal an increased risk of syphilis vertical transmission and warrant strengthening antenatal screening.

Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in Europe: data from the multi-center DEVANI study.

INTRODUCTION: Despite national guidelines and use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP), Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci (GBS)) is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns in Europe and the United States. The European DEVANI (Design of a Vaccine Against Neonatal Infections) program assessed the neonatal GBS infection burden in Europe, the clinical characteristics of colonized women and microbiological data of GBS strains in colonized women and their infants with early-onset disease (EOD). METHODS: Overall, 1083 pregnant women with a GBS-positive culture result from eight European countries were included in the study. Clinical obstetrical information was collected by a standardized questionnaire. GBS strains were characterized by serological and molecular methods. RESULTS: Among GBS carriers included in this study after testing positive for GBS by vaginal or recto-vaginal sampling, 13.4% had at least one additional obstetrical risk factor for EOD. The five most common capsular types (i.e., Ia, Ib, II, III and V) comprised ~ 93% of GBS carried. Of the colonized women, 77.8% received any IAP, and in 49.5% the IAP was considered appropriate. In our cohort, nine neonates presented with GBS early-onset disease (EOD) with significant regional heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Screening methods and IAP rates need to be harmonized across Europe in order to reduce the rates of EOD. The epidemiological data from eight different European countries provides important information for the development of a successful GBS vaccine.

Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells with Preferred Crystal Orientation by Buried Interface Approach.

Mixed tin-lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered much attention for their ideal bandgap and high environmental research value. However, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS), widely used as a hole transport layer (HTL) for Sn-Pb PSCs, results in unsatisfactory power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability of PSCs due to its acidity and moisture absorption. A synergistic strategy by incorporating histidine (HIS) into the PEDOT: PSS HTL is applied to simultaneously regulate the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite (PVK). HIS neutralizes the acidity of PEDOT: PSS and enhances conductivity. Especially, the coordination of the C═N and -COO- functional groups in the HIS molecule with Sn2+ and Pb2+ induces vertical growth of PVK film, resulting in the release of residual surface stress. Additionally, this strategy also optimizes the energy level alignment between the perovskite layer and the HTL, which improves charge extraction and transport. With these cooperative effects, the PCE of Sn-Pb PSCs reaches 21.46% (1 sun, AM1.5), maintaining excellent stability under a nitrogen atmosphere. Hence, the buried interface approach exhibits the potential for achieving high-performance and stable Sn-Pb PSCs.

Principle and Logic of Vertical Reduction Repair Double-Ring Breast Reduction.

BACKGROUND: Secondary reduction mammaplasty poses challenges. OBJECTIVES: This article delves into the reasons and complaints regarding secondary repair following double-ring method and outlines the principle and logic of utilizing vertical incision for repair. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent secondary reduction mammaplasty in our hospital was conducted. The analysis included baseline demographic data, reasons for consultation, surgical records, and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients (70 breasts) underwent secondary reduction mammaplasty. The mean time between the primary reduction mammaplasty and second procedure was 2.99 years (range, 0.5-15years). The mean weights were 210.49g (range, 42-558g) and 207.91g (range, 6-560g) for left and right mastectomies, respectively. Reasons for secondary reduction mammaplasty include poor shape (flat breasts and pseudoptosis), widened incision scar, persistent macromastia, and bilateral asymmetry. CONCLUSIONS: The superior and superomedial vertical techniques are safe, effective, and satisfactory in secondary reduction mammaplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors   www.springer.com/00266 .

Diving into the Depths: Uncovering Microplastics in Norwegian Coastal Sediment Cores.

High concentrations of microplastics (MPs) have been documented in the deep-sea surface sediments of the Arctic Ocean. However, studies investigating their high-resolution vertical distribution in sediments from the European waters to the Arctic remain limited. This study examines MPs in five sediment cores from the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC), encompassing the water-sediment interface and sediment layers up to 19 cm depth. Advanced analytical methods for MP identification down to 11 µm in size were combined with radiometric dating and lithology observations. MPs were present across all sediment cores, including layers predating the introduction of plastics, with concentrations exhibiting significant variation (54-12,491 MP kg-1). The smallest size class (11 µm) predominated in most sediment layers (34-100%). A total of 18 different polymer types were identified across all sediment layers, with polymer diversity and depth correlations varying widely between stations. Our findings suggest that differences in seafloor topography and the impact of anthropogenic activities (e.g., fishing) lead to varying environmental conditions at the sampling sites, influencing the vertical distribution of MPs. This challenges the reliability of using environmental parameters to predict MP accumulation zones and questions the use of MPs in sediment cores as indicators of the Anthropocene.

Comparing the immunogenicity of COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnant women as measured by anti-S IgG.

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a critical time for women, making them more susceptible to infectious diseases like COVID-19. This study aims to determine the immunogenicity of COVID-19 in pregnant women who have been infected compared to those who have received the inactive COVID-19 vaccine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, pregnant women who received the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Sinopharm) and those with a history of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy were studied. Participants who had experienced stillbirth, received different COVID-19 vaccines, or had intrauterine fetal death were excluded from the study. Overall, the study included 140 participants. The participants were divided into two groups of 70 participants - pregnant women who received the Sinopharm vaccine and pregnant women who had COVID-19 infection during pregnancy. Before delivery, blood samples were collected from all mothers to evaluate the maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) level. Blood samples were also taken from the baby's umbilical cord during delivery to measure the newborn's IgG level. Additionally, blood samples were collected from babies whose mothers showed signs of acute infection to measure their IgM levels and evaluate vertical transmission. FINDINGS: The study found a significant relationship between the mean level of maternal IgG and umbilical cord IgG within the groups (P < 0.001). The highest levels of maternal IgG (2.50 ± 2.17) and umbilical cord IgG (2.43 ± 2.09) were observed in pregnant women with a previous COVID-19 infection and no history of vaccination (P < 0.001). Only one baby was born with a positive IgM, and this baby was born to a mother who showed signs of COVID-19 infection in the last five days of pregnancy. The mother was 28 years old, with a BMI of 33; it was her first pregnancy, and she gave birth to a male newborn at term. CONCLUSION: Administering an inactivated vaccine during pregnancy can generate immunity in both the mother and the child. However, the vaccine's immunity level may not be as potent as that conferred by COVID-19 infection during pregnancy. Nonetheless, the risk of vertical transmission of COVID-19 is considered minimal and can be classified as negligible.

Impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on weight loss after vertical sleeve gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders, such as depression, are prominent within the bariatric population, with antidepressants ranking among the most frequently prescribed medications. OBJECTIVES: Our surgery aimed to investigate selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on weight loss in patients undergoing vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). SETTING: University affiliated Community Hospital, United States. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review at a single bariatric center, involving multiple bariatric surgeons, on adults (>18 years of age) who underwent VSG between 2011 and 2018. The patients were followed for a total of 2 years. Exclusion criteria included revisional surgery during the 2-year follow-up period, SSRI prescription initiated after the index surgery or within 2 years following surgery, and individuals who missed 3 or more postoperative visits. A total of 267 patients met the criteria and were categorized into 2 groups: those prescribed an SSRI prior to surgery and those not on an SSRI. Statistical analysis was performed using T-tests and chi-square tests, with significance set at P < .05. RESULTS: The preoperative weight in the SSRI group averaged 118.57 kg (±20.59), whereas in the non-SSRI group, it averaged 129.60 kg (±24.39) (P < .0001). Similarly, the preoperative body mass index (BMI) in the SSRI group averaged 43.34 (±6.14), while in the non-SSRI group, it averaged 46.13 (±6.82) (P = .001). At the 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups, the average BMI and weight were lower in the SSRI group compared to the non-SSRI group. However, at the 1-year and 2-year follow-ups, the weight and BMI were no longer statistically different. There was no significant difference in the percentage total weight change (%TWC) between the groups; the %TWC was 22.17 in the SSRI group and 23.35 in the non-SSRI group (P = .324). Follow-up attendance significantly decreased at each subsequent interval, with 65.41% in the SSRI group and 29.27% in the non-SSRI group at the 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our analysis, we suggest that VSG can be an effective option for weight loss in patients taking SSRIs. However, due to the limitations, particularly with follow-up of this study, further research is needed to support this conclusion.

Unraveling soil geochemical, geophysical, and microbial determinants of the vertical distribution of organic phosphorus pesticide pollutants.

Pesticide contamination has emerged as a global threat to humans. Here, we investigate the soil distribution pattern of organic phosphorus pesticide contamination at a pesticide manufacturing site in northern China, exploring their relationships with soil properties and microbial communities. The concentrations of four organic phosphorus pesticides (i.e., phorate, terbuthion, fenitrothion, and parathion) decreased substantially with soil depths from the surface down to 2 m. However, terbuthion, fenitrothion, and parathion had second-peak concentrations at a depth of 8 m. The concentrations of those organic phosphorus pesticides were negatively correlated with soil water content, but positively correlated with sulfide, pH, and total phosphorus. The distribution patterns of organic phosphorus pesticides closely aligned with that of soil organic matter and clay minerals, especially in the presence of montmorillonite, kaolinite, and chlorite. Various bacterial genera known to degrade organic phosphorus pesticides, such as Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Thiobacillus, were correlated with these pesticides. Since these genera were among the top 50 abundant genera in our samples, they might play a significant role in the degradation of organic phosphorus pesticides. Together, this study unveils previously unrecognized pesticide-soil-microbe interactions, thus providing an important knowledge basis for environmental remediation strategies.

Spin-Enhanced Self-Powered Light Helicity Detecting Based on Vertical WSe2-CrI3 p-n Heterojunction.

Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic semiconductors offer an intriguing platform for investigating magneto-optoelectronic properties and hold immense potential in developing prospective devices when they are combined with valley electronic materials like 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides. Herein, we report various magneto-optoelectronic response features of the vertical hBN-FLG-CrI3-WSe2-FLG-hBN van der Waals heterostructure. Through a sensible layout and exquisite manipulation, an hBN-FLG-CrI3-FLG-hBN heterostructure was also fabricated on identical CrI3 and FLGs for better comparison. Our results show that the WSe2-CrI3 heterostructure, acting as a p-n heterojunction, has advantageous capability in light detection, especially in self-powered light helicity detecting. In the WSe2-CrI3 heterojunction, the absolute value of photocurrent IPH exhibits obvious asymmetry with respect to the bias V, with the IPH of reversely biased WSe2-CrI3 p-n heterojunction being larger. When the CrI3 is fully spin-polarized under a 3 T magnetic field, the reversely biased WSe2-CrI3 heterojunction exhibits advantageous capability in light helicity detecting. Both the short-circuit currents ISC and IPH show one-cycle fluctuation behaviors when the quarter-wave plate rotates 180°, and the corresponding photoresponsivity helicities can be as high as 18.0% and 20.1%, respectively. We attribute the spin-enhanced photovoltaic effect in the WSe2-CrI3 heterojunction and its contribution to circularly polarized light detection to the coordination function of the spin-filter CrI3, the valley electronic monolayer WSe2, and the spin-dependent charge transfer between them. Our work helps us understand the interplay between the magnetic and optoelectronic properties of WSe2-CrI3 heterojunctions and promotes the developing progress of prospective 2D spin optoelectronic devices.

Experimental study on the performance of the vertical shell-tube indirect evaporative cooler with inner grooved tubes.

The vertical tube indirect evaporative cooler (VTIEC) could be preferred one to air-conditioning buildings if its water film quality could be improved. This paper proposed a new VTIEC with inner grooved tubes to improve the water film quality and obtained its performance by experimental method. The results indicated that inner grooved tubes have positive effects on the water film and performance of the new VTIEC. A low working air enthalpy at inlet can significantly improve the total cooling capacity from evaporation, and then VTIEC performance. In this paper conditions, the velocity ratio of 1.52 of the produced air to the working air is better one condition compared to 1.01 and 2.28. The produced air velocity is positive effect on the cooling capacity per unit area until the produced air velocity of about 4.05 m/s and is negative effect on COP. The maximum unit cooling capacity, wet-bulb efficiency and COP are 307.74W/m2, 81.7% and 44.97.The results will promote the application of the new VTIEC.

Resonant oscillation of droplets under an alternating electric field to enhance solute diffusion.

This study investigates a novel microfluidic mixing technique that uses the resonant oscillation of coalescent droplets. During the vertical contact-separation process, solutes are initially separated as a result of the combined effects of diffusion and gravity. We show that the application of alternating current (AC) voltage to microelectrodes below the droplets causes a resonant oscillation, which enhances the even distribution of the solute. The difference in concentration between the top and bottom droplets exhibits frequency dependence and indicates the existence of a particular AC frequency that results in a homogeneous concentration. This frequency corresponds to the resonance frequency of the droplet oscillation that is determined using particle tracking velocimetry. To understand the mixing process, a phenomenological model based on the equilibrium between surface tension, viscosity, and electrostatic force was developed. This model accurately predicted the resonance frequency of droplet flow and was consistent with the experimental results. These results suggest that the resonant oscillation of droplets driven by AC voltage significantly enhances the diffusion of solutes, which is an effective approach to microfluid mixing.

Toward a comparative framework for studies of altitudinal migration.

The study and importance of altitudinal migration has attracted increasing interest among zoologists. Altitudinal migrants are taxonomically widespread and move across altitudinal gradients as partial or complete migrants, subjecting them to a wide array of environments and ecological interactions. Here, we present a brief synthesis of recent developments in the field and suggest future directions toward a more taxonomically inclusive comparative framework for the study of altitudinal migration. Our framework centers on a working definition of altitudinal migration that hinges on its biological relevance, which is scale-dependent and related to fitness outcomes. We discuss linguistic nuances of altitudinal movements and provide concrete steps to compare altitudinal migration phenomena across traditionally disparate study systems. Together, our comparative framework outlines a "phenotypic space" that contextualizes the biotic and abiotic interactions encountered by altitudinal migrants from divergent lineages and biomes. We also summarize new opportunities, methods, and challenges for the ongoing study of altitudinal migration. A persistent, primary challenge is characterizing the taxonomic extent of altitudinal migration within and among species. Fortunately, a host of new methods have been developed to help researchers assess the taxonomic prevalence of altitudinal migration-each with their own advantages and disadvantages. An improved comparative framework will allow researchers that study disparate disciplines and taxonomic groups to better communicate and to test hypotheses regarding the evolutionary and ecological drivers underlying variation in altitudinal migration among populations and species.

Vertical ozone formation mechanisms resulting from increased oxidation on the mountainside of Mount Tai, China.

The vertical distribution of ozone (O3) within the boundary layer (BL) and its ground-level effects have been extensively studied. However, observational limitations in obtaining high-resolution, real-time data on O3 and its precursors, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs), have led to a scarcity of research on O3 formation sensitivity and mechanisms. Online measurements for O3, nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and VOCs were made on the mountainside of Mount Tai (∼550 m a.s.l.) in China during the summer of 2022 and were compared with the data from a ground-level site. The Master Chemical Mechanism (V3.3.1) was used to uncover a positive correlation between NO x and photochemical reaction rates on the mountainside, marking it as a NO x -limited regime in contrast to the VOC-limited regime identified at surface. On the mountainside, lower NO levels limited hydroxyl radicals (OH) recycling reactions, resulting in earlier O3 peaks and higher concentrations of hydroperoxy radicals (HO2) and organic peroxy radicals (RO2). The arrival of fresh air masses rich in NO accelerated OH radical cycling, enhanced atmospheric oxidization, and significantly impacted surface O3 concentrations though vertical transport. Moreover, NO x reduction scenario simulations show that when considering vertical transport, the peak O3 production rate at the surface is lower due to differences in O3 formation sensitivity vertically. This study highlights the significant sensitivity of O3 formation to NO within the BL, underscoring the potential impact of vertical in situ O3 formation above the ground on surface-level O3 concentrations through vertical exchange, particularly in cities with mountainous terrain.

Antiviral RNA interference inhibits virus vertical transmission in plants.

Known for over a century, seed transmission of plant viruses promotes trans-continental virus dissemination and provides the source of infection to trigger devastating disease epidemics in crops. However, it remains unknown whether there is a genetically defined immune pathway to suppress virus vertical transmission in plants. Here, we demonstrate potent immunosuppression of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) seed transmission in its natural host Arabidopsis thaliana by antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals predominant embryo infection at four stages of embryo development. We show that antiviral RNAi confers resistance to seed infection with different genetic requirements and drastically enhanced potency compared with the inhibition of systemic infection of whole plants. Moreover, we detect efficient seed transmission of a mutant CMV lacking its RNAi suppressor gene in mutant plants defective in antiviral RNAi, providing further support for the immunosuppression of seed transmission by antiviral RNAi.

Characterization of the Vertical Stiffness Gradient in Cadaveric Human and Excised Canine Larynges.

The elastic properties of the folds govern the characteristics of vocal fold vibrations. This study addresses existing gaps by investigating the Young's modulus along the anterior-posterior direction in excised canine and cadaveric human vocal folds. Micro-indentation testing was conducted on six excised canines and three cadaveric human larynges. Multiple points along the medial glottal wall were indented to determine force-displacement, stress-strain relationships, and Young's modulus as a function of Green's strain. A vertical stiffness gradient was consistently observed in both canine and human samples, with higher stiffness in the inferior aspect compared with the superior aspect. The stiffness increased toward both the anterior and posterior directions from the mid-coronal plane, with a more pronounced increase at the posterior edge. Human vocal folds generally exhibited lower stiffness at low strains but were comparable to canine vocal folds at higher strains. These findings suggest that the canine larynx model is a reasonable representation of the human laryngeal tissues' elastic property trends. This analysis of the vertical stiffness gradient in canine and human vocal folds provides valuable data for improving experimental and numerical models of phonation.

Dental Evaluation: Endodontic and Periodontal.

Endodontic and periodontal disease are distinct etiologies that can lead to odontogenic sinusitis (ODS). Apical periodontitis and periodontitis are both polymicrobial infections but with different pathogens affecting different parts of the tooth and alveolar bone. Diagnosing both conditions requires specific clinical examination in addition to radiographic assessment. Understanding the terminology and pathophysiology of these conditions and how they are identified should improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes, as well as future ODS research.

A 2D Optoelectronic Logic Device with Ultralow Supply Voltage.

Optoelectronic logic devices (OELDs) provide a cure for many visually impaired individuals. However, traditional OELDs have limitations, such as excessive channel resistance and complex structure, leading to high supply voltage and decreased efficiency of signal transmission. We report ultralow-voltage OELDs by seriating two 2D MoTe2 transistors with sub-10 nm channel lengths. The short channel length and atomically flat interface result in a low-resistance light-sensing unit that can operate with a low supply voltage and function well in weak-light conditions. The devices achieve an on state without light signal input and an off state with light signal input at an ultralow supply voltage of 50 mV, lower than the retinal bearing voltage of 70 mV. Additionally, MoTe2's excellent optoelectronic properties allow the device to perceive light from visible to near-infrared wavelengths with high sensitivity to weak light signals. The specific perception of visible light intensity is 0.03 mW·mm-2, and the near-infrared light intensity is 0.1 mW mm-2. The device also has a response time of 8 ms, meeting human needs. Our findings provide a promising solution for developing low-voltage artificial retinas.